Internship Report Management Information Systems

Internship Report [Husnain Afzal] mc060401747 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Management Information Systems

Internship Report

On

Vivo Hydro Technologies

Pure water for pure life

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Submitted by

Name: Husnain Afzal

ID: mc060401747

Session: Fall 2008.

Submission Date: 30/01/09

Virtual University of Pakistan,

Defense Road off Raiwind Road,

Lahore.

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Dedication

I dedicate my project to my Parents, to

my Teachers and to my Friends.

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Acknowledgement

All praises to ALLAH Almighty, who guides us when we find no direction and light in

the trackless desert of life. I am grateful to Almighty ALLAH, the beneficent and the

merciful for His kindness to me in every sphere of life and who blessed me with the

opportunity, courage and determination to accomplish this humble contribution towards

knowledge.

I faced a lot of difficulties during the development of internship report. But ALLAH gave

me a lot of patience and due to the continuous encouragement of my friends and other

people concerned; I was able to complete this task.

Only the Almighty ALLAH knows how much difficulties and hardships I have faced

during my degree program. But I am confident and I had a very firm belief in ALLAH

that the Almighty can never waste my hard work.

I wish to express my gratitude to my instructors who generously helped me to complete

this Internship report.

I am highly thankful to the valuable suggestions, comments and skilful thoughts given by

the concerned authorities of VHT for the achievement of our goal. It is not possible to

express my appreciation of the help and guideline afforded me by the management of

VHT. This is only due to their guidance and encouragement that I have been able to

complete my internship. Their advice and suggestions helped me to improve the quality

of my report.

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Executive Summary

Internship was my first step in practical life, through which I learnt a lot and it has aided

me in being well equipped with valuable experience that would help me once I enter the

professional life almost after the completion of my studies. (In the last semester of

MBA) from 15th of the November 2008 to 10th of the January 2009.I worked in Vivo

Hydro Technologies as an internee. My association with this company was being a part

of the Information Technology Department. It was a great experience for me and it

helped me in realizing where my potential lies. What I learnt at VHT over the weeks was

how to get along with the people that I have to work with everyday, building

relationships with people, building confidence and improving my

communication skills. This internship has also prepared me for my future career in

Information Technology so this internship has helped me a great deal. The experience

has taught me responsibility, teamwork and how to handle people in tough social

situations. Even though the nature of work was quite basic as an internee but I learnt a

lot for my upcoming professional life and find the internship in the best benefit of

myself. I got training in the IT department and develop an IS first time in my life so that

was the maiden attempt towards my future in IT.

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Internship Certificate

The Internship Certificate has been sent to Instructor MISI619

via postal mail on 13th of the January.

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Evaluation Form

The Evaluation Form has been sent to Instructor MISI619 via

postal mail on 13th of the January.

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Table of Contents

Sr. # Topic. Page. #

1. Introduction of the sector. 11

2. Overview of the organization. 18

2.1 Brief history of the organization. 18

2.2 Nature of the organization. 21

2.3 Business volume. 26

2.4 Product lines. 28

2.5 Competitors. 54

3. Organizational structure. 55

3.1 Organizational hierarchy chart. 56

3.2 Number of employees. 57

3.3 Main offices. 57

3.4 Introduction of all departments. 58

3.5 Comments on the organizational structure. 61

4. Plan of internship program. 63

4.1 Brief introduction of the branch. 63

4.2 Starting and ending dates of internship. 64

4.3 Description of the department in which I worked. 68

5. Training program. 70

6. Structure of the MIS/IT department. 72

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6.1 Department hierarchy. 72

6.2 MIS/IT department. 73

6.3 MIS/IT operations. 73

7. Functions of the MIS/IT department. 74

7.1 Major functions. 74

7.2 Support to other departments. 86

8. Critical analysis. 87

8.1 Requirement Analysis. 87

8.2 Data gathering. 92

8.3 System design. 94

8.4 Implementation. 97

9. SWOT analysis. 99

10. Conclusion & recommendations for improvement. 104

11. Reference & sources used. 106

12. Annexes. 107

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1. Introduction of the sector

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The sector introduction phase of my report constitutes the fact sheet of water in

Pakistan. It includes how we the people spoil it. How our factories contaminates it. How

our leather tanneries adds toxins to it. The organization in which I do my internship is

related to the water sector of Pakistan. The second phase of introduction is about the

organization.

Fresh water is fundamental to the survival of humans and most other land-based life

forms. Ninety seven per cent of the earth's water is the salt water of oceans and seas.

Most of the remaining 3 per cent is in polar ice caps, glaciers, the atmosphere or

underground and hard to reach. Only 0.4 per cent is available for use. This water supply

is maintained by water evaporating from oceans and lakes and then falling to the earth as

rain in a process called the ‘water cycle’ created by the Almighty ALLAH. However,

growing population, increased economic activity and industrialization has resulted in an

increased demand for fresh water. In addition, rapid urbanization is changing patterns of

consumption. This has caused a severe misuse of water resources. Discharging untreated

sewage and chemical wastes directly into rivers, lakes and drains has become a

traditional habit. Water bodies can no longer cope with the increasing pollution load. In

Pakistan, water is mainly used for industrial, agricultural and domestic purposes.

The following table shows percentage of water consumption for every use.

Purpose Percentage

Agriculture 69%

Industry 23%

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Domestic 8%

Since most water is being used by the agricultural sector, irrigation can cause water

logging and salinity. This happens when the water table rises close to the surface of the

soil. If plants do not use this water, it evaporates, leaving salts behind. Even in

uncultivated, barren lands, a water table within 2 meters of the surface can cause salinity

in the soil. If irrigation water containing high levels of contaminants evaporates, it can

result in damage to the soil. The Punjab province draws its major share of drinking water

from the natural ground water aquifer. Ground water becomes contaminated when

chemicals from surface water seep into soil and come in contact with the flowing

groundwater. The movement of groundwater is through open spaces in soil and rock

layers, which is usually very slow, indicating a very low dilution of contaminants.

According to WHO, groundwater of Lahore up to 700-ft deep has been seriously

contaminated and should not be used for human consumption. In 1989, pollution was

found to a depth of 300-ft, and to 500-ft in 1992.

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The ground water pollution:

Municipal Sewage:

Municipal sewage is a major source of pollution. About 2 million wet tones of human

excreta are annually produced in the urban sector of which around 50% go into water

bodies to pollute them. National Conservation Strategy (NCS) states that almost 40% of

deaths are related to water borne diseases. Domestic wastewater collects on the streets

and in low-lying areas. The situation is further aggravated by the addition of untreated

wastes from small-scale industries. In Pakistan, drinking water supply lines and open

sewage drains in the streets are laid side by side. As a result, water is frequently

contaminated when pipes erode. Most main sewers are between 30-50ft below ground

level and are made of 10ft cement sections linked without proper safety seals. Poor

connections combined with deteriorating low quality sewer pipes cause a lot of leakage.

This outflow from sewer mixes with the water table and the contamination is carried to

deeper levels. Hence the ground water which is considered safe becomes adulterated

with everything from PCBs, lead, cyanides, mercury, solvents, hydrocarbon compounds,

hospital and pharmaceutical industry waste. Ravi teems with toxic industrial effluent and

untreated domestic sewage as soon as it enters Pakistan. This has made it literally a large

open sewer.

Industries:

Industrial wastewater contains toxic chemicals. It is alarming that most industries have

been started without proper planning and waste treatment plants. They just dispose of

untreated toxic waste into nearby drains, canals or rivers. Lahore, Faisalabad, Karachi,

Sialkot contribute major pollution loads into their water bodies.

According to an EPD source, 9000 million gallons of wastewater having 20,000 tons of

BOD5 loading are daily discharged into water bodies from the industrial sector.

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[Proceedings of International Symposium by CEWR in 1993, Paper by M.A. Saleem].

Automobile service stations are another major contributor to surface water pollution.

Untreated oil, grease and dirt find its way into nearby canals and rivers where it damages

the ecosystem.

The uncontrolled discharge of untreated effluent from tanneries is a growing problem in

Pakistan's leather industry. With exports of tanned leather increasing as a consequence of

more stringent environmental controls curtailing the process in Western countries, severe

environmental degradation is occurring as untreated effluent is released into nearby

water reservoirs and the sea. With scarce land resources, pollution also affects large

numbers of people who live close to the tanneries. The effluent contaminates the sea as

well as the inland water supply, and pollution of the water supply in turn affects the food

supply for the population. Moreover, much of the country is subjected to the air

pollution caused by burning tannery residuals into the atmosphere. All these forms of

pollution have detrimental effects on the health of the Pakistan population. Leather

tanneries in Pakistan produce three categories of waste: wastewater, solid waste and air

emissions, of which wastewater is by far the most important environmental challenge.

Although the exact quantity varies widely between tanneries, a normal requirement of

around 50-60 liters of water per kilogram of hide is suggested. Some tanneries in

Pakistan consume as much as three times this amount of water. The current practice is to

discharge the water into the local environment without any treatment.

Landfills & Leaching:

Leaching is the process where chemicals from a material dissolve into water while it is

being filtered through that material. The resulting mixture is called leach ate consisting

of residues from decomposed organic matter and metals. Major contributors to leach ate

are municipal solid waste, hospital waste, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, stagnant

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ponds, toxic industrial waste, and sewage. Rusting cans, discarded batteries and

appliances, paints, pesticides, cleaning fluids, newspaper inks, and other chemicals may

also add to the toxic mixture of leach ate.

Agriculture:

Excessive and uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides promotes

contaminated agricultural run off. This not only pollutes the surface drains but the water

trickling down to lower layers of soil causes a severe contamination of the natural

aquifer. Over abstraction of groundwater prompts recharge from the surface water

drains, which themselves are severely contaminated.

Water pollution and the humans:

The WHO reports that 25-30% of all hospital admissions are connected to water borne

bacterial and parasitic conditions, with 60% of infant deaths caused by water infections.

The long-term effects on human health of pesticides and other pollutants include colon

and bladder cancer, miscarriage, birth defects, deformation of bones, and sterility.

Contamination of fresh water with radionuclide, which can result from mining, testing,

disposal and manufacturing of radioactive material, as well as transportation accidents,

has led to increased incidences of cancer, developmental abnormalities and death.

Cesspools of stagnant dirty water, both in rural and urban areas, account for a large

number of deaths caused by potentially fatal diseases like cholera, malaria, dysentery

and typhoid. Nitrate concentration in water above 45mg/l makes it unfit for drinking by

infants. The nitrates are reduced in body to nitrites and cause a serious blood condition

called the "Blue Baby Syndrome". Higher concentrations of nitrate cause gastric cancer.

Untreated and highly toxic industrial sewage is also used for irrigation near major cities.

This can contaminate crops and consequently affect consumers.

Water pollution and our environment:

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Karachi’s untreated wastewater from domestic sewage and industrial estates is

discharged into the Layari and Malir rivers, which fall into the Arabian Sea. This waste

has begun to pose a serious threat to the marine environment, as the channel water is

contaminated not only with bacteria but also with toxic chemicals. Water pollution also

extends a savage threat to wildlife of Pakistan. Animals drink water out of polluted water

bodies, ailing ponds, rivers and streams. This sickens the animals and some may even

die. Oil spills kill thousands of fish in oceans. Extreme pollution of river Ravi has

destroyed the once existing 42 species of fish and the bird life around the river has

migrated to other areas. Survival of small invertebrates, micro fauna and flora is also

threatened.

WHO’s point of view:

WHO has focused its attention on the issues of urban and industrial pollution? It

provides assistance to the industrial sector in reducing polluted discharges into air, water

and soil. The world health organization enhances capacity of industrial sector so that

they can implement environmental solutions. In this regard, training workshops have

been organized on the subjects of industrial waste management and waste minimization

technology. To promote environmental awareness of water pollution issues, a water

pollution monitoring kit (mobile laboratory) was developed by WHO and launched in

the four provinces of Pakistan. The kit is easy to use and is fabricated using cost

effective material. It is capable of monitoring 14 pollutants.

Kasur Tanneries Pollution Control Project:

The Kasur Tanneries Pollution Control Project is helping to reduce the environmental

damage caused by tannery waste. It also aims to improve tanners' technical and

managerial skills and promote environmental awareness among the population to ensure

the long-term sustainability of the industry. In Kasur waste discharge from tanneries

pollutes the air, soil, surface water and underground water, causing serious health

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problems because they lie within and around residential areas. Respiratory disorders,

diarrhea, dysentery and typhoid. Are the most serious illnesses among the community?

The presence of toxic compounds especially compounds of chromium, represents real

danger to the health of the population nearby. The World Health Organization (WHO)

sets the standard permitted toxic level in drinking water at 0.05 parts per million or ppm.

In Kasur, the level was found to be over 2 ppm, representing a serious health risk to the

local community. Water in the local river consists of domestic sewage and wastewater

from the tanning industry, which farmers use for irrigation, watering the buffaloes and

washing clothes. In order to save the environment, prevent the spread of diseases and

remove the stench, industrial waste from 230 tanneries in the city is now being treated.

2. Overview of the organization

2.1 History of the Water Treatment Industry and VHT:

History of Water treatment industry in Pakistan:

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The history of water treatment industry in Pakistan is not so old. It was

introduced in almost 1998. The European Union and W.H.O’s (World

Health Organization) Restrictions on Pakistani leather industry, Sports

industry and surgical industry gave birth to this industry in northern

Punjab. The northern Punjab includes Sialkot, Lahore, Kasur, Narowal etc.

In this particular scenario the European Union only allowed those industries

to export their finished goods to Europe who have waste water treatment

units. Before this nobody knew about the water treatment industry. So at the

end of 1997 the water treatment industry was introduced in Pakistan.

But it started its operations in 1998.The name of the company was So Safe.

Since 1998 many water treatment industries were born. At present there are

almost 125 registered companies in Pakistan operating at different

levels. Now at present time there is also a great awareness of drinking pure

and clean water in general public.

From 1998-2008. The water treatment industry has gained its importance

across the country. But the problem is still there that currently Pakistan is

not able to produce Water Filtration systems such as reverse osmosis,

ultraviolet rays etc. These advance instruments are imported from different

countries of the world such as Japan, Malaysia, Germany, U.S.A, England,

and France. Thus it is too expensive. So the cottage industry in Punjab

(Sialkot, Gujranwala, Kasur, Faisalabad etc.) is not able to purchase it. The

Government of Pakistan has taken many steps to reduce the cost of filtration

system such as by removing import duties on Filtration and Treatment

equipment.

Pakistan's leather industry is one of the major foreign exchange earners for

the country. About 90% of its products are exported in finished form.

During 1996-97, the production of leather was about 14.3 million m 2and

export earning amounted to US$ 642 million. There are some 600

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tanneries in the formal sector and an equally large number of tanneries

in the informal sector. The chrome tanning method is the most widely used

process in Pakistan's leather sector. However, the vegetable tanning method

and a combination of chrome and vegetable tanning is also applied. The

process includes a number of different steps during which large quantities of

water and chemicals are applied to the skins. About 130 different chemicals

are used in leather processing, depending on the type of raw material used

and finished product. These may be divided into four major classes:

pretanning chemicals, tanning chemicals, wet finishing chemicals and

finishing chemicals. Groundwater is used as the major source of water in

Pakistan's leather industry.

Leather tanneries in Pakistan produce all three categories of waste:

wastewater, solid waste and air emissions. However, wastewater is by far

the most important environmental challenge being faced by Pakistan's

tanneries. Wastewater: Although the exact quantity varies widely between

tanneries, a normal requirement of around 50-60 liters of water per

kilogram of hide is suggested. ETPI's sample audits of tanneries in

Pakistan show that in some cases the consumption of water is as high as

three times the suggested requirement. The overall water discharge also

demonstrates a high degree of seasonal and daily fluctuation. For most part,

the current practice is to discharge this water into the local environment

without any treatment. Tannery wastewater is highly polluted and the

contamination observed is many times beyond the limits.

Another which also produces contaminated water is surgical sector of

Silakot which also produces a great amount of untreated waste water. In

surgical sector the most dangerous chemicals which are used during

processing are Triclone, H2SO4 (Sulphuric Acid) etc. But the surgical

sector remains unaffected from the European Union restrictions. It is the

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need of the hour that Government of Pakistan pays attention towards this

sector also. As there is a lot of coverage in media about tanneries but the

surgical factories are still unveiled.

So to treat this is very expensive. At present there is good news for the

leather sector that China has also introduced its water filtration system

which works equally to all other filtration equipments but its cost is very

cheep. The difference is about 1.8 million rupees. Price of water treatment

system imported from Germany is about Rs.4500, 000 . And the price of

water filtration system imported from China is about Rs.1800, 000. This is

amazing.

The Major companies which are operating in Pakistan that provide

services for water treatment at various levels are So Safe, Vivo Hydro

Technologies, Aqua Safe, Pearl Water Treatments, Pure it, Water

World, PureInc. (Origin U.S.A) Igloo Water Treatment. Arctica Pure

water (Origin Newzee Land), Fluid Technologies international.

At present the water treatment industry in Pakistan is about 2.9 billion

dollars.

Karachi the biggest industrial city of Pakistan has also the same problems as

in Punjab. The drinking water problems are more severe in Sindh rather than

Punjab. But the good news is that now our government in Pakistan

considered this problem a major problem of Pakistan and different

organizations of Pakistan are now working with the Government to make the

situation better. The Government of Peoples Republic of China also helped

a lot Pakistan to mitigate this problem. Now the public, industries and many

other organizations related to water are more aware about this problem.

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We can also make an assessment that from 1997 to 2008 we have more than

a hundred companies working in this field. And we can say that if we the

people, the private sector and the Government will continue to work in this

Area one day we will be in a position to tell the world that our leather

industries produces treated water and we are a responsible nation.

2.2 VHT and the Nature of VHT:

Vivo Hydro Technologies was founded in 2005 with the motto of “Pure

Water for Pure Life”. By nature it is a private services providing

company founded by Mr. Moazzam Elahi (CEO) of the company. The

company is based on water engineering.

Vivo Hydro Technologies carries a wide variety of point of entry filter units ranging

from Water softeners, carbon filtration, and iron removal filters as well as point of use

drinking water systems for residential, commercial and industrial applications. This

includes the best selling residential Reverse Osmosis units. The company caters to the

water aware consumers who have the need for pure clean water. Our professional staff

will help you match your needs to our high quality and competitively priced products.

The company uses different brands for installation such as Phillips, L.G. Etc. A complete

list is given below.

The Company has three divisions.

Domestic.

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Commercial.

Industrial.

The Domestic division is responsible for home filtration systems such as

drinking water filtration system, and RO (Reverse Osmosis) systems for

swimming pools. The systems installed in this category provide 30 GPD to

1000 GPD. Of water.

The Commercial division is responsible for larger filtration systems and

these are installed in Hotels, Schools, Colleges and Factories etc. The filters

at commercial level have capacity of 1500 GPD to 3000 GPD.

And finally the industrial division is responsible for the installation of

waste water treatments. This includes waste water treatment in industries.

Industries produces thousands of gallons during production process so for

this area industrial water treatments are installed which have a capacity of

5000 GPD to 100,000 GPD.

Industrial water treatment is the major area of business for the company.

Vivo Hydro Technologies has three branches and a head office.

A list of branches is given below.

Vivo Hydro Technologies Kasur Branch.

Vivo Hydro Technologies Sialkot Branch.

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Vivo Hydro Technologies Lahore Branch.

Vivo Hydro technologies Narowal Branch.

The Head office of the company is located in Sialkot where I completed my

internship. Kasur branch installs water treat plants in industries and the

other three branches are responsible for Domestic and Commercial as well

as industrial treatment systems.

Corporate Strategy of the company:

We at Vivo Hydro Technologies provide different types of water treatment services

consistently with high quality, according to the demanding requirements of the water

treatment industry. Our strategy is to be competitive in the market through quality and

efficient operations. As a responsible member of the community, we are committed to

serve the interest of all our stakeholders and contribute towards the prosperity of the

country.

Mission Statement of the company:

Our mission is to offer advanced, convenient, and money saving equipment for water

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filtration operations with the implementation of distinctive ideas and expertise. Our

foundation of survival is based on providing valued clients a convenient and affordable

source for water filtration equipment. Products provided by us consumers a way to

eliminate impurities from water with convenience and to improve the taste of drinking

water.

Vision Statement of the company:

To enhance the value for our customers, and strengthen our name while providing the

finest and most advanced water treatment technology available is principal in our

vision. In addition, we aim to support a corporate environment that is innovative,

respectful, and fun. For our employees to believe in the quality of our products and

services and enjoy their work environment are fundamental in order to promote a

healthy company that seeks to be a highly profitable and foster our longevity.

Commitment to Total Quality Management (TQM)

We are committed to provide excellence services to our customers and never

compromise on quality.

Messages

Moazzam Elahi (Chief Executive):

We value shared decision-making, teamwork and partnerships and seek opportunities to

build relationships that will create greater value across functions, businesses and

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locations.

Rizwan Akram (Research Executive):

Continuous Learning and Improvement we believe that improvement is a continuous

process. We are always open to change in order to discover new and creative ways to

meet the changing needs of our customers.

Samir Hussain (Sales Executive):

Respect for Individuals we value each individual in the company, suppliers and service

providers for their contribution and respect our relationship with them.

Usman Qadir (General Manager):

The Vivo Hydro Technologies offers me the ability to expand my horizons in the business

world. Each day we have different tasks with the opportunity to learn from it. I enjoy the

fact that we never need to pretend who we are not. We can still be ourselves, be helpful,

and still assist clients in a proper and appropriate manner. I believe that in order for

people to do a job well one must like what they do and VHT gives me that chance.

2.3 Business Volume:

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VHT was founded in 2005. So it is a newly entered company in the

corporate world. But its sale figures are out standing. The company has

sales of over 37.5 million Pakistani rupees in the financial year 2007-2008.

The overall sales volume is generated from three areas domestic,

commercial, and Industrial. The prices of the products of the company

ranges from Rs. 30,000(Domestic Systems) to Rs. 3.5 million (Industrial

Reverse Osmoses Plants.)

The Major portion of the revenue of VHT is Industrial Water Treatment

Plants. This costs rupees 1200,000 to 3500,000.

The partition of sales to total sales graph is given below.

7%

18%

75%

Domestic

Commercial

Industrial

According to the figures companies 75% sales are from Industrial Sector.

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7% and 18% are from Domestic and Commercial Sector respectively.

Although VHT was founded in 2005 but it remained successful in getting its

share in the market in a very short time (2005-2008) and through its loyal,

devoted, professional and hardworking management it is expected that the

company will expand its sales to about 40 million during 2008-2009.

Beside that company has also earn an impressive goodwill in the market

through its quality services.

2.4 Products and services offered by VHT:

Basically VHT is a services providing company but it has its own assembly

line where different equipments are assembled. As most of the parts used by

VHT are not available in Pakistan so these are imported from different

multinational companies. These materials include Membranes, Ultraviolet

Rays generator, High quality Carbon, Laser Pins, and many other

accessories.

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Preferred Brands:

VHT is a services providing company. It uses different international brand’s

equipment to provide its services. Some of the most preferred brands, their

brief description is given below.

A brief Introduction of Brands used by Vivo Hydro Technologies:

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Philips:

Philips is a global leader in healthcare, lighting and consumer lifestyle, delivering

people-centric, innovative products, services and solutions through our brand promise of

“sense and simplicity.” We employ approximately 128,100 employees in more than 60

countries worldwide. With sales of 34 billion USD in 2006, we are a market leader in

medical diagnostic imaging and patient monitoring systems, energy efficient lighting

solutions, as well as lifestyle solutions for personal wellbeing.

Philips has four product divisions: Consumer Electronics; Domestic Appliances &

Personal Care; Lighting and Medical Systems. Each operates independently, yet

coordinates closely in sharing technologies and in developing products for the consumer

and business-to-business marketplaces. Under the leadership of the Corporate Center in

Amsterdam, this collaboration is required to unlock the full potential of the Philips

brand.

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Philips Consumer Electronics

Philips Consumer Electronics is the third largest consumer electronics company in the

world and a leader in the development of digital television systems and compact disc

applications.

Philips Domestic Appliances & Personal Care

Philips Domestic Appliances & Personal Care (DAP) includes the Male Shaving and

Grooming, Body & Beauty, Food & Beverage, Home Environment Care and Oral

Healthcare lines of business. The division manufactures and markets shavers, electric

toothbrushes, women's beauty and health care products, as well as domestic appliances

around the world.

Philips Lighting Company

Philips Lighting Company is the world’s largest lighting producer, manufacturer and

marketer of products for industrial, commercial and consumer markets.

Philips Medical Systems

Philips Medical Systems, a global leader in the growing medical device and diagnostic

industry, is committed to providing innovative technology and services that enable

health care providers to achieve clinical excellence.

Other Businesses

Philips has several specialty businesses including Assemble on Americas, Advanced

Metrology Systems, and Philips' Center for Industrial Technology. All work

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synergistically, sharing innovations and developing products and solutions for the

consumer and business-to-business marketplaces

Weston & Sampson

Weston & Sampson has been providing quality engineering services for water supply

development, treatment, and distribution projects. Our founders achieved a number of

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"firsts" for a water treatment company, including one of the first rapid sand filtration

plants in the United States. They also pioneered chemical treatment to prevent the

corrosion of water distribution systems. Working with different water sources and

qualities, Weston & Sampson has gained valuable experience in the design and operation

of various types of water treatment plants. Our commitment to quality is demonstrated

by our award-winning designs. Weston & Sampson also provides a wide range of

services in the areas of water supply development, pumping, storage, and distribution.

Our engineers have extensive expertise with:

Water resource studies

Pilot plant studies

Water system planning, design, construction, and operation

Water system improvements

Hydraulic analysis and master plans

Water storage tank design and construction

Additionally, our staff provides cost estimating, assists with regulatory permitting issues

and in obtaining state and federal funding, performs construction oversight, and provides

reliable and competent advice to our clients.

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LG Electronics:

LG Electronics, Inc.(LG) is a global leader and technology innovator in consumer

electronics, home appliances and mobile communications, employing more than 82,000

people working in 114 operations including 82 subsidiaries around the world. With

annual worldwide revenues exceeding $40 billion, LG Electronics comprises five

business units: Home Entertainment, Home Appliance, Air Conditioning, Business

Solutions and Mobile Communications. LG is one of the world's leading producers of

mobile handsets, flat panel TVs, air conditioners, front-loading washing machines,

optical storage products, DVD players and home theater systems.

LG's efforts continue to enhance the global presence of the LG brand and to maximize

profitable growth. In particular, LG Electronics will focus on achieving profitable and

sustainable growth in the mobile communications and digital display sectors to

strengthen its leadership in the IT industry, while at the same time increasing its market

share in the home appliance and digital media sectors.

LG Electronics is pursuing its 21st century vision of becoming a true global digital

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leader that can make its customers happy throughout the world by means of its

innovative digital products and services.

LG Electronics has set a new mid-term and long-term vision, aiming to achieve a

position as one of the top three electronics, information, and telecommunication firms in

the world by 2010.

As such, they are embracing the philosophy of "Great Company, Great People," whereby

only great people can create a great company, and pursuing two growth strategies

involving "fast innovation" and "fast growth." Likewise, they seek to secure three core

capabilities: product leadership, market leadership, and people-centered leadership.

Appliance

LG is a global leader in the home appliance industry, dedicated to creating total home

solutions through advanced products.

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GE:

GE's divisions include GE Capital (including GE Commercial Finance and GE Money

and GE Consumer Finance), GE Technology Infrastructure (including GE Aviation, the

former Smiths Aerospace and GE Healthcare), GE Energy Infrastructure, and NBC

Universal, an entertainment company. Through these businesses, GE participates in a

wide variety of markets including the generation, transmission and distribution of

electricity (eg. Nuclear gas and solar), lighting, industrial automation, medical imaging

equipment, motors, railway locomotives, aircraft jet engines, and aviation services. It

was co-founded and is 80% owner (with Vivendi) of NBC Universal, the National

Broadcasting Company. Through GE Commercial Finance, GE Consumer Finance, GE

Equipment Services, and GE Insurance it offers a range of financial services as well. It

has a presence in over 100 countries. General Electric gauges to control a railway

locomotive since over half of GE's revenue is derived from financial services, it is

arguably a financial company with a manufacturing arm. It is also one of the largest

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lenders in countries other than the United States, such as Japan. Even though the first

wave of conglomerates (such as ITT, Ling-Temco-Vought, Tenneco, etc) fell by the

wayside by the mid-1980s, in the late 1990s, another wave (consisting of Westinghouse,

Tyco, and others) tried and failed to emulate GE's success. It was announced in May

2008 that General Electric would auction off its appliances business for an expected sale

of $5-8 billion.

Pure:

Pure Water was formed to provide state of the art filtration equipment to Pakistan. With

our Joint Venture partner, the Global Water Group of Dallas, Texas, USA, we are in the

process of setting up a most modern plant for the manufacturing and assembly of

Global's proprietary water filtration equipment. We can supply a wide range of top

quality equipment that can cover the entire spectrum of water filtration requirements

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Raw sewage enters the unit through the influent line and passes through a bar screen,

which keeps out any large solids. A diffuser system introduces air into the aeration

chamber. The air bubbles that are generated provide the oxygen necessary to sustain the

bacteria and also provide the agitation necessary to reduce solids to small particles. After

a suitable retention time, the solution is displaced from the aeration chamber to the

clarifier chamber. There the remaining solids settle to the bottom in the form of

activated sludge. The sludge is returned to the aeration chamber to maintain a high

active bacteria count. The clear liquid at the top of the clarifier chamber flows into the

LS3 wastewater purification system to kill any disease-carrying bacteria that remain.

The effluent is then purified into polished quality drinking water. Aqua Wastewater' s

proprietary extended aeration systems are applicable for flows of a few hundred gallons

to tens of millions of gallons per day (or from one house to a city).They are applicable

for municipalities, villages, condominiums, schools, restaurants, motels, hotels, mobile

home parks, processing plants, industrial plants, animal farms, oilfield platform rigs,

oilfield jack-up rigs, oilfield posted and inland drilling barges, fixed structures offshore

or anywhere sewage collection is required. These models can be constructed of

standard configurations or engineered for custom designed special configurations.

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Atlantic Ultraviolet

Atlantic Ultraviolet Corporation was established as a New York Corporation on

November 22, 1963 to assume operation of a predecessor company following the death

of its owner/operator. The business started in Long Island City as a manufacturer of

germicidal ultraviolet fixtures and equipment utilizing germicidal ultraviolet lamps to

destroy bacteria, mold and virus in air and on surfaces. In 1970 the company began

production of its own line of germicidal lamps in competition with Westinghouse and

General Electric, who were the primary producers at the time. The Ster-L-Ray™

germicidal lamp brand produced by Atlantic Ultraviolet Corporation are short wave low

pressure mercury vapor tubes that produce ultraviolet wavelengths that are lethal to

micro-organisms. Approximately 95% of the ultraviolet energy emitted is at the mercury

resonance line of 254 nanometers. This wavelength is in the region of maximum

germicidal effectiveness and is highly lethal to virus, bacteria and mold spores. Ster-L-

Ray™ germicidal lamps are produced in Slim line, Cold Cathode or Preheat type, with

either Ozone-Producing or Non Ozone-Producing capabilities. In 1973 the company

released the Sanitron® Ultraviolet Water Purifier product line, a unique and rapid

method of water disinfection without the use of heat or chemicals. Since this time,

Atlantic Ultraviolet Corporation has introduced other brands of water disinfection

equipment, under the trademark names Mighty-Pure®, Minipure®, Megatron®, and

Magnum™. In addition the air and surface sanitizer lines expanded to include the

Sanitaire®, Hygeaire®, Nutripure™, SaniLight®, SaniRay®, Aerologic®, and

Sanidyne®, and have enjoyed increased sales since introduction. In 1975 Atlantic Ultra

violet’s corporate offices and manufacturing facilities moved to a new location in Bay

Shore, New York. The new 5,000 square foot facility was constructed and soon

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expanded to 8,000 square feet in 1980. Continuing research and development maintains

Atlantic Ultraviolet Corporation's leadership in applied ultraviolet technology. Exacting

procedures and stringent quality control measures insure products of consistently high

quality. Engineering studies of product design and materials are conducted with an eye

to enhancing product usefulness and value. Existing and potential new products are

subjected to rigorous test protocols in order to insure the highest standards of

performance and reliability. Atlantic Ultra violet’s staff continues to grow to include

ultraviolet application specialists and an engineering department with vast knowledge of

ultraviolet technologies. The staff assists customers in the selection of germicidal lamps

and ultraviolet equipment to suit specific applications. Atlantic Ultraviolet continues to

formulate effective and cost-conscious ultraviolet solutions.

By 1994 another move was necessary to house the ever growing corporate offices,

manufacturing facilities and expanding inventory. The move takes Atlantic Ultraviolet

Corporation to its current location in Hauppauge, New York to a 25,000 square foot

building which was quickly expanded to 37,500 square feet in 1997. Atlantic Ultraviolet

Corporation continues to strive for growth with extensive work in Research and

Development. The company's conservative management philosophy has resulted in

steadily increasing financial strength, profitability and growth of market share. With the

internet transforming the way business is done, Atlantic Ultraviolet knows the

importance of presenting a clear, easy to use, content rich website. As 2008 proceeds our

focus is on providing more product information, customer support and services for both

domestic and international customers alike. Atlantic's goals are to continue developing

strong business to business and business to consumer relationships and continuing its

leadership in applied ultraviolet technology, with the development of new product lines

to be released shortly.

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Mr. Water

Mr. Water Professional Water Treatment is a local water conditioning company

specializing in the maintenance and repair of Residential, Commercial, and Industrial

Ultraviolet (germicidal) Lights in Maryland and the surrounding Tri-State area. We

service Sterilight, ATS, Ideal Horizons/Wedeco, Aquafine, Trojan, Atlantic, and PURA

ultraviolet lights - just to name a few. For our residential customers, we are an

authorized Sterilight Distributor and carry parts and supplies in stock or can get the

bulbs, quartz sleeves, ballasts and other U.V. components for your light in a reasonable

time. We adhere to the strict installation requirements for germicidal lights – unlike most

of our competitors. Not installing your new U.V. light in the proper manner will only

void the manufacturers warranty; it will eventually render it ineffective against the

bacteria and viruses for which it was originally installed. All manufacturers of ultraviolet

lights have similar influent water quality requirements that must be met at the time of

installation and maintained throughout the service life of the unit.

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Products:

Here is a brief list of Products.

Domestic Products

Domestic Jumbo RO System

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Domestic Light RO System

Ultraviolet Membrane used embedded in RO’s to provide 100% pure

water

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Water Softeners

Simple Filter

Commercial Filtration System:

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Commercial RO System

Ultra Pure RO system

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Light RO System

Mineral Water RO

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Industrial Water treatment Plant

Nano Filtration:

The newest and most leading edge technology in water treatment is NANO filtration which has been added in the catalogue of VHT currently for its customers.

Nano Filtration System

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Terminologies and Explanations of Some Technical terms about Water treatment Systems:

Ultraviolet rays and their Functions:

This kind of UV (Ultraviolet) Technology is used in most of the purification system. We

can inactivate the bacteria viruses by passing the ultra violet (UV) rays towards the water

flow. The bacteria viruses in the water goes into comma stage, but those inactivated

bacteria viruses will be in the water we get from the output. The inactivation is only for

the period of 8 hours and again the bacteria viruses get activated. The membrane is made

of thin film composite material and the size of the membrane is 0.0001 micron. This

membrane is used to separate the unwanted impurities such as bacteria, viruses, excess of

salt, excess of iron content, excess of calcium from the input water. It works like a

sugarcane juice machine. There are two rollers in the machine, if sugarcane is inserted

into that roller the juice comes through one way and the rest in other way. The same

procedure is applied in this stage. When the water is forced towards the membrane

through the pressure of the pump, the pure water foes to the next stage as steam and the

rejected water comes outside the machine. The rejected water can be used for other

purpose like washing clothes, cleaning purposes, etc.

The RO System:

In RO system water pressure is used to force water molecules through a very fine

membrane leaving the contaminants behind. Purified water is collected from the "clean"

or “permeate” side of the membrane, and water containing the concentrated contaminants

is flushed down the drain from the "contaminated" or “concentrate” side. The average RO

system is a unit consisting of a sediment/chlorine pre filter, the reverse-osmosis

membrane, a storage tank, and an activated-carbon post filter. Reverse osmosis removes

salt and most other inorganic material present in the water, and for that reason, RO lends

itself to use in places where the drinking water is brackish (salty), contains nitrates or

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other dissolved minerals which are difficult to remove by other methods. Using a quality

carbon filter to remove any organic materials and chemicals that get through the sediment

pre-filter, the purity of the treated water approaches that produced by distillation.

Microscopic parasites (including viruses) are usually removed by RO units, but any

defect or micro-tear in the membrane will allow these organisms to pass into the ‘clean”

water. This is why RO systems are not rated to remove microorganisms except when an

Ultraviolet Light filter is incorporated into the system, such as in the case of the Tap

Master UV and the Tap Master ULTRA. Though slower than a water filter, RO systems

can typically purify more water per day than distillers. Also, they do not use electricity,

but RO systems do waste water. Four or more gallons of concentrate wastewater are

flushed down the drain for each gallon of filtered water produced. Zero waste RO units

are available, however problematic, as they can re-inject the concentrate wastewater back

into the water feeding the RO thus forcing the RO to work harder and shortening its

service life. Other types of Zero Water RO units will inject the wastewater into the hot

water line where it is dispensed out of the kitchen faucet on your hands or dishes. A

better option for reducing reverse osmosis system water waste is to fit it with a permeate

pump, which will reduce water waste by up to 80%. Two common types of household

RO membranes are the Thin Film Composite (TFC or TFM) membrane and the Cellulose

Triacetate (CTA) membrane. The main differences between the two types are filtration

ability and chlorine tolerance. The CTA membrane is chlorine tolerant, but is more

susceptible to fouling from bacteria, and it only rejects 93% of standard contaminants.

The TFC/TFM membranes reject 98% of standard contaminants on average, are less

susceptible to organic fouling, but it can only treat chlorine free water. Carbon pre-

treatment must be used with a TFC/TFM membrane when purifying chlorinated

municipal water supplies. These contains High quality activated carbon filter cartridges

are available in many size and socket type will fit most standard filter housings.

Cartridges are individually shrunk wrapped and labeled. Purimate sediment filters have

the micron rating embossed on the side of every cartridge for easy identification.

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Domestic RO filters:

This RO system is designed under the guidance of experts and provides a completely

bacteria free safe water. This system can be installed in offices, homes, food corners,

educational institutes and hospitals with great ease. This is ideal for installation under

kitchen counter with the focus mounted on sink. Perfect for water coolers too. The RO

system is not only superior in quality and durable but can easily be customized

accordingly

Technical Details

1. Capable of 15 Liters / hr. purified water production 2. Duty cycle of 75 Liters /day. 3. Liters RO water storage capacity in hydro-pneumatic tank 4. Dimension: 480 * 210 * 540 mm

Domestic RO Cartridges

1. Removes 99% of chlorine and 96% of lead. 2. Used with residential RO systems 3. High quality activated coconut shell carbon significantly improves the taste and

smell of water by adsorbing chlorine and other chemical contaminants. 4. Made of FDA approved materials 5. Coconut shell carbon has larger number of active adsorption centers thus reducing

its nominal weight. 6. Cartridge has sediment cartridge insert protecting carbon granulate.

Commercial RO systems:

Commercial / industrial RO Series commercial reverse osmosis systems are available from

3,000 to 15,000 gallons per day. All reverse osmosis (RO) is manufactured in the USA

located in Vista, California. Each have as standard features a stainless steel frame, multi-

stage centrifugal pump, large area pre-filter, two pre-treatment pressure gauges, an operating

pressure gauge, panel mounted drain and re-circulation valves, panel mounted drain and

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permeate flow meters, adjustable low pressure safety switch, four unit status lights, low

voltage control system for safety and a permeate check valve for element protection.

Popular Reverse Osmosis options include water quality measurement instruments, high

pressure safety switch, silent running water cooled pump, multiple tank switches for re-

pressure pump low water control, pre or post treatment ultraviolet light, pre-treatment

interlock, PLC Controller, alarms, stainless steel element vessels and electronic pump motor

controls for economical running. Not all commercial reverse osmosis systems or water

chemistry are the same. Our reverse osmosis water filters are computer designed utilizing

the latest up-dated element data from all major membrane manufacturers. This insures

maximum recovery and optimum water quality while minimizing capital and operating

costs. We provide expected water quality information along with pump operating cost and

projections on future production and water quality. In addition we provide custom built pre-

treatment as required to provide the most economical and environmentally friendly

operation of the entire reverse osmosis system.

Light Commercial RO Systems:

Light commercial DRO Series reverse osmosis systems start at 150gpd up to 1000gpd.The

DRO-150, 350, 500, & 1,000 are built on open stainless steel frames with horizontally

mounted elements. These reverse osmosis systems utilize a rotary vane pump with ball

bearing pump motor, two pre-filter stages, two pre-treatment pressure gauges, an operating

pressure gauge, adjustable drain and re-circulation valves with color coded and lockable

settings, low pressure safety switch and durable brass high pressure fittings.

The DRO-500SS reverse osmosis system is enclosed in a Polished Stainless Steel Cabinet

which is designed for use in harsh environments, food service applications, or in areas where

tampering is a possibility. Commercial and industrial reverse osmosis and water treatment

systems are computer designed utilizing the latest up-dated element data from all major

membrane manufacturers. This insures maximum recovery and optimum water quality while

minimizing capital and operating costs. We provide expected water quality information

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along with pump operating cost and projections on future production and water quality. In

addition we provide custom built pre-treatment as required to provide the most economical

and environmentally friendly operation of the entire reverse osmosis system.

Nano Filtration:

The newest and most leading edge technology in water treatment is now available for

practical use in your home, business or manufacturing facility.

Nano filtration is a pressure driven separation process. The filtration process takes place on a

selective separation layer formed by an organic semi permeable membrane. The driving

force of the separation process is the pressure difference between the feed (retentive) and the

filtrate (permeate) side at the separation layer of the membrane. However, because of its

selectivity, one or several components of a dissolved mixture are retained by the membrane

despite the driving force, while water and substances with a molecular weight < 200 D are

able to permeate the semi permeable separation layer. Because Nan filtration membranes

also have selectivity for the charge of the dissolved components, monovalent ions will pass

the membrane and divalent and multivalent ions will be rejected.

Water Softening Process:

The Water Softening process is primarily designed to remove calcium ions from the water.

The calcium hardness of the water causes scale in heaters and pipes develop soap scum and

create unwanted precipitates in many water - based products. However, because the action

resin that is used for this process is not selective to calcium, the resin will also remove

magnesium, ferrous (clear as drawn) iron, and traces of metals such as copper, aluminum,

zinc and radium. During the removal process the above listed ions are replaced or exchanged

for sodium if sodium chloride is used as a regenerating chemical or potassium if potassium

chloride is used. By their nature, neither sodium nor potassium will cause scale, interfere

with soap or normallycreate precipitates. When a water softener is regenerated we normally

emply the steps of backwash, brine draw, slow rinse and rapid rinse. The backwash

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discharge is chemically the same as the raw water, the brine draw and slow rinse waters

contain the ions removed during the softening process plus some sodium or potassium and

are high in chlorides. The rapid rinse water is softened water. Full knowledge of the

chemistry of the water to be softened as well as the application of the softened water

(laundry, boiler feed, process water, condensate polishing, etc..) enables us to fine tune the

design for maximum salt use efficiency, minimum pressure drop, minimum regeneration

waste water discharge.

Waste water treatment Plant:

The first unit operation encountered in wastewater-treatment plants is screening. A screen

is a device with openings, generally of uniform size that is used to retain the coarse

solids found in wastewater. The screening element may consist of parallel bars, rods or

wires, grating, wire mesh, or perforated plate, and the openings may be of any shape but

generally are circular or rectangular slots. A screen composed of parallel bars or rods is

called a rack. Although a rack is a screening device, the term “screen” should be limited to

the type with wire cloth or perforated plate. However, the function performed by a rack is

called screening and the materials removed by it are known as screening or raking. Bar racks

normally have clear openings between bars of 15mm.

Oil Separation:

In this unit the oil particles are separated from the water.

Sedimentation:

Sedimentation is the separation from water, by gravitational settling, of

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suspended particles that are heavier than water. It is one of the most widely

used unit operations in wastewater treatment. The terms sedimentation and

settling are used interchangeably. A sedimentation basin may also be

referred to as a sedimentation tank, settling basin, or settling tank.

Filtration:

And finally the filtration takes place where water is purified and recycled for

again use.

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2.5 Competitors:

The Major Competitors which are Competing in Pakistan that provide

services for water treatment at various levels are So Safe, Aqua Safe,

Pearl Water Treatments, Pure it, Water World, Igloo Water Treatment.

Fluid Technologies International.

These are the main competitors of Vivo Hydro Technologies in Sialkot,

Kasur and Lahore.

The competition in Pakistani water treatment industry is at its peak

despite that the hardworking management of the VHT had decided to

open its offices also in Karachi to provide its services to people and the

industry of Karachi.

The VHT also had a competitive advantage over all these companies i.e.

the support of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry Sialkot.

The management of VHT had also decided to launch a media campaign

in Pakistan in the collaboration of Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Sialkot to create awareness of water treatment in the society.

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3. Organizational structure

3.1 Organizational Hierarchy chart:

The management Hierarchy at VHT is an excellent one because here in VHT

the policy making and decision making is decentralized. The selected

members from each department participate in the meetings conducted in

VHT. The management Hierarchy Chart of VHT Sialkot (Head Office) is

given below.

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C.E.O

General ManagerAccounts Marketing

Purchase dept.IT dept. Sales dept.Chemical Engineer

Receiving

Payroll

Technicians and other members

Assembly Line Team

Checking Team

Installation Team


3.2 Number of employees:

VHT currently employees are 279 in all branches besides 2 biologists who

are employed on contract.

3.3 Main offices:

Head Office is located in Sialkot.

Office: 458/3/2, Nasir Road, Sialkot - 51310 Pakistan.

Ph: + 92 52 4567800

Fax: + 92 52 4567700

E-mail: [email protected]

There are three branches of VHT operating in Kasur, Narowal, and Lahore

mentioned above in the introduction portion of my report. I did my

internship at Head Office Sialkot.

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mailto:[email protected]


3.4 Introduction of all departments:

There are various departments working in VHT. A brief introduction of all departments is

given below:

Administration Department:

An administration department basically has the control of all departments. General

Manager GM controls all the departments and transfers this information to C.E.O. This

department has the authority to hire or fire any employee. GM controls all the issues

related to Purchase dept., IT dept., Finance dept. etc. GM takes every necessary action

which is for the betterment of the company and assure able to C.E.O.

Marketing executive:

Marketing executive communicate with the customer and send satisfactory answers after

getting the confirmations from the relevant departments. Main purposes of the marketing

department are:

1. Correspondence using communicational ways.

2. To keep in-touch with different departments.

3. Deals with the company’s customers.

4. Market the company’s products

5. Keep an up-to-date record of all products.

6. Making strategies to promote company’s products.

7. Make strategies to turn its customers as regular buyers.

8. Maintains team work spirit and collaboration with other departments.

9. Keep a complete record of all exhibitions.

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The Engineer:

The chemical engineer at VHT is the head of a very advance water test laboratory at

VHT. The engineer issues necessary instructions to assembly unit for the preparation of

the plants or RO systems. Mainly he is responsible for all water related functions.

Sales Department:

Sales department keeps a complete record of invoices and pack lists. After receiving the

order, it enters the order in the layout and checks the codes, description, prices and then

confirms the order. After that it issues planning to the Assembly department for further

issuance of the product to the supplier. After completing all the required steps the product

is issued to the customer within the time limit.

Purchase Department:

Depending upon the planning issued by the Sales department, the purchasing manager

issues the orders to the vendors to fulfill the customer’s need and to maintain the stock.

Purchase department keeps a complete check and balance of incoming and outgoing

items. It keeps the record of purchasing new items or raw material for making items.

The Assembly Unit:

VHT uses equipment of different types from various international brands so whenever

any item is received, Assembly unit in charge transfer this stock to the material field store

keeper for counting and milling. The equipment thus assembled as per requirements.

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Checking Department:

The checking department checks the different instruments that whether the instruments

are according to the certified standards or not, whether those items are according to the

drawing and the specifications or not. Checking Staff checks the quality of the material

used. In final inspection if any item is not up to the nark then it is rejected by the

Checking department. If any complaints are raised by the customer after the installation

of equipment then checking staff investigates the complaint and takes necessary action

against the complaint.

Installation Team:

After the approval of checking department the installation team fit out the plants or RO’s

at customer place. The installation team consists of skilled workers and technicians

whose are responsible for quality fitting. The installation team works under the engineer

at VHT because of complications involved in the systems. The IT department has also

got role in the Installation team. The main purpose of IT department here is to guide the

technicians to operate the modern computerized systems.

The IT Department:

The IT department at VHT started its services in March 2007 for the purpose of giving

assistance to all the departments at VHT such as finance department, marketing

department etc.

1. The main functions of IT department at VHT are:

2. To maintain the HRIS of VHT

3. To maintain the website of the company.

4. To provide training to the technicians to operate computerized plants.

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5. To provide its assistance to the finance department.

6. The IT department also holds the payroll system at VHT in collaboration of

finance department.

7. The IT department at VHT head office also maintains the records of attendance of

employees working at different branches of VHT working in different cities.

8. The IT department also provides 24/7 help desk for technical support about the

devices to the customers.

The IT department was established 2 years later after the establishment of the company.

Future Projects of IT Department:

In near future the IT department at VHT is going to launch its online shopping web portal

for the customers of VHT. So that people can buy portable home filtration appliances

through internet.

The IT department will also start data base sharing for other branches of the company in

different cities.

3.5 Comments on the organizational structure:

VHT is basically a team based structure. Its head office is situated in Silakot and the main

assembling unit is situated in Kasur, Pakistan. VHT’s main segment market is in Kasur

that is why the major concentration of C.E.O is in Kasur. G.M has the full control over

the Assembling unit. Company works on matrix structure. GM assigns specialists from

different functional departments like Assembling, Sales, Installation, etc. the quality

checking staff and biologists to work on projects by the project managers. GM ensures

that organization has the right number and right kind of people in the right places. It is

thus possible that the capable employees perform their duties within the prescribed time

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with full efficiency and accuracy.

Organization fully supports their workers and labor by all means. There is a labor union

which represents the workers and protects their labor interests.

Management decisions are regulated by the terms of collective agreements depending

upon the influence of rules and regulations to ensure equal employment opportunities.

Such actions taken by the GM and C.E.O ensure that decisions and practices enhance the

employment, upgrading the system and protecting one’s interests.

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4. The Internship Program

4.1 Introduction of the branch:

VHT is a Services providing and consultancy company of all kinds of water treatments,

filtration systems, Reverse Osmosis systems and other ultraviolet systems. I do my

internship at the head office. It is situated at Nasir Road Sialkot. The head office is

mainly controlled by the General Manager Mr. Usman Qadir. Who is a very passionate

and a dedicated and devoted person. Mr. Usman as most senior officer after the CEO in

the head office not only provide me a chance for the internship but he also directed the IT

department to provide me comprehensive training in the department. The IT department

at Sialkot operates under the IT manager Mr. Qaiser Imtiaz. Mr.Qaiser Imtiaz helped me

a lot on my project of database development of inventory of VHT at head office.

VHT is a private service providing company has now expanded in a modern 15000

square ft. The assembly line at Sialkot had employed 30 technicians beside other staff

members. The company developed its business by the commitment to customer

satisfaction by strenuous efforts and striving hard to achieve a best, with a view to

establish out mutual business relationship with the customer on a permanent basis. They

provide the instruments by precise supervision of manufacturing processes into finish

shape in easily working condition in the hands of end users. Success of VHT is also due

to the satisfaction of the customers. The major part of the success comes from being able

to quickly complete most orders from their huge stock holding of finished instruments.

The skilled administration team is trained to quickly handle any customer order and to

ensure that every order is completed and delivered with minimum delay. Modern

communication systems ensure that VHT is in constant touch with its precious customers

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and is able to respond immediately to any market change. VHT is also very proud of its

highly skilled workforce.

The company uses guaranteed instruments provided by internationally

renowned companies such as Philips and LG. VHT is an accredited and

approved by different institutions of Pakistan such as Chamber of Commerce

and Industry Sialkot, The Leather Association of Sialkot, and the Surgical

Association of Sialkot.

The head office located at Sialkot is continuously involved in creating

awareness of water treatment in the society. As the nature of industry in

Sialkot is export type. The city of Sialkot has proven its quality in surgical

instruments and leather wears all over the world. The CEO Mr. Moazzam

Elahi often visits international exhibitions on surgical instruments and

leather wears to convey to the westerns that Pakistanis are well aware of

their environment and they are now treat their water wastes in the well being

of environment. The head office of VHT in Sialkot also plays a vital role in

marketing of the company. I must say here that the main branch of VHT

consists of very well mannered staff and all of them helped me a lot during

my project. It is because of hardwork of the employees that a services

providing company has a sale figure of 37.5 million during 2007-08.

4.2 Starting and ending dates of internship:

The internship program (15/11/08-10/01/09):

I started my internship in the head office of Vivo Hydro Technologies on

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15 th November 2008. The head office is basically responsible for Record

Keeping, Marketing of the company and Strategy Formulation. The

Performance of all branches is also evaluated here.

I worked in IT department of Vivo hydro technologies where I worked under

the supervision of Mr. Qaiser Imtiaz. Under his supervision I worked on the

data base of a company first time in my life. It was amazing experience of

mine. I completed my internship on 10/01/09.

Environment at Vivo Hydro Technologies:

I was assigned to work in the IT department of Vivo where my immediate

supervisor was Mr. Qaiser Imtiaz (IT Manager). I had a very good learning

experience in Vivo which would be of enormous help to me in the future.

The staff was very helpful and friendly, which made the working

environment adaptive and pleasant. The people there make Vivo a great

company and an exciting place to work with a shared desire to learn leading

edge skills and stretch beyond their limits.

I took a deep interest in observing how employees in the company work

together to overcome challenging situations. The environment in the

company is so welcoming that it forces people to join hands together to

work as a team.

About integrity, mutual respect, teamwork, creativity and empowerment.

Sometimes my supervisors enabled me to make my own decisions with

responsibility which motivated and encouraged me.

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The Information Technology department of Vivo is a source of good

inspiration. It is very dedicated, committed and hard working. Just by

observing the team gave me a sense of responsibility and it gave me

confidence that I am a part of this strong team. Working in Vivo Hydro

Technologies is an experience that I will always cherish.

Objective of the Study:

Internship is a part of our M.B.A program and it is mandatory. Internship is a

source of good learning and it is a basic element of a student’s career which

applies the theoretical knowledge into practical work. Internships are a

great way to learn about an occupation and get work experience at the same

time. Internship enables a person to develop his skills and abilities that are

directly applicable to his career. Internships give an insight from a student’s

career to a professional career. I wanted to see for myself whether my

academic progress relates to official work or not, and so it lead me to Vivo

hydro Technologies.

Because it is a dynamic organization with a powerful culture that allows

people to make the most of their skills, personality and Bareer. I developed

such knowledge and skills which directed to my career. The internship

program at Vivo is designed in such a way that it ensures maximum learning

in ones chosen career area and provides the person with an insight into the

company, work and people.

Significance:

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During my academic years in the MBA program I got exposed to many terms which are

applicable in a professional career. From the beginning of my degree I was taught about

the organizational structures, organizational hierarchy (chain of command) etc. At VHT

I got a chance to experience my studious learning in relation to practical work. I became

a part of the organizational hierarchy as I had to report to my supervisors and

they had to report to their supervisors. A chain of command followed from the

Manager through the Executives to the Internees.

I studied Management Information System that is all about providing information and

connects the departments in order to work properly, Automation and retrieving of

data. At Vivo I observed the data in companies manipulate and what is its

importance. I also learnt different automated processes. There at VHT I apply

different techniques which I studied during my semesters. When I look at the

database of VHT I was surprised because in our course CS-403(Data Base

Management System) I studied only examples carrying maximum record of 4

or 5 entities but when I worked at VHT’s database under the supervision of

IT manager I feel great while adding records to existing database and then

manipulating them.

My field is IT related and I studied different courses in which I studied about record

keeping through an Information System. There is a profile of each and every employee

in a database which can be easily accessed when needed. This database is known as

Human Resource Information System (HRIS). In VHT I was trained to use Microsoft

SQL server which was of great advantage as this software is essential in

everyday office use.

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4.3 Detailed Description of the department in which I

worked:

I worked in the IT department of the Vivo Hydro Technologies. The IT

department of Vivo Hydro Technologies was established in 2007 according

to the needs of the company. This department now maintains the payroll

system of Vivo Hydro Technologies along with the record maintenance of

employees. The IT department at Vivo Hydro Technologies is also

responsible for the development and maintenance of the website of the

company. In collaboration with the quality checking department it also

convey the feedback of the customers of the company to the other

departments.

The IT department also helps the other departments of the company. It helps

the Accounts department in maintenance of payroll system of Vivo Hydro

Technology. The second function of IT department is to provide training to

the assembling unit of the company as in assembling of HI-Tech automated

devices. The IT department of the company also issues user manuals for

different filtration systems to the help the end users in operating the systems

installed at their places.

The department also have a 24/7 help desk for technical support about the

products for the customers of the company.

In IT department a special team of two software designers is dedicated to

develop softwares for different offices of the company.

I worked for two months in the IT department of the VHT. What I find is

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that it is a newly established department which started its services only one

year back so I think it takes two or three years to develop it as an

professional IT department. At present the functions of IT department are

not so much but still it is very useful for the company. The IT department

runs the SQL server to main the records of the company.

Future Projects of the IT department:

The IT department of the company will going to launch a web portal for the

company from which the customers will got the facility to do shopping

online through credit cards or by using other sources such as online payment

transfer. On website different home and commercial appliances will be

placed for online customers.

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5. Training program

During the two months of internship at VHT I also performed many duties

apart from the IT department. Which added to my experience and learning.

All the tasks that I executed gave me a sense of responsibility. Sometimes

there was too much responsibility on me, too much burden was there. At

times things were slow, yet I wanted to work more because I had blurred

the lines between work and fun. Along with the task I have been given to

develop I also perform some extra duties which I want to put here.

My premier task was to develop a smart database for the inventory room of

the company. So besides developing the project I also do the following jobs.

The detailed description of my project is given in the “Critical analysis”

portion of the report.

As I mentioned earlier that in VHT a database exists at Head office which

contains the record of all theVHT employees in different cities. The IT

Department daily receives applications, medical reimbursement

forms, expense claims and other documents of all the VHT employees.

Throughout my internship at VHT I maintained the database by

putting all those documents in their desired files.

VHT is a services providing organization and I worked in head office in

which every decision has to go through. So a lot of letters, applications and

recommendations were dispatched daily throughout many cities such as

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Lahore branch, Kasur branch, etc. These are the branches of VHT. My

supervisor only mentioned the city and it was my job to write the postal

address of VHT office on an envelope containing the document and deliver

it at the reception to be dispatched.

One another extra duty was to manage the visitors. Many people came to

visit the Head office of the organization for business purpose. The mangers

could only attend one person at a time and the rest of the people had to wait.

It was my responsibility to set the priority of meetings. If a person had to

wait for a long period of time, I used to make him sit in the cafeteria.

Many other people also visited the head office for different purposes.

Office work was also the extra duty on me. Its all about papers and

documents. My supervisor always required arranging and rearranging

documents. I helped them in their work by stapling and unclipping

documents. I also make many photocopies of documents. Sometimes

secret documents were to be shredded after they have been used. I

shredded the documents using a Paper Shredder Machine. I also faxed

papers and documents all other branches and sometimes outside the country.

Scanning was also an everyday job for me, I used to scan documents and

papers and sometimes those documents were to be faxed to other offices of

VHT.

During my internship at VHT I faced a lot of problem as a massive work

load was put on me during two months. So I want to say here that “I like

the Job but the work spoils it.”

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6. Structure of the MIS/IT

Department

6.1 Department hierarchy:

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Mr. Qaiser ImtiazManager IT

Aabid AliSoftware Designer

Omer BaigAssistant

Abdul Qadoos Assistant

Ms. AyeshaData entry

Faheem NawazHelp desk

Asfand Ali Contractor Software Designer


6.2 Number of employees working in the MIS

department:

There are total 6 employees are working in IT department plus one contractor software designer.

6.3 MIS/IT operations:

The IT department at VHT maintains the payroll system of Vivo Hydro

Technologies along with the record maintenance of employees in

collaboration with the accounts department. The IT department at Vivo

Hydro Technologies is also responsible for the development and maintenance

of the website of the company. In collaboration with the quality checking

department it also convey the feedback of the customers of the company to

the other departments. The IT department also helps the other departments of

the company. It helps the Accounts department in maintenance of payroll

system of Vivo Hydro Technology. The second function of IT department is

to provide training to the assembling unit of the company as in assembling of

HI-Tech automated devices. The IT department of the company also issues

user manuals for different filtration systems to the help the end users in

operating the systems installed at their places. The department also have a

24/7 help desk for technical support about the products for the customers of

the company. In IT department a special team of two software designers is

dedicated to develop soft wares for different offices of the company.

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7. Functions of the MIS Department

7.1 Major functions:

Today information systems are a foundation for conducting business. In many industries

the survival and even existence is difficult without extensive use of information systems.

Now organizations are trying to become more competitive and efficient by transforming

themselves in to the digital firms.Dr. Greenspan in his article “The revolution in

information technology” has discussed the responsibilities and roles of modern day’s

MIS/IT department as.

The purpose to add this article in the report is to analyze the modern day functions of

MIS/IT departments in different organizations. A comparative study has also been made

below to compare the modern day MIS/IT department functions with the department in

which I got training.

(The source has also been added in the references portion of the Report)

Application Development Management Team: This Team is made up of the IT Manager,

Assistant Managers and the Technical staff. Their responsibilities include:

Provide the strategic direction for the MIS/IT /IT department

Manage IS resources and assignments

Establish and evaluate MIS/IT development policies, methodologies, and

procedures

Review Project Workbooks.

Customer: The Customer is the person or department requesting work from MIS/IT .

The Customer’s responsibilities will vary throughout the project phases. Their primary

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responsibilities will include:

Partner with the MIS/IT Practice Manager to create the Project Workbook

Partner with the MIS/IT Practice Manager to manage the project including the

timeline, work plan, testing, resources, training and documentation of procedures

Work with the Practice and Program Manager to identify the technical approach

to be used and the deliverables to be furnished at the completion of the project

Provide a clear definition of the business need

Sign-off on project deliverables

Take ownership of the developed process and software.

Customer Feedback Evaluation Team: The Customer Feedback Evaluation Team

consists of various members of the MIS/IT department. Their responsibilities include:

Review the completed Project Performance Evaluation Forms

Highlight ratings below “satisfied” so the MIS/IT Practice Manager can contact

the customer for additional details

Forward copies of all forms to the MIS/IT Director and the MIS/IT Practice

Manager for review and/or follow-up

Follow-up with MIS/IT Practice Manager on resolution of those being reviewed

with the customers

Track the results of the forms for general trends and areas to improve.

Design Review Team: The Design Review Team will consist of the Technical Architect,

the Program Manager for Infrastructure and the Program Manager for Development.

Their responsibilities include:

Review and approve all Design Overview Documents

Review, prior to the meeting, design packages to be presented and be prepared

with questions and comments

Perform audit reviews on tested packages.

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Be available to provide consultative support to any developer or development

team on questions of standards, procedures, techniques, etc.

Executive Sponsor: The Executive Sponsor is typically a high-level executive who acts

as the project advocate from University Administration. Their primary responsibilities

include:

Champion the project, project manager and project team

Manage the project scope and change requests

Approve the Project schedule

Communicate project goals to all management levels

Provide appropriate and timely resources for efficient and effective project

completion

Ensure sustained adherence to schedule commitments

Provide on-going guidance and direction to the project team

Provide regular feedback to the project team on performance vs. expectations

Follow up to ensure project benefits defined in the Project Workbook are realized

Escalate issues and project scope changes

Act as the final decision maker on unresolved project issues.

Functional Resources: The Functional Resources represent the business areas for which

work is being performed and are usually members of that business area. The primary

project activities of the Functional Resources include:

Share their in-depth understanding of the business and system processes and their

knowledge of federal regulations

Provide business expertise on the system functionality related to their job

functions

Participate actively in all phases of the project including planning and analysis,

design, development, testing and implementation, related to their area of expertise

Be available for the indicated percentage of their time allotted for the project.

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Functional Lead: The Functional Lead represents the customer’s business area for which

work is being preformed. The Functional Leads responsibilities include:

Provide expertise on the overall business processes around which the project is

focused and provide needed business expertise in those areas

Provide direction to the functional resources on managing day-to-day activities

and adhering to project deliverable due dates

Participate actively in the development of the Project Workbook (in conjunction

with the Program Manager and Practice Manager) including why the project was

requested, as well as the project requirements and scope including the risk, time,

and cost

Participate actively in all phases of the project including planning and analysis,

design, development, testing and implementation, related to their area of expertise

Help identify change barriers within the business areas

Provide two way communication between the affected business area and the

Project Team

Be available for the indicated percentage of their time allotted for the project.

Help Desk & End User Computing Group: The Help Desk and End User Computing

Group provide training and support during the implementation and production support

phases of the project. This team is led and managed by the Systems Manager responsible

for End User Computing Activities. The Help Desk and End User Computing Group

responsibilities include:

Provide team and end user training during implementation

Provide help desk support after implementation

Assist in the distribution and configuration of workstations for the Vanderbilt

community

Provide support for network problems, firewall problems, security problems, and

access issues.

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Maintenance and Enhancement Group: The Maintenance and Enhancement Group

provides on-going support for systems after implementation occurs. There are two M &

E Groups currently defined: Business Operations and Student Systems. The M & E

Groups are led and managed by the Systems Manager responsible for either Business

Operation activities or Student System activities. Primarily, the M & E Groups


Provide day-to-day technical support in maintaining the information system,

including responsibility for ensuring processes and outputs are complete and

error-free

Develop an in-depth understanding of the business processes supported by the

system

Consult with customers (independently or in partnership with other members of

MIS/IT ) to evaluate, design, test and install requested enhancements to the new

system

Run production-level programs to obtain output when necessary

Identify, analyze, and resolve problems with production applications

independently or in partnership with other MIS/IT teams and/or functional

resources

Develop and maintain technical documentation and operational procedures on the

new information system

Provide support for the legacy systems

Manage the System Enhancement Request Form process.

MIS/IT Functional Consultant: The MIS/IT Functional Consultant is a support role to

the MIS/IT Practice Managers and Project Implementation Team during a project

implementation. Their responsibilities include:

Make written and oral presentations to project teams and groups outside the

department

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Evaluate, establish and maintain MIS/IT development policies, methodologies,

and procedures

Plan, schedule, and coordinate activities related to system development projects

Contact department heads and various levels of staff in user departments to

provide functional support in documenting, designing, and implementing

project(s)

Assist with customer service and communication

Perform some planning/scheduling/prioritizing/coordination of project-related

activities for project team members.

Operations group: The Operations Group monitors the operations of all administrative

information systems. The Operations Group is led and managed by the Systems Manager

responsible for Operations. Their responsibilities include:

Monitor and oversee the daily, weekly and monthly operations of all

administrative information systems

Ensure deadlines are met

Endure the processing and printing of forms, reports and checks and the

processing of other interfaces, during and after business hours.

Perform daily scheduled tasks, such as EDI and other batch processing

Assistant Manager: The Practice Manager is a liaison between MIS/IT and the

customer. The Practice Manager performs a variety of functions that include:

Provide leadership and management to MIS/IT development teams and projects

Consult with customers (independently or in partnership with MIS/IT Consultant,

MIS/IT Senior Consultant and/or Program Manager) to understand and analyze

operational procedures and information generation or utilization needs, including

why the project was requested, as well as the project requirements and scope

including the risk, time, and cost

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Oversee and actively participate in the development of the Project Workbook (in

conjunction with the Program Manager and Customer)

Develop the project plan including the resource, skill and skill level requirements

Develop procedures for changing scope and project acceptance procedures

Develop review schedules and acceptance criteria at each phase of the project

Work with the Program Manager and Customer to identify the technical approach

to be used and the deliverables to be furnished at the completion of the project,

including the development of a strategic plan, systems analysis, technical design,

coding, testing, and turnover to production of the application

Oversee and direct, in conjunction with a Program Manager, the strategic IS plan,

development of business requirements, development of functional and program

specifications, relational database design, programming, testing, implementation

and documentation for applications

Develop the project management approach including training needed for the

project team, reporting structure of the project, frequency of interaction between

managers and resources, the number and frequency of team meetings, and the

need for and the extent of involvement of external project stakeholders

Outline the responsibilities of different parties including customers, management,

project team, vendors, and other stakeholders

Work with customers and project teams to integrate new systems into the end-user

environment.

Program Manager: The Program Manager provides leadership and management of

MIS/IT development teams and projects. Program Managers perform a variety of

functions that include:

Oversee and direct, in conjunction with a Practice Manager, the strategic IS plan,

development of business requirements, development of functional and program

specifications, relational database design, programming, testing, implementation

and documentation for applications

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Oversee and actively develop the Project Workbook (in conjunction with the

Practice Manager and Customer) including why the project was requested, as well

as the project requirements and scope including the risk, time, and cost

Work with Practice Manager and Customer to identify the technical approach to

be used and the deliverables to be furnished at the completion of the project

Schedule and assign resources to ensure that applications satisfy users’ needs and

are completed within agreed upon time parameters

Monitor the status of the technical resources and tasks using tools such as the

MIS/IT Work Database

Work with the Practice Manager to manage and oversee the system development

process including systems analysis, technical design, coding, testing, and turnover

to production of the application

Develop and maintain technical documentation on computer-based information

systems; compile documentation for design changes or creation criteria.

Technical Architect: The Technical Architect is a member of the MIS/IT department

who manages the overall technical architecture of the department. Their responsibilities

include:

Continually research the information technology marketplace for new and

innovative technologies and application development practices. Proactively

propose these new technologies as solutions to business problems.

Review proposed projects to ensure that they adhere to MIS/IT strategic

technology vision

Review on-going and proposed projects to identify opportunities for reuse,

process improvement

Serve as a resource to all teams in evaluating and proposing technical alternatives

for resolving project issue

Technical Lead: The Technical Lead provides leadership to the technical resources and

works in conjunction with the Program Manager and Practice Manager to ensure that

project milestones are met. The Technical Lead performs a variety of functions that

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include:

Provide technical leadership to technical resources and customers to meet project

deadlines and ensure project objective are met

Plan, schedule, and coordinate activities related to system development projects

Consult and mentor technical resources concerning methods, procedures, and

standards to be used during design, development, and unit testing phases of

system development projects

Provide system or technical development expertise to the technical resource team

Communicate issues and status information to the Program Manager and Practice

Manager concerning system development activities.

Technical Resources: Technical Resources may be either Vanderbilt employees or

external consultants specifically hired to do development work. The Technical Resources


Consult with members of the project team to analyze operational procedures and

information generation or utilization needs, which may include analyze, design,

test, and implement enhancements to complex production information systems

Provide consultation on business process design, database administration

functions for project implementation teams, maintenance and enhancement teams,

and training teams

Design computer programs, forms, reports, and interfaces

Create innovative software applications from scratch using state-of-the-art

languages, protocols, and software methodologies

Perform unit testing on computer programs, forms, reports, and interfaces

Create and maintain technical documentation on computer-based information

systems; compiling documentation for design changes or creation criteria

Update systems data and prepare conversion requirements

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Provide assistance to users with software-related issues or problems.

Technical Infrastructure Team: The Technical Infrastructure Team is the group

responsible for supporting the hardware and software components required by a system

implementation. This includes the servers, network printers, operating system, databases,

user security, and network connectivity. The primary responsibilities of this team

include:

Ensure the application software/hardware is consistent with the technical

environment and standards

Provide technical system and database support for:

Capacity and planning

Space management

Backup and recovery

Performance tuning and monitoring

Provide application software change control across the different environments

Install and upgrade server and application software

Assist technical resources with database design

Provide database administration support for systems development and upgrades.

While working at VHT it was my first experience to work in the IT department of an

organization and here for the first time I analyze the importance of MIS/IT department in

the organization. And I feel that today you cannot operate your organization with just a

computer department and some data entry personals. Now the world has changed where

technology is transforming the ways of doing business.

During my internship program I find that this internship helps me to better understand the

working environment of the organization by finding the relationship between what is

written in the books and what is actually going on in fields. The theory written in the

books in cases is not implemented as it is. In some cases theory is implemented with a

little modification but in other cases theory has nothing to do with practice.

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To me, Theory gives you the direction to understand the processes and the terminologies

going across the World using best business practices in a broader view covering each and

every aspect of possible business scenarios. On the contrary practical life is specific,

enclosed in a jar. In practical professionalism and firm’s environment is each and every

thing. Professional life only builds on the knowledge based on books even though it may

only use 1% of the theoretical knowledge. During my internship I also analyze that the

concepts in books are written on ideology basis where every thing works fit and fine but

in practical life it is not necessary that every thing works like as you think.

Now here is comprehensive list of almost all the functions that the IT department of

VHT performs.

1. Provide end-user support in a friendly, comforting and prompt manner

2. Explore and recommend alternatives to current implementations and

technologies

3. Documentation of the records.

4. Develop usage instructions for end-users of products.

5. Testing and acquiring new technology for getting an edge over competitors.

6. Installation of software in computers of other departments.

7. Provide trouble-shooting / consultation in any case of problem.

8. Maintaining the data network

9. Implementation of new technology standards in the instruments.

10. Perform server maintenance / backups

11. Ensuring compliance of equipment usage with company’s guidelines.

12. Setting up IT resources for new and current employees

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13. Contribute to the company’s technical-support knowledge database

14. Placing orders for new software or updates if necessary.

15. Inventory tracking and record-maintenance

16. 24/7 technical support help desk for customers.

7.2 Support to other departments:

The IT department at VHT currently provides support to the marketing

department such as the development of broacher’s maintenance of the

website etc. secondly it provides its services to the assembly department in

dealing with hi tech instruments such as ultraviolet rays generator systems

etc. Thirdly it provides user manual guides of filtration systems for the

customers of the VHT. The IT department also helps the account department

in maintaining the records of the company.

The IT department is like a main hub for the company as this department

connects different departments of the VHT with each other.

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8. Critical Analysis

8.1 Requirement Analysis

Introduction and Scope:

The growing popularity of Database and Information system introduced new terms of

record keeping such as IIS (Inventory Information System). It might be possible that in

near future there would be no need of many clerks in an office for the purpose of record

keeping. Only a single data entry person can do the work of many people at a time. The

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data thus recorded in the database would serve equally all the departments of the

organization. The concept of information system defines a system where all records of

the organization are collected and they can be assessed by any related department of the

organization. This project is intended to give both stock room and other departments the

ability to do their jobs effectively and efficiently without even leaving their places. The

project is simply described as modeling a real world object (i.e. Database system for the

stock room of VHT) into computer world. As in the real life we can see that there are

many clerks working in an office and maintaining records of inventory.

When I investigate the current IIS project that I choose for my self I observe that it can

be grouped mainly in two Phases. In the first phase the project is designed to work on

small LAN where the head office has a complete record of all the components in its

stock room. The second phase of project is designed to work through Internet that allows

it to be used more commonly.

For my internship I chose the first phase because the second phase needs many more

technical skills and a good command on modern computer languages such as ASP.NET,

VISUAL BASIC etc. As a student currently I can only design a simple SQL database

for just LAN operating inside the head office.

Objective:

My objective here in VHT is to design a simple but a very helpful information system

for the Inventory room of the VHT.

Actually the IT department at VHT had got the facility of HRIS but there is no record

holding of the inventory system. They were just relaying on the old paper work where

they much of their time in finding the required parts of the instruments.

As I have mentioned in my reports that VHT is a services providing company it has its

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own assembly line where the different parts of a treatment unit RO system or a simple

filter are assembled as per order requirement. It is estimated that company uses almost

600 different parts in assembly units while a assembling different products for their

customers.

The existing System:

The existing system at VHT is:

The purchase made purchases throughout the year as per the orders of the

engineer and various other technicians.

Some of the material purchased (or parts purchased) are being consumed by the

assembly line instantly but the remaining of them were goes to the storeroom.

The problem with the store room is that there is no proper record system for the

store room.

Now on this basis the purchase department, the sales department, the General

Manager, the assembly line does not have any information about their stock

although they have had a comprehensive and a very big store room.

Now problem is that in VHT to assemble each category filter or a treatment unit

requires a dedicated list of parts during assembling.

The company has a large range of products so ultimately the range for parts used

in these products will also have a comprehensive list or number.

So there is an emergency need of an information system which can help them to

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overcome the problem.

To overcome this problem I was assigned a task to prepare an information system which

is capable of helping the assembly line, the purchase department, the finance department,

and also the sales department. Because if these departments can got better knowledge

then it would help them to solve many problems.

The New system and its contributions:

The new system which is going to develop for the company is the database of the

storeroom. This can help the different departments at VHT in different ways.

Such that.

The purchase department and assembly now by using the system can now do

better capacity planning.

The finance department can use the system for better forecasting of the financial

statements.

Another advantage that this system will provide to the company is that company

can maintain a large stock of spare parts in the storeroom so that he problem of

immediate increase in the prices of different parts in the international market can

be solved.

In existing system when sales department get an order for a treatment plant it

informs about the order to other departments of the company such as purchase

department (to purchase raw materials) and to the assembly line to be prepared for

the assembling of the plant.

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It takes two to three weeks to reach the raw equipment or unassembled parts to

assembly line from different countries.

Each treatment unit takes more than 45 parts to be assembled and the assembly

line works on a patron where they assemble the plant step by step.

Now think if they got every thing in their store room related to the plant but only

one part is missing and they do not have any knowledge of that so at the middle of

the assembling process they have to stop their work for two to three weeks so that

the related missing part can be purchased.

The above written problems encouraged me to develop a system for the inventory system

of the VHT. The IT department of the company had already started the data collection

process for that system. After I got internship at VHT the manager of IT department

asked me to attend that task. So as an internee I started working on that project.

People who helped me at various levels:

As I was a new comer in that information System Field so ultimately I need some

encouragements and some practical training of the database. During my studies I was also

studying my database development course CS-403 and the information systems CS-507

and another very helpful course named as Software Project management.

But along with the book knowledge I also need some practical and professional

knowledge about all these courses. So the IT department helped me in that regard.

The manager IT Mr. Qaiser Imtiaz taught me SQL at practical level and I got practical

training of SQL server 2005 enterprise edition at HRIS of the VHT.

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After getting training at SQL server now I was in a position to develop a system for the

company. But still I need assistance so my supervisor asked me to work under the

software designer and developer of the company.

I started work on the project at 10-12-2008 and I completed the task I have been given on

05-01-2009 under the supervision of IT department.

Project Requirements:

Project requirements are:

A Computer System

Microsoft SQL server.

Microsoft Project.

Users of the new system:

Finance Department

IT department

Purchase Department

And the Assembly line

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Collaboration of the department with my project:

The IT department.

The Purchase department.

The assembly line.

8.2 Data Gathering

After doing a careful analysis of my project requirements I was in need of the data so I

developed a questionnaire for the purpose of data collection which is included in the

Annexes portion of my report.

The data I need to develop the system was that.

The name of the part.

ID of the part.

The name of the plant.

ID of the plant.

Category of the plant.

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And finally the quantity of the parts.

Explanation:

At VHT each part has got an id and each plant has also got an id so this will do a lot of

help to me. The other data members such as category of the plant determines the category

on numerical values such as dlro01 tells us that “domestic light reverse osmosis system

01” similarly the explanation of some plant names and plant id’s and also the parts name

and parts id’s of some parts are given at the end of my report in the annexes portion.

After the development of the questionnaire it was given to the assembly department to fill

it. The questionnaire was also given to the purchase department and the store keeper for

the verification of the information provided by the assembly line. After three days I got

the filled questionnaire back I started my work on SQL under the supervision of Mr.

Qaiser Imtiaz.

3. System design (The DFD for the System)

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Sending request and payment

Sending & adding info.

Receiving yes or no.

Assembly Unit Inventory House for raw parts

Sending Request for Parts

Receiving Parts

3.0Check database

Parts Database

Purchase Department

1.0Purchasin

g Parts

Int. Brands

Receiving Equipment.

Receiving request

Sending Instruments2.0

purchaseRequest

Requesting

Parts

Pur. Req.Parts

4.0Asking

for money

Approval

Finance Dept.Request

Approved/Not approved


The Entity Relationship Diagram for store room database system:

________________________________________________________________________Page 94 of 111

Plant_Part_Store

Plant

Name

ID.

Parts for plants

Name

ID.

Store

Room No.

Quantity


The Tabular representation of the database

Table name StorePart ID Part Name Plant ID Plant Name Quantity RoomGAC001 Granular activated

carbonAA47 Domestic RO 4 R6

. . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . . .

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Separation of the Table :

The separation of the above table has been done in three parts to remove redundancies from the data base.

Table name Store 2Part ID Plant ID Part NameGAC001 AA47 Granular activated carbon. . .

Table name PartsPart ID Part NameGAC001 Granular activated carbon. .

Table name PlantsPlant ID Plant NameAA47 Domestic RO. .

Table name QuantityPart ID Quantity Room Part nameGAC001 4 R6 Granular activated

carbon

The tables just shows the formation and style of the data base system

8.4. Implementation

The data thus obtained was transformed to logical schema so that the implementation

phase can be completed successfully. The data was collected in the form of questionnaire

from different departments was entered in to our database. The different plant names

plant ID’s part names and part ID’s were and also all the related information was

enterewd into the data base.

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The data entry phase was a difficult and time consuming work. So the assistant managers

also provide some help in this regard. The data was entered in the forms in SQL server.

Form was created through form wizard. The IT manager also provide his valuable

suggestions in this process. After the successful entery of records the data of store room

was accessed successfully.

The relational representation of the Database:

Store2(PartID, Plant ID, PartName)

Plant(PlantID, PlantName)

Part(PartID, PartName) The keys were mentioned as underlined.

The SQL Server 2005 enterprise edition was used for the database design and I use

different queries in the database which not only helps me in my studies but I have also

got experience in SQL.

About SQL Server:

The code base for MS SQL Server (prior to version 7.0) originated in Sybase SQL

Server, and was Microsoft's entry to the enterprise-level database market, competing

against Oracle, IBM, and, later, Sybase itself. Microsoft, Sybase and Ashton-Tate

originally teamed up to create and market the first version named SQL Server 1.0 for

OS/2 (about 1989) which was essentially the same as Sybase SQL Server 3.0 on Unix,

VMS, etc. Microsoft SQL Server 4.2 was shipped around 1992 (available bundled with

Microsoft OS/2 version 1.3). Later Microsoft SQL Server 4.21 for Windows NT was

released at the same time as Windows NT 3.1. Microsoft SQL Server v6.0 was the first

version designed for NT, and did not include any direction from Sybase’s Server 2005,

________________________________________________________________________Page 97 of 111


released in October 2005, is the successor to SQL Server 2000. It included native support

for managing XML data, in addition to relational data. For this purpose, it defined an xml

data type that could be used either as a data type in database columns or as literals in

queries. XML columns can be associated with XSD schemas; XML data being stored is

verified against the schema. XML is converted to an internal binary data type before

being stored in the database.

9. SWOT Analysis

Strengths:

The Company’s Industrial unit or branch is situated in district Kasur. This location is

rich with the market for water treatment plants that is required by the leather

tanneries for the purpose of treating the contaminated water.

VHT is growing with a very high speed and the strategy they follow is that they set

goals for every year. They expand their sales volume to Rs. 35.7 million in just 3.5

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years which is a great achievement in a sector where people have no awareness of

drinking pure water.

The information system of VHT is very extensive and helps them a lot in managing

their customer needs.

The Company uses best and most trusted brand’s equipment in its plants which is

imported from different advanced countries of the world. The company uses

guarantees of world’s most trusted brands.

The Company has currently imported special instruments for its advanced water test

laboratory. This is a great achievement for the company as their competitors do not

have this facility.

In Pakistan there are just a few companies which have the technology of installation

and development of large scale industrial water treatment plants.

It also has developed a place in the market by being the only company which

provides the fabrication facility for water tanks in Pakistan.

VHT is one of the pioneers of water treatment industry in Pakistan which has got a

very honorable place in the water treatment market in just 4 years.

VHT also got strength of diversified equipment used in water treatment units. The

company uses Hi-Tech water treatment instruments both cheap (imported from

China) and expensive (imported from USA and Germany etc.) so that the company

can negotiate to almost all kinds of customers.

The price of treatment units at VHT is high in the market as compared to its

competitors because VHT preferably uses expensive and trusted parts in its filtration

________________________________________________________________________Page 99 of 111


units so people trusted them.

The company uses water treatment systems of internationally recognized brands such

as Philips; LG. etc. So VHT also take advantage of names of international brands as

their competitors use cheap quality and low priced Chinese equipment.

Different institutions such as banks, Schools, and domestic people trust the name of

VHT.

The company is going to get ISO 9001 certification from TUV which will also help

them to get advantage making it a reliable service provider company. This will help

them to do marketing more reliably.

VHT along with its one competitor has got the collaboration with SCCI which

provides them a lot of facilities in doing their business.

Vivo Hydro Technologies compensates its employees, better than all the other

industries.

The basic salary of the company employees is higher than even the salary package

offered in the industry.

Weaknesses:

The location where the VHT head office is located is outside the industrial estate in

Silakot which in my views not good for the company because it will be the priority of

services providing companies to open their offices in the industrial estates.

The VHT also faces problems in hiring good quality of employees due to non

________________________________________________________________________Page 100 of 111


availability of HRM department despite that they offers best salaries.

The company also has one chemical engineer for its all branches. In my views if the

engineer leaves the job for any reason than there is a possibility that company will

face problems.

The company did not use non branded materials for their filtration systems which

causes in purchase of expensive materials from different countries thus ultimately

increasing its costs for devices in the market as compared to its rivals.

The company also bears the freight charges as most of the cases they import material

directly from other countries hampering the profitability of the company. And also

the price of its devices increases. Hence Vivo Hydro Technologies is extraordinarily

sensitive to the changes in the price of materials.

The location of the company limits the ability of the company to distribute its

services all over Pakistan.

The main assembly lines and stores are situated in Sialkot so to deliver the equipment

to other branches is a difficult work.

This problem has affected both the local and country wide sales of the company.

Vivo Hydro Technologies is short of in transportation facility to distribute their

product in markets.

Karachi is a very big market for them but far a way from Sialkot also creats

problems.

The company has borrowed heavy loans from the Banks, further increasing the debt

burden over the company.

Opportunities:

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At present the WHO has imposed some allegations on the leather industry of Pakistan

so that will ultimately a chance for VHT to expand its business more.

If the WHO and European Union restricts their imports from Pakistan on a condition

of environmental guarantee than that will prove gold fore the company.

The company is going to get ISO 9001 certification from TUV which will also help

them to get advantage making it a reliable service provider company. This will help

them to do marketing more reliably.

VHT can take benefit from its ISO 9001 certification as there are only a few ISO

9001 certified companies in Pakistan.

The demand of water treatment units has been increasing rapidly providing VHT a

good chance to expand in the new markets.

VHT is going to launch online shopping for water treatment solutions so this will also

an opportunity to grow in the market using IT.

VHT along with its one competitor has got the collaboration with SCCI which

provides them a lot of facilities in doing their business in near future.

Threats:

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The company is highly vulnerable to price competition since it faces higher cost of

production as a result of increased cost of imported parts.

The rocketing increase in prices of electricity, Gas, and other equipments has been

affecting badly to company’s profitability.

Pakistani overall Industry is facing a horrible situation as in sense of electricity load

shedding and increase in the prices of electricity causes the industries to close so

ultimately affecting all services providing companies.

The day after day terrorist attacks and the suicidal bombing have caused the unrest in

the whole Pakistan thus creating challenges for Pakistanis to get business.

Intimation of the government of Pakistan to increase the duty on electronic devices

(including devices used in treatment units) in the budget 2008-2009 can also create

problems for the VHT to maintain its production costs.

10. Conclusion & Recommendations

Suggestions and Recommendations:

VHT just had one chemical engineer for all branches which is strange so I recommend at

least 5 chemical engineers for the company.The salary package should be revised for the

employees .It would not only raise the efficiency of the employees but also decrease the

turnover rate of the valued employees.

By minimizing the inconsistency in the policies, consistency must be improved in the

policies to reap long-term benefits of the policies.

Activities of the labor union must be banned with immediate effect Apart from the

political pressure; the unionism is the main cause of the deterioration of industry.

________________________________________________________________________Page 103 of 111


The staff must be trained and skilled properly. Secondly, the right person should be put to

the right job so that the customer may be satisfied with the conduct and modus operandi

of the staff.

Performance base reward system must be introduced. It is the best way to decide about

the efficiency of the employees.

Favoritism and union pressures about the hiring, promotion and reward system should be

minimized rather eliminated as injustice discourages every qualified, hardworking and

conscientious employee. Every eligible employee should be rewarded according to his

merit.

The VHT already has better schemes for buyers. But there is a need to launch some more

and attractive schemes for the people in order to facilitate them.

There is a need for continuous advertisement to aware the people about the company in

order to attract the customers towards it.

The reception/counter of the company is considered as the alpha and omega of industrial

business. Customer satisfied with the counter service proves an asset to the organization.

Therefore, utmost care should be taken while dealing with the customers at the counter.

The staff at the counter must be highly skilled and trained according to the changing

trends of the world.

Due to ponderous and long judiciary procedure, the defaulters always manage a happy

escape. To overcome this problem, positive changes in the Recovery Act should be made

so that the company may recover the amount from the sale proceeds of the

pledge/mortgaged property without seeking permission from the court. This task should

be accomplished within six months.

Conclusion:

During my internship training at VHT I have learned a lot and my vision and practical

exposure has broadened very much from my two months internship. In the industrial

sector, VHT is contributing a lot in the water treatment industry of Pakistan Moreover the

use of IT has opened new horizons for the Treatment industry and has changed the

________________________________________________________________________Page 104 of 111


business scenario to a large extant.

Further, I also concluded that 100 percent concentration, full care, analytical, descriptive

and communication skills are the key prerequisites for working in an industry. Any how,

precisely speaking this internship of two months is memorable period for me during

which I availed the opportunity to flourish my communication skills, polish my

capabilities and abilities, upgrade my knowledge about industrial sector and broaden my

vision and exposure towards practical life.

11. References

Reference material used for compiling this report is gathered from these Sources

www.who.org

www.vivo.com.pk

Management Information Systems (Managing the digital firm) by Kenneth C. Laudon &

Jane P. Laudon. Tenth edition.

________________________________________________________________________Page 105 of 111

http://www.vivo.com.pk/

http://www.who.org/


The database management systems by RamaKrishanan and Gehrke. International

Edition.

Software Project Management by E.M. Bennaton Second Edition.

www.wwfpakistan.org

About SQL Server

www.microsoft.com

Hell for leather –Pakistan (Article) http://www.handsontv.info/

www.eu.com

National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) Pakistan.

www.wikipedia.com The encyclopedia

The information about brands used was taken from the companies’ official website

12. Annexes

Questionnaire used for Data Collection.

Department Name:

___________________________________________________

Department ID:

________________________________________________________________________Page 106 of 111

http://www.wikipedia.com/

http://www.eu.com/

http://www.handsontv.info/

http://www.microsoft.com/

http://www.wwfpakistan.org/


___________________________________________________

Employee Name:

___________________________________________________

Employee ID:

___________________________________________________

Employee Designation:

___________________________________________________

Responsibilities:

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Expertise:

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Write down the List of Devices/Parts/Instruments used by the company (Fill in the box given below)

Please follow the following pattern while filling in the Box:

The name of the part.

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ID of the part.

The name of the plant.

ID of the plant.

Category of the plant.

Quantity of the parts available currently.

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________________________________________________________________________Page 109 of 111


--The End—

________________________________________________________________________Page 110 of 111


Husnain AfzalM.B.A (VU)

Sialkot, Pakistan.E-mail: [email protected]

Ph: 052-8116425Cell: 0333-8691306

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