Introduction EC

8/2/2019 Introduction EC

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Enterprise ComputingEnterprise Computing

Introduction to Enterprise and

Enterprise ComputingLecture 1


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Course ContentsCourse Contents

1. Introduction to Enterprise andEnterprise Computing

2. The information requirements of an

enterprise-sized corporation3. Information systems and software used

in the functional units of an enterprise4. General purpose and integrated

information systems used throughout anenterprise

5. Types of technologies used throughoutan enterprise Continue

Enterprise Computing Lecture 1 @ SZABIST Dubai Campus


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Course ContentsCourse Contents

6. Virtualization, cloud computing, andgrid computing

7. The computer hardware needs andsolutions for an enterprise

8. Availability, scalability, andinteroperability issues in an

enterprise9. Importance of computer backup andhow it is accomplished

10. The steps in a disaster recovery plan



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What is an Enterprise?What is an Enterprise?

y An enterprise is an activity or a projectthat produces services or products.

y A business organization

y Any organization with set goals

y Any large organization that utilizescomputers

y An intranet, is a good example of anenterprise computing system.



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Emergence of termEmergence of term

EnterpriseEnterprisey A word was needed that would encompass corporations,

small businesses,

non-profit institutions, government bodies,

social service organizations.

y The term enterprise seemed to do the job

y In practice, the term is applied much moreoften to larger organizations than smallerones



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An Enterprise is...An Enterprise is...

its physical, human, corporate and intangible resources/assets

Physical:Buildings, land, equipment, etc.

Human/corporate:Employees, customers, partners, etc.

Intangible:Patents, processes, trade secrets,

good will, data, knowledge, etc.


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Enterprise GoalsEnterprise Goals

y Make and save money

Grow and expand operations

Grow and expand human/inter-enterprise

associations

Share information throughout enterprise

Leverage existing infrastructure

y Manage change and risk respond to customers, technology, climate


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Activities that Support GoalsActivities that Support Goals

y Preserving resources/assets

x Durability/Maintenance

y Protecting/granting accessibility to

resources/a

ssetsx Security

y Growing/expanding resources/assets

x Development

y

Improving efficienciesx Performance/Scalability

y Detecting and responding to changes

x Flexibility


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Types ofan EnterpriseTypes ofan Enterprise

yThere are essentially two types ofenterprise:

Business enterprises, which arerun to make a profit for a privateindividual or group of individuals.

Social enterprises, which functionto provide services to individualsand groups in the community.



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Business enterprisesBusiness enterprises

y In general, any endeavor where theprimary motive is profit and not mereemployment for oneself and others.

y It is an organization engaged in the tradeof goods, services, or both to consumers.

y The activity of providing goods andservices involving financial andcommercial and industrial aspects;"computers are now widely used inbusiness"



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Business enterprisesBusiness enterprises --

Examp

lesEx

amp

lesy restaurants

y groceries

y printing works

y repair shops

y air lines

y

banksy factories

y farms



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Social enterprisesSocial enterprises

y A social enterprise is an organization withprimarily social objectives

y Profits are principally reinvested for thatpurpose in the organization or in the

community

y Thy type is not being driven by the need

to maximize profit for shareholders andowners.



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SocialSocial enterprisesenterprises --

Examp

lesEx

amp

les

y welfareorganizations

y health care centers

y sports clubs

y housingcooperatives

y charitiesy educational

institutions



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Types of Enterprises include:Types of Enterprises include:


Retail Manufacturing Service

Wholesale Government Educational

Transportation


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What Is EnterpriseWhat Is Enterprise

Computing?Computing?Enterprise computing involves the development,deployment and maintenance of the informationsystems required for survival and success intodays business climate.

Yen-Ping Shan & Ralph H. Earle,Enterprise Computing with Objects,

Addison-Wesley, 1998.


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What Is EnterpriseWhat Is Enterprise

Computing?Computing?y It involves the use of computers in

networks, such as LANs and WANs, or a

series of interconnected networks thatencompass a variety of different operating

systems, protocols, and networkarchitectures

y Managing Information Technology (IT)Infrastructure & Architecture



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Enterprise ComputingEnterprise Computing

EnvironmentEnvironmenty computers are typically dispersed over a wide area

y old (legacy) applications need to beused/maintained

y very large databasesx (e.g., tens of databases (DB), hundreds of tables per DB, thousands

to millions of records per table)

y hundreds to thousands/millions of clients

y heterogeneousx computers, client devices, networks, applications

y constantly-changing business requirements

y mission-critical applicationsx requires reliability and performance


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Handling ComplexityHandling Complexity

y Planning and Architecting

y Analyzing and Organizing

y Measuring/Tracking and Adjusting/Tuning

y Reusing

y Reviewing and Reiterating

y Applying Object-Oriented Principles


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Enterprise Systems:Enterprise Systems:

The VisionThe Vision

y Structure and Organization: One

organization

yManagement: Firm-wide Knowledge-based management processes

y Technology:Totally unified

information systemy Business: Customer-driven business

processes


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Enterprise Systems:Enterprise Systems:

The Re

ality

The Re

ality

y Discouraging ImplementationImplementation

y Unrealistic cost/benefit analysis

y Not achieving robustness

y Trapped in digital concrete: Oldersystems hard, expensive to change

y Difficult to attain: Interoperability

y Difficult to realize: Strategic Value


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Organization ofa traditionalOrganization ofa traditional

enterpriseenterprisey Most traditional enterprises are organizedin a hierarchical manner

y In an enterprise, users typically fall into

one of four categories:


ExecutiveManagement

MiddleManagement

OperationalManagement

Nonmanagement Employees

1. Executive Management2. Middle Management3. OperationalManagement

4. Non-management Employees


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Enterprise Developer RolesEnterprise Developer Roles

y Architectx overall design and integration with environment

y Application domain expertx

imparts knowledge of domain: business logicy Application assembler

x assembles and tests components of application

y

Deployerx distributes, tailors and configures application

y System administratorx manages development, deployment and production

environments


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EnterpriseApplicationEnterpriseApplication Qualities (1)Qualities (1)

1. extensible -- allows for future changes withminimal impact

2. scalable -- gracefully handlesexpansion/contraction in number of clients

3. usable/reliable -- functions as advertised,including error-handling

4. available -- can be used whenever needed

5. configurable -- can be adapted to diverseenvironments

6. deployable -- can be easily distributed to users


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EnterpriseApplicationEnterpriseApplication Qualities (2)Qualities (2)

7. durable -- necessary information lasts/persists overtime

8. efficient/responsive -- uses minimalresources/performs well for clients

9. unobtrusive -- doesnt get in the way of getting thingsdone

10. secure -- only authorized clients can access

11. reusable -- many parts can be reused rather than re-

created12. maintainable -- can be fixed with minimal impact

13. timely -- is ready to use productively during window

of opportunity

Introduction EC

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