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The concept of additive colour theory was developed around 1690 by Sir Isaac Newton who discovered that white sunlight passing through a prism split into different wavelengths of light - the colours of the spectrum.
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Colour Wheel
Hue
pure colour
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primary colours Next
primary colours
primarycolours can be found
equally spaced onthe twelve partcolour wheel
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secondary colours
each secondarycolour is a mixture of two primary colours
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complementary colours
Complementarycolours can be found
opposite each other onthe twelve partcolour wheel
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complementary colours
complementary coloursprovide maximum
visual contrastof hue
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complementary colours
The sum of any twoprimary colours makesthe complement of the
remaining primary
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analogous colours
colours which areclose to each other on
the colour wheel
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analogous colours
colours harmoniseeasily and are
pleasing to the eye
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analogous colours
they can include tones,tints and shades
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split complementary colours
this complementaryvariation introducesslight variations of
the contrastingcolour
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split complementary colours
using adjacentcolours to theopposite hue
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split complementary colours
the effectis vibrant and exciting
but less harsh thantwo straight
complementary colours
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Tints
Colour + white
hue
Hue +white
Hue +more white
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shades
Colour + black
hue
Hue +black
Hue +more black
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tones
colour + greyhue
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hue
70% tint
50% tint
30% tint
+light grey
+dark grey
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simultaneous contrast
of tone
the same grey, shown as a central square, gives
the illusion of being lighter set against a dark tone
and darker when set against a light tone
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simultaneous contrast
the same effect occurs when the same grey
is set against colours of different value
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simultaneous contrast
of colour
The same grey is shown against a different background colour
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look at the central spot
after a few seconds the same grey has the illusionof appearing different in colour - taking on a complementary hue of its background colour
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simultaneous contrast
of colour
The same yellow is shown against a different background colour
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look at the central spot
after a few seconds the same yellow has the illusionof appearing different in colour - it appears more intense set against a contrasting hue
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successive contrast
look at the central spot and try to remain fixed on it until the screen changes
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successive contrast
the complementary colour appears as an afterillusion as your eyes adjusted to the loss of colour
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successive contrast
try the illusion againwhat colour will appear?
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purple / mauve
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subtractive colour
i.e. using colour pigments
primary colours
red
yellow blue
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subtractive colour
secondary colours
two pigment primaries mixed together create a secondary colour
purpleorange
green
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subtractive colour
secondary coloursWhen mixing paint it is often proves difficult to mix an intense
colour hue using the traditional primaries. Some colours appear dull.
purpleorange
green
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subtractive colour
secondary colours
purpleorange
green
Red and yellow, mixed, create a good orange in this example,
but purple and green appear dull
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printing primary colours
yellow
magenta
cyan
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to reproduce the widest range of colours printersuse four process colours - magenta, yellow and cyan + black
yellow
magenta
cyan
+ black
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printing primariesprinting primaries mixed together create good secondary colours
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theoretically, all are mixed to create black but in practice this is impossible to achieve
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thus black is printed as an additional colour to provide definition and depth