Slide 1 Revolution in China and Communist China (How does this compare with the Russian Revolution and Stalin’s Soviet Union) This presentation relies heavily on a power point created by Dan McDowell. Teaching Point, ©2003
Slide 1
Revolution in Chinaand Communist China
(How does this compare with the Russian Revolution and Stalin’s
Soviet Union)
This presentation relies heavily on a power point created by Dan McDowell. Teaching Point, ©2003
Slide 2
Background
• Manchu / Qing Dynasty maintained limited power while other nations held major concessions in the 20th century.
Slide 3
QING DYNASTY FELL• Rural & urban
workers, nationalists, communists, and intellectuals protested against the government.
• The dynasty fell in 1911 and a weak provisional government took its place.
• 1911 – 1925 Chinese Republic
Slide 4
CIVIL WAR 1925-1937• After the provisional government of the
Republic failed, the NATIONALISTS led by Chiang Kai-shek, the COMMUNISTS led by Mao Zedong, and various WARLORDS began a CIVIL WAR for control of China
Slide 5
Mao Zedong
• Led the army in developing guerilla warfare tactics to fight the Nationalists and later the Japanese
Slide 6
1937 – Japan invaded China• Communists &
Nationalists fought the Japanese “separately together”.
• Communists were more effective in their guerilla war against the Japanese.
Slide 7
Civil War Continued 1945-1949
• The West supported the Nationalist Army and the USSR sent some support to Mao
Slide 8
Communist Victory
1949 • the Communists
founded the People’s Republic of China.
Slide 9
China under Communism• Foreigners were
kicked out• Redistribution of land
by the government• Industrialization
began• Women gained power
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Mao consolidated power• Many who were
nationalists, upper-class, or dissidents were imprisoned in forced labor camps or killed.
Mao Zedong“Communism is not love.
Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy.”
“The danger of democracy lies in the fact that it wrecks the Communist Party organization and weakens or even completely undermines the Party's fighting capacity.”
Slide 15
Social Class Changes• Wealthy upper class
(including ruling aristocracy) was removed.
• Landowning class was destroyed.
• Intellectuals attacked
Slide 16
Great Leap Forward 1950s-• Mao’s government took
control of all the land.• Started “back yard
industrialization”
Great Leap Forward
• The plan failed miserably – famine caused over 20 million deaths in rural areas, steel production dropped drastically.
BOTH USSR and CHINA
• Totalitarian government and leader– TOTAL control of all of the gov, econ, culture
• LAND collectivization /Industrialization• “gains” in industrialization & women’s status• Millions of political “opponents” imprisoned
and/or executed• Millions died in famines• U.S. and its allies are enemies
Slide 18