Intro Histo Male Genital

8/12/2019 Intro Histo Male Genital

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HISTOLOGY DEPARTMENT

MEDICAL FACULTY

BANDUNG ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY

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1. Internal genitalia : testes ,Glands and ducts (produce

and transport the spermatozoa and the seminal fluid)

2. External genitalia : penis, scrotum

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Urethra

Penis

Corpus cavernosumof the penis

Corpus cavernosumof the urethra

Prepuce

Glans penis

Testicular lobules

Tunica albuginea

Tunica vaginalis

Tubuli recti Rete testis

Bladder

Prostate

Ampulla

Seminal vesicle

Ejaculatoryduct

Ductus deferens

Ductusepididymidis

Ductuliefferentes

Epididymis

Mediastinumtestis

Bulbourethralgland

Diagram of the

male genital system

(shown in color).The testis and the

epididymis are

shown in different

scales than the

other parts of the

reproductive

system. Observe

the communication

between the

testicular lobules.





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Seminal vesicles

Prostate glands

Bulbourethral glands

Glands of Littre

2. Accessory Glands



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Convoluted seminiferous tubules

Tubuli recti

Rete testis

Ductuli efferentes

Ducts

1. Intratesticular ducts



Penis and scrotum

External Genitalia

Ductus epididymidisDuctus deferens

Ejaculatory duct

Urethra

2. Excretory Genital Ducts



a. Tunica vaginalis

Double layered mesothelial sac, covers the

anterior surface of each testis

b. Tunica albuginea

Dense fibrous connective tissue capsule

Thickens along posterior surfacemediastinum testis

Testes

1. External Covering



TESTES

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a. Septa : Extension oftunica albuginea, 250

lobules

b. Lobules

2. Internal Structure



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Each long : 40 –70 cm, convoluted, packed into small space.

The walls composed of 3 layers :

a. Tunica propria

Fibrous connective tissue + fibroblasts

Innermost layers : contractile myoid cells

Seminiferous Tubule

1. General Structure



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b. Basal lamina

Between tunica propria and seminiferous epithelium

c. Seminiferous epithelium

Spermatogenic cells

Sertoli cells

Seminiferous Tubule



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Diagram of the structure of part of a seminiferous tubule and

interstitial tissue. This figure does not show the lymphaticvessels found in the connective tissue.

Latespermiogenesis

Initial spermiogenesis

Meiosis

Basal lamina

Fibroblast

Interstitial cells

Cytoplasmicbridges

Earlyspermatids

Secondaryspermatocytes

Primaryspermatocytes

Spermatogonium



SPERMATOGENESIS

These changes involve flattening of the nucleus, formationof an acrosome which resembles a large lysosome,

growth of a flagellum (tail) from the basal body,

reorganization of the mitochondria in the midpiece region,

and shedding of unneeded cytoplasm as a residual body.

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a. Spermatogonia

Small round cells,

near the basal lamina

Round nucleus +

Heterochromatin

2. Spermatogenic Cells

b P i t t



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b. Primary spermatocytes

Closer to the lumen thanspermatogonium

Largest germ cells

Large round nucleus, heterochromatin



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c. Secondary spermatocytes

Closer to lumen than primary spermatocytes

Half size

Rare

d Spermatids



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d. Spermatids

Products of second meiotic division

located next to the lumen.

Small cells :

Dark heterochromatic nuclei



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e. Spermatozoa

Result of spermiogenesis

In lumenLong flagella



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MesodermElongated, branched,pyramidal epithelialcells

Cytoplasmic enfolding

Bound tightly toneighboring

supporting cells

occluding junction.

3. Supporting Sertoli Cells



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Oval outline

Long 4 – 5 m

Mostly nucleus

2/3 anterior nucleus covered by acrosome

Structure of Mature Spermatozoa

1. Head



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Enveloped by plasma membrane

Middle piece : 5 – 7 m

mitochondrial arranged end to end inhelical sheath around flagellum

• Principal piece

• Outer fibrous sheath with dorsal andventral longitudinal columns• Flagellum

• End piece

Lacks fibrous sheath

2. Tail

I t titi l C ll (L di )



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Mesoderm

Secrete :testosterone

Vascular nests ofpale acidophilic cellsin loose connectivetissue between the

seminiferoustubules

Interstitial Cells (Leydig)



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Protects the developing sperm fromdamage by an autoimmune response. Thebarriers consists of a continuous belt of

junctional complexes joining the sertolicells at their lateral surfaces.

G. Blood – Testis Barrier



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From tubuli recti ejaculatory duct urethra

III. DUCT SYSTEM

A. Intratesticular Genital Duct

1. Tubuli Recti

Only Sertoli cells

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Dense connective tissue



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2. Rete Testis

Anastomosing networkMediastinum testis

Low cuboidal epithelium



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3. Ductuli Efferentes

Walls :

Epithelium

Simple cuboidal : absorb fluid

Ciliated columnar cells : Cilia sweep

spermatozoa

Smooth muscle

The ductules form the head of the epididymis

10 – 20 ducts



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SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, STRAIGHT TUBULES,RETE TESTIS AND DUCTULI EFFERENTES

1. Seminiferous

tubules

2. Straighttubules

3. Connectivetissue ofmediastinum

4. Rete testistubules

5. Ductuliefferentes(efferentductules

6. Rete testistubules



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Single, coiled 4 – 6 m long tube

Comprises the body and tail epididymis

Epithelium : pseudostratified columnar +stereocilia

Circular smooth muscle

Function : - Maturation of sperm

- Absorption

- Secretion (glycoprotein)

- Sperm storage

B. Excretory Genital Duct

1. Ductus Epididymidis



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1. Connectivetissue

2. Cross sectionsof the ductusepididymidis

3. Basementmembrane

4. Pseudostratifiedcolumnarepithelium withstereocilia

5. Sectionthrough of U-bend of theductusepididymidis

6. Epididymalwall cuttangentially

7. Smoothmuscle fibers

8. Stereocilia

9. Columnar cells

10. Basal cell

Ductus Epididymidis (Duct of the Epididymis)



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Straight tube with thickmuscular walls

Longitudinal mucosal fold

Pseudostratifiedcolumnar epithelial +stereocilia

Three layer smooth

muscle

Termination : ampulla

2. Ductus Deferens



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1. Outerlongitudinalmuscle layer

2. Circularmuscle layer

3. Innerlongitudinalmuscle layer

4. Nerve andblood vesselsin theadventitious

5. Lamina propria

6. Longitudinal crestof lamina propria

7. Epithelium

8. Adipose tissue

Ductus Deferens (Transverse section)



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Short 2 cm/long

Epithelium,pseudostratifiedcolumnar

Penetrates prostate

empty to prostaticurethra

3. Ejaculatory Duct



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SEMINAL VESICLE

PROSTATE GLAND

BULBO URETHRAE GLANDS (COWPER’S

GLAND)

LITTRE’S GLAND

IV. ACCESSORY GENITAL DUCTS



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Paired

Each consist of two highly coiled 15 cm long

tubes

Mucosa : highly folded

Pseudostratified low columnar epithelium

A. Seminal Vesicle



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Secretory product : thick yellowish liquid rich

in fructose

Make up 70% human ejaculate

Smooth muscle : underlying the lamina

propria



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Seminal Vesicle

4. Glandularepithelium

5. Primary fold inthe mucosa

6. Secondary folds

7. Lamina propria

1. Crypts in themucosa

2. Muscular coat

3. Adventitia



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B. Prostate Gland

Largest male accessory sex glands30 – 50 compound tubuloalveolar glands

The glands of the prostate are collected into

three major groups

Mucosal glands

Submucosal glands

Main glands

Drained by a discreteductal systemprostatic urethra



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Mucosa : folded, epithelium varies from tall

cuboidal to pseudostratified columnar.Produces : fluid, rich in citric acid and acid

phosphatase, amylase

Surrounded by fibroelastic capsule containingsmooth muscle capsule

Characteristic :

Corpora amylacea in lumen

Composed of glycoprotein calcified



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Submucosalglands

Diagram illustrating the position of the

prostatic glands



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4. Glandularepithelium

5. Ducts

6. Smoothmuscle fibers

7. Capillary andvenule

1. Prostaticconcretions

2. Glandularalveoli

3. Glandularducts

Prostate Gland

C Bulbo Urethral Glands



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Located within the musculature of the pelvicdiaphragm

Lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium

Their secretion consists of a clear, mucus-likematerial ducts empty into membranous urethra

C. Bulbo Urethral Glands(Cowper’s Glands)



V PENIS

2 CORPORA CAVERNOSUS

CORVUS SPONGIOSUM46



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Two dorsal erectile cylinders

Deep arterySheathed by tunica albuginea (thickdense connective tissue)

Spaces of erectile tissue : largest inthe central region

V. PENIS

A. Consists of three cylindric bodies of spongyerectile tissue surrounded by a looseconnective tissue sheath and covered byhairless thin skin.

1. Corpora Cavernous



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Drawing of a transverse section of the penis

Corpus

cavernosumof the penis

Erectiletissue

Corpuscavernosum

of the urethra

Urethra

Dorsalarteries

Superficialdorsal vein

Deep dorsal

vein

Tunicaalbuginea

Deep artery



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Single, smaller

Ventral cylinder

Surrounded by a thinnerconnective tissue sheath

Expanded distal tip glanspenis

Spaces of erectile tissue :uniform size

2. Corpus Spongiosum(Corpus Cavernosum Urethra)



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Intro Histo Male Genital

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