Introduction
Module 5 Team Project on Leadership Indra Nooyi, CEO PepsiCo
Joshua TrujilloKyle KemptonTheresa FlynnJeannie DalrympleJerry
MitchellHelen Robinson
Colorado State University Global CampusDecision Making and
Leadership ORG 550 Dr. Stephen Law
Introduction Indra Nooyi is the President and Chief Executive
Officer of PepsiCo. Ms. Nooyi is one of the top female executives
in the United States and the highest-ranking woman of Indian
heritage in corporate environments. Ms. Nooyis achievements along
with occupational successes in leading PepsiCo show her
entrepreneurial spirit and dedication. Ms. Nooyi was born in Madras
India in 1955 into a conservative, middle-class environment. She is
a graduate of Madras Christian College where she earned her
undergraduate degree in Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics and
graduated with an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management in
Calcutta. Ms. Nooyi was accepted into and enrolled in Yale
Universitys Graduate School of Management. Ms. Nooyis family
supported her decision and move to the United States, although
actions such as these were unheard of for a good conservative south
Indian Brahmin girl. Ms. Nooyi holds a Masters of Public and
Private Management from Yale University completed in 1980.
Indra Nooyi is the President and Chief Executive Officer of
PepsiCo (Advameg Inc., 2011). Ms. Nooyi is one of the top female
executives in the United States and the highest-ranking woman of
Indian heritage in corporate environments (Advameg, Inc., 2011).
Ms. Nooyis achievements along with occupational successes in
leading PepsiCo show her entrepreneurial spirit and dedication. Ms.
Nooyi was born in Madras India in 1955 into a conservative,
middle-class environment (Advameg Inc., 2011). She is a graduate of
Madras Christian College where she earned her undergraduate degree
in Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics and graduated with an MBA
from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta (Advameg Inc.,
2011). Ms.Nooyi was accepted into and enrolled in Yale Universitys
Graduate School of Management (Advameg Inc., 2011). Ms. Nooyis
family supported her decision and move to the United States though
actions such as these were unheard of for a good conservative south
Indian Brahmin girl (Advameg Inc., 2011). Ms Nooyi holds a Masters
of Public and Private Management from Yale University completed in
1980.
2
Leadership of Diversity PracticesIndra Nooyi, exemplifies
diversity (Frankel, 2008)Approach to Diversity Management
encompasses all that diversity is:Deeper than biographical
characteristics, but not without boundaries (Caas & Sondak,
2011)Fluid and dynamic (Caas & Sondak, 2011)Grounded in
differences and similarities (Caas & Sondak, 2011)Rooted in
nonessentialist thought (Caas & Sondak, 2011)Relevant to ones
approach to work (Caas & Sondak, 2011)
Indra Nooyi, exemplifies diversity (Frankel, 2008).Her approach
to diversity management encompasses all that diversity is. Caas
& Sondak, (2011) represent diversity in the context of five
dimensions:
Diversity is deeper than biographical characteristics, but not
without boundaries (Caas & Sondak, 2011)Its deeper than
biographical characteristics that are observable by the eye such as
gender and skin color. In different contexts, it could include
single parents, ones spirituality, sexuality or religion. It could
encompass age differences, and physical abilities. Discounting less
obvious dimensions make it more difficult to identify core
qualities one may self identify with (Caas & Sondak, 2011)
.
Diversity is fluid and dynamicDiversity dimensions can and do
change over a lifetime. People get married and divorced. They have
children. They acquire higher education. They become disabled, and
the disabled become more able.
Diversity is grounded in differences and similaritiesWe often
define ourselves and others in terms of our differences to the
detriment of our similarities. Nooyi understands that a realized
advantage of diversity is when people see their similarities. When
they do, the damage done by biographical categorizations are more
effectively and definitively mitigated.
Diversity is rooted in nonessentialist thought Litvin, as quoted
by Caas et al (2011) states Essentialism is damaging because it
encourages individuals to immediately attribute their colleagues
thoughts and behaviors to their demographic category membership.
Nooyi, through comprehensive and continual diversity training of
the rank and file, makes everyone aware of how damaging
essentialist thinking can be.
Diversity is relevant to how one approaches workThomas and Ely
explain that diversity is best managed when an employees
perspective is incorporated into the main work of the organization
as exemplified by the rethinking of primary tasks as well as the
redefinition of markets, products, strategies, missions, business
practices, and cultures (Caas & Sondak, 2011).
3
Leadership of Diversity PracticesAbility Deep Level Abilities
(Robbins & Judge, 2011)Intellectual Physical Diversity
Management Strategies (Robbins & Judge, 2011)Retaining diverse
employees is key (Bullock, 2010)
Nooyi is powerful in influencing organizational behavior because
she recognizes in her self and her accomplishments the injustices
perpetrated on individuals and organizations when they fail to
recognize peoples deeper level abilities, their intellectual
abilities required to perform activities such as thinking,
reasoning, and problem solving (Robbins et al, 2011). The ability
that actually represents ones capacity to perform their job whether
it be intellectual or physical.
Her own background advises her diversity management philosophy,
strategies, and goals (Bullock, 2010). She understands clearly
people differ in their abilities. What sets her apart from other
leaders is how she uses that knowledge to increase the likelihood
that a person will be empowered to perform their job well (Robbins
et al, 2011).
She appreciates the complexity of diversity and its management;
and understands successful implementations are integrated with the
structural, cultural, and behavioral levels of organizational
change; and this comprehensive approach to diversity management
must start at the top with the senior leadership. 4Indra Nooyi
Values.Values of Indra Nooyi External
ConditionsSustainabilityGlobal Impact Environment Diversity
Indra Nooyi has many great ideas, values and ethical thoughts as
the CEO for a large corporation like PepsicCo. She has a vision
that the values of the company should be reflected to help the
community and other areas instead of being focused on the bottom
line. Her idea is called, Performance with Purpose. Indra Nooyi
states, We believed then, as we do now, that there is more to
business than the earnings cycle. Our basic idea was that a company
had to marry its performance with its ethical concerns. Its
performance and its purpose are not separate entities. They merge.
They feed off each other. They need one another. This is a
particularly important idea against the backdrop of economic
troubles we are in today.(NOOYI, I. K. (2009). Leading to the
Future. Vital Speeches of the Day, 75(9), 404).
Other key aspects of her Performance with Purpose are to, tackle
the obesity epidemic by improving the nutritional status of PepsiCo
products and making PepsiCo an environmentally sustainable company.
(http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/principles-management-v1.1/198692).
To help the environment even further, PepsiCo launched a
partnership with Waste Management Inc. to create innovative public
recycling kiosks offering incentives for consumers to deposit empty
bottles and cans
http://blogs.hbr.org/imagining-the-future-of-leadership/2010/05/adding-values-to-valuations-in.html).
Sticking with this agenda, since she received her title of CEO
she has implemented the Pepsi Refresh Program. This program was
developed by Indra Nooyi because she values the communities in
which the company works in and supports. Pepsi, took marketing
funds generally used for expensive Super Bowl TV commercials and
has used them instead for the "Pepsi Refresh" challenge, a
competition to find the best not-for-profit organizations whose
social innovations can solve significant world problems.
(http://blogs.hbr.org/imagining-the-future-of-leadership/2010/05/adding-values-to-valuations-in.html)
Indra is a forward thinker that values hard work and talented
individuals. She does not want PepsiCo to become just another
organization, she wants to leave a footprint on PepsiCos legacy as
not only a major corporation but one that is driven by being
sustainable, being environmental friendly, having a diverse
environment that feels like a family. For instance, Indra states,
The company of the future has to be guided by the fact that it owes
an obligation back to society. The company of the future has to do
better by doing. But I do think that we need to think again about
the legacy we leave. I think we need to embed a culture of
long-term thinking.(NOOYI, I. K. (2009). Leading to the Future.
Vital Speeches of the Day, 75(9), 404)
When it comes to diversity with Indra, it is meant not only in
the sense of people but also in product. PepsiCo along with other
organizations are involved in what are considered unhealthy
products. Some of which, some politicians are trying to tax to
prevent obesity. However, since Indra Nooyi has arrived as CEO,
PepsiCo has merged with Tropicana to help diversify PepsiCo and
incorporate healthy beverages for everyone. Other companies that
are now part of PepsiCo are Quaker Oats and Gatorade.
5Values Internal ConditionsRespectLoyaltyDiversity
Open-minded
When it comes to Indra Nooyi and her values for the internal
workings of PepsiCo, she is very fair and just. She likes to
promote a family atmosphere within the company. She is open to new
ideas and finding new talent to help propel the company to new
heights, not only in business transactions but its contribution to
society. An example of her respect for employees, states, Those who
work with her feel challenged by her high-performance standards and
expectation of excellence. She is not afraid to give people
negative feedbackand with humor, too. She pushes people until they
come up with a solution to a problem and does not take I dont know
for an answer. For example, she insisted that her team find an
alternative to the expensive palm oil and did not stop urging them
forward until the alternative arrived: rice bran oil.
(http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/principles-management-v1.1/198692)
Indra is also well respect because of her leadership qualities
and the values she portrays. Nooyi is well liked and respected
because she listens to those around her, even when they disagree
with her. Her background cuts across national boundaries, which
gives her a true appreciation for diversity, and she expects those
around her to bring their values to
work.(http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/principles-management-v1.1/198692).
Indra knows how valuable all employees are. She recognizes that
even herself is not perfect. She is constantly picking the brains
of past CEOs and executives to get their inputs as she values their
knowledge, experience and what they have contributed to the
company.
Being diversified with the employees is very important to Indra
and the company. She even implements cultural practice to her
everyday tasks. For example, she sends letters to the parents of
her key executives thanking them for their children and telling
them what a great job they do. The idea came to Nooyi after a
return trip to her native India when her mother received guests
praising her for raising such a successful daughter.(Quaratiello,
F. (2011, May 13). PepsiCo boss Indra Nooyi blasts crackdown on
soda, snacks. Boston Herald (MA).
As a very successful leader, Indra Nooyi values many important
qualities that a company like PepsiCo requires. She has implemented
many programs to help make PepsiCo more sustainable for years to
come. She has PepsiCo contributing more to society and surrounding
communities because she understands the contribution they make to
her companys success. She is continually trying to reduce their
environmental footprint by reducing cardboard packaging and using
more recycle products in new products. Family is very important to
Indra and this goes to show as PepsiCo continues to make great
strives in business and the community. She is always open for new
ideas and hearing people speak out on new topics. She has a way of
getting her employees to thing outside the box without making them
uncomfortable. Overall, Indra Nooyi is a very important leader and
her key values have made a instant impact on PepsiCo and how the
organization conducts business.
6PersonalityCharismaticMagnetic Personality that people want to
be around and followGreat Leaders Make you Want to be a Better
PersonVisionClarityConcise CommunicationDrawing Tangible
Connections
HistoryMaintains a stellar rapport with individuals
ConfidenceNot PompousThere is a big Difference
Indra Nooys knows that leadership is hard to define and that
good leadership is even harder. Indra has a nact for rallying
people and getting them to follow her. As a leader she is tough on
herself and in doing so it raises the bar for all of her employees.
There is a fine line here and Indra walks it well. She is a
charismatic leader that exudes a magnetic personality. Using this
charisma, Indra is able to communicate her clear vision to
stakeholders. She has a long history with a stellar record of
proven success. Indra walks with a good confidence that is typical
of strong leaders.
7Decision Making SkillsPerformance With PurposeMake as Much
Profit as PossibleBe Responsible in Doing so
Transformational LeadershipChange in Individuals and Social
SystemsValuable Positive Change
Focus on Conceptual IdeasDevelopment of ConceptImplementation of
Concepts
Indra Nooyi has been one of if not the most successful female
CEOs we have seen in todays industry. After becoming CEO of PepsiCo
in 2006, she capitalizes her style of leadership on a simple phrase
Performance With Purpose. Performance with purpose simply means to
genertate as much profit as possible, but to remain responsible at
the same time. The effort she used to employ this concept can be
highly related to transformational leadership. Through this she was
able to not only inspire her workers, but the public as well. One
very important aspect of Indras leadership style is the fact that
she enables others. Indra encompasses many genuine and empathetic
characteristics that shine through and give her employees a sense
that she cares. She has a great ability to be able to utilize
concepts and relate them to key individuals for implementation.
8Leadership of Organizational CultureInnovation & risk
takingStrategic focus on health & nutrition2000: 11% of $20B
annual sales Good for you (Mellentin, 2011)2010: 21% of $62B annual
sales Good for you (Mellentin, 2011)Good for you Sales increased
600% in decade (Mellentin, 2011)Primary Catalyst Strategic focus on
health & nutrition; aggressive acquisitions Acquired
Wim-Bill-DamRussias largest dairy companyPaid $5.4Bnearly double
value (Mellentin, 2011)Joint venture with AlmaraiSaudi Arabias
largest dairy firm (Mellentin, 2011)Nooyis insightsNutrition offers
the potential of a large fast-growing platform(Mellentin,
2011)Dairy "the next frontier in food and beverage
convenience.(Mellentin, 2011)
9Leadership of Organizational CultureOutcome OrientationMarrying
performance with purpose to ethical concerns (Nooyi,
2009)Understanding partnerships within the community (Nooyi, 2009)A
firms bottom-line is not the only measure of successPrimary
Catalyst Economic downturnLack of public trust in corporate
AmericaThe world is a smaller Nooyis insightsCompanies of the
future have an obligation to give back to society (Nooyi,
2009)Imbed a culture of long-term thinking (Nooyi, 2009)
10
Leadership of follower motivationTransformational vs
transactional leadership(Northouse, 2007)
Transformational leadership factors include:1. Idealized
influence and charisma2. Inspirational motivation3. Intellectual
stimulation4. Individualized consideration
Robbins and Judge (2011) suggest transformational leaders
inspire or motivate followers to transcend their own self-interests
and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on
followers. Dr. Martin Luther King Jrs abilities to express his
moralistic approach to civil rights led followers to a sense of
intrinsic motivation which they developed into a movement that
peacefully became his vision of an effectual nonviolent
direct-action program (King, 1963) (Northouse, 2007). Dr. King
provides one example of an effective transformational leader.
Robbins and Judge (2011) suggest transactional leaders guide or
motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by
clarifying role and task requirements.
Indra Nooyi Pepsicos CEO and her transactional leadership role
that works towards providing transformational leadership qualities.
The Forbes.com list of the 100 most powerful women rates Ms. Nooyi
at number 3 in 2009 (Forbes.com, 2010b) and at number 6 in 2010
(Forbes.com, 2010a). Her work at PepsiCo involves a strong
commitment to diversity and inclusion goals for her company
(PepsiCo, 2010). Ms. Nooyis and PepsiCos goals associated with the
programs Performance with Purpose and Promise of PepsiCo have
achieved success and are listed as ways to make significant
progress towards sustainable growth (PepsiCo, 2010). These programs
include goals of investing in a healthier future for people and the
planet as significant ingredients in PepsiCos business plan
(PepsiCo, 2010).
Recruitment and retention involve strategies represented by
these PepsiCo (2010) programs. Training and mentoring provide
significant employee retention strategies that motivate workers
while assisting with PepsiCos success under Indra Nooyis successful
and continued leadership role (Caas & Sondak, 2010). Proposed
growth at PepsiCo can be achieved with incentives such as training
as one form of reward that may reduce costs by reducing turnover
(Robbins & Coulter, 2009). Transactional Leadership factors
include Northouse, 2007):1. Contingent reward2. Constructive
transactions3. Management by exception involving negative feedback
and corrective criticism. 4. Active and passive leadership5.
Corrective transactions
Overall Success as a LeaderIndra Nooyis Record of SuccessTop of
Fortunes list of Most Powerful Women in Business, 2006-2011Revenues
projected to $60 billion and saving $400 million in costsLeadership
Award for Advancing Diversity
Indra Nooyis Keys for Successful LeadershipPerformance with
PurposeRaised expectations for people, strong organizational
cultureInternational growth, expanded global marketsSustainability
Strategies for Sustained PerformanceHealthy ConsumersSocial
Responsibility5 Cs in SuccessCompetence, Courage & Confidence,
Communication, Compass, Coaching
Indra Nooyis success has been easy to measure, through the
success of her company as well as by awards of recognition named to
her.Fortune Magazines Most Powerful Women 2006 2011, 5 consecutive
yearsCover of Fortune Magazine, March 2008 2011 Revenues to $60
billion, stock prices up, shaving costs from expense line
items(Fortunes Powerful Women, 2011)Leadership Award in Diversity
(Diversity Award, 2008)Chicago United 2008 Bridge Award honoring
exemplary leadership in support of advancing diversity and
inclusion, based on her companys supplier and workforce
diversity
Indra Nooyis Keys for Successful Leadership, Performance with
Purpose Goal: Sustainability and Balance of Product Portfolio- By
2010, 50% of PepsiCos business will be of healthier foodsSold off
less healthy businesses in (KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell)Acquired more
nutritious food and juice makers Tropicana, Quaker Oats, Gatorade,
Naked Juice, SunChipsGood financial sense healthy consumers will
purchase the companys products long-termSustainability strategy
Indra takes a balanced approach to the company offering treats to
healthy eats (Deitsch, 2008). She recognizes the power, as well as
the challenge, of running a packaged food and soft drink company.
She is determined to implement corporate strategies that address
nutrition, healthy living, and green business practices.
One model of Indras is Performance with Purpose (Deitsch, 2008)-
Profit with principles and positive impact on corporate culture
Indra recogizes that people want to work for a morally good
company, demonstrateing social responsibility. Through her focus on
the company products, as well as the legacy of a positive and
morally responsible culture, she has achieved positive results,
including:- profits up, rising stock prices, (10% rise during her
first two years as CEO)Increased focus on international markets
increasing (40% of revenue)
Nooyis 5 Cs in Success (Deitsch, 2008)Competence, Courage &
Confidence, Communication, Compass (moral integrity), Coaching
(mentoring)Indra believes you cant be a coach to others unless you
possess and maintain the first 4 Cs
13Nooyi, Defined as a LeaderSuccessful Leadership Qualities
Integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty Charisma, knowledge,
expertise, judgmentMotivational abilityVisioning ability
Transformational Leadership Incorporates charismatic and
visionary leadership Adapts well to the needs of todays work
groupsRaising people toward collective goals, intrinsic reward and
higher levels of morality
Kouzes and Posner Strategies for Practicing Exemplary
LeadershipChallenge the Process Inspire a Shared VisionEncourage
the HeartEnable Others to ActModel the Way
Successful Leadership Qualities Robbins & Judge (2011) -
Integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty Northouse (2011) -
Charisma, knowledge, expertise, judgmentPierce & Newstrom
(2011) - Visioning and motivational abilities to unite people with
a sense of purpose, unity and a common directionIntegration with
Indras 5 Cs: Competence, Courage & Confidence, Communication,
Compass, Coaching
Indra demonstrates Transformational Leadership Incorporating
charismatic and visionary leadership (Northouse, 2010)Her style
adapts well to the needs of todays work groupsWith emphasis on
intrinsic motivation, follower development and empowerment (Bass
& Riggio, 2006)Transformational Leadership occurs when people
raise one another to higher levels of motivation and morality,
(Bass as cited by Kouzes & Posner, 2002). Indra makes this a
priority of her leadership at PepsiCo.
As the name implies, transformational leadership moves and
changes people, raising the level of motivation of an entire group,
challenging a status quo, raising awareness and values, and causing
great change. Indra Nooyi demonstrates transformational leadership,
motivating people to embrace her business, diversity and
sustainability goals. She transcends her individual interests for a
greater collective purpose and to establish a strong legacy.
Kouzes and Posner Strategies for Practicing Exemplary Leadership
(Northouse, 2011)Challenge the Process = Successful business goal
for renewed customer service models Healthy consumers are consumers
for longer lives.Inspire a Shared Vision = Sustainability
Initiatives for sustained performance. Half of Pepsis business
providing healthier options.Encourage the Heart = Corporate
Responsibility, community, green, healthyEnable Others to Act =
Motivating people, bringing to a higher level of performanceModel
the Way = Clarifying Personal and Professional Goals, Promoting her
5 Cs Competence, Courage & Confidence, Communication, Compass,
CoachingMentoring others, knowing they will seek her out as their
mentor if she maintains commitment to the 1st 4 Cs
14ConclusionIndra Nooyi, CEO PepsiCo.Leadership of diversity
practicesLeadership values Personality and
decision-makingLeadership of organizational cultureLeadership of
follower motivationOverall success as a leader
Leadership of Diversity Practices Indra demonstrates a strong
commitment to diversity, in management, through suppliers, in the
companys products, and personally, as a mentor to others.Leadership
Values Performance with PurposePersonality and Decision-Making
Charismatic personality, ability to motivate others toward her
performance with purpose goals.Leadership of Organizational Culture
Indra places a high importance on corporate culture, social
responsibility and lifting people up to a higher purposeLeadership
of follower motivation By focusing on the legacy of her company,
Indra motivates her followers to reach higher goals, increasing
intrinsic rewards for her employeesOverall Success as a Leader
Indra embraces and practices strong, tranformational leadership
qualities.
Through stated and demonstrated leadership values, Indra Nooyi
has become one of the most powerful leaders of one of the largest
food and beverage companies in the world. Her continued focus on
her companys purpose, as well as her employees performance, firmly
establishes her a model of great leadership.15ReferencesAdvameg,
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