Palestra apresentada na quinta-feira técnica na sede do Banco do Brasil em Brasilia. Cobre a relação entre Internet of Things (IoT) e arquiteturas software-defined. Apresenta a proposta NovaGenesis como solução à integração desses dois paradigmas.
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‣ NovaGenesis: Convergent Information Architecture
Outline
‣ Since 2000, several initiatives to redesign the Internet appeared under the banner of the so called Future Internet Architecture (FIA) design. !
‣ Today, there are hundreds of initiatives overspread all over the world.
!‣ They can be classified as:
ú Clean slate - Aim at redesigning from “scratch" the Internet architecture using the state-of-the-art of contemporary information and communications technologies. !
ú Evolutionary - Aim at continuing evolving TCP/IP Internet. !‣ Since 2008, I am designing a new convergent information
architecture called NovaGenesis.
Current Scenario
Current Scenario‣ A branch of FIA design is the Internet of Things (IoT), or more
generally the Internet of Everything (IoE). !
‣ The IoE can be defined as to make everything belong to the Internet. !
‣ Another branch of FIA is the Software-Defined Networking (SDN), which can also be generalized to Software-Defined Everything (SDE). !
‣ The clean slate approaches wonder if the current Internet can support the challenge of scalability, naming, identification, mobility, manage and control of billions of nodes. !
‣ We are going to discuss the relationships of both branches in the context of the NovaGenesis clean-slate architecture.
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
• Networking can be defined as the act of establishing a network among equipment in order to exchange data and information.
• According to Shenker, “current networks are essentially designed to ‘master the complexity’ behind existing technologies, rather than to “extract simplicity” from the learned lessons”.
• Shenker defends the idea that abstractions play a big role on computer science, shielding high level software from the complexity existing in the lower levels.
• In this context, SDN means to rethink network architectures considering the important role of abstractions. Means to do networking as “software engineering”.
What is SDN?
• However, SDN can also mean that some functionality (the functionality of ‘something’) is defined by software, i.e. it works accordingly to some controlling software.
• Thus, SDN means to establish networks where physical/virtual equipment functionalities are controlled by software.
• The equipment could be everything that can be used to do networking, while functionalities could be any networking functionality.
• This definition raised on the scope of software-defined radio (SDR) and cognitive radio (CR), but this is a long story ;-)
Current Hardware Equipment
Fonte: Andrés F. M. Quezada, “Uma Visão Geral de Redes Definidas por Software e o Protocolo OpenFlow”, Trabalho de Conclusão, Pós-Graduação Inatel, 2014
Networking Plane’s Interaction
Fonte: Andrés F. M. Quezada, “Uma Visão Geral de Redes Definidas por Software e o Protocolo OpenFlow”, Trabalho de Conclusão, Pós-Graduação Inatel, 2014
The Shenker’s et al. SDN
• It proposes four abstractions to simplify network control:
• Forwarding - It encompasses a flexible, software-controlled, frame forwarding model.
• State distribution - comprehends a centralized control program that operates over a summarized network view.
• Configuration - The output of the control program is a networking configuration map. To create the required network view a network operating system (NOS) is used.
• Specification - It enables the generation of abstract configurations for network devices. Such abstract configurations need to be mapped to the physical ones.
Decoupling Hardware from Software
Fonte: Andrés F. M. Quezada, “Uma Visão Geral de Redes Definidas por Software e o Protocolo OpenFlow”, Trabalho de Conclusão, Pós-Graduação Inatel, 2014
The Four Abstractions
Fonte: Andrés F. M. Quezada, “Uma Visão Geral de Redes Definidas por Software e o Protocolo OpenFlow”, Trabalho de Conclusão, Pós-Graduação Inatel, 2014
OpenFlow
• It is probably the best well-known SDN initiative.
• It is a standard that covers SDN forwarding and configuration abstractions.
• It covers the structure of an OpenFlow switch as well as the protocol used by the control program (controller) to generate the network view and to configure forwarding tables.
• A diversity of controllers can be used together with OpenFlow: NOX, HyperFlow, DevoFlow, Onix, etc.
‣ To make an Internet build of physical “Things”.
‣ To bring the Internet to the “Things”.
‣ To put the “Things” on the Internet.
‣ How many “Things”?
What is Internet of Things?
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Real-Virtual Worlds Integrationü New “smart” embedded devices are emerging and becoming
connected to the Internet. !
ü This will create a flood of real world information, considerably enriching our applications, making them more aware of what happens in the real world, in real time, everywhere. !
ü To transform this huge amount of raw data on knowledge is one of the biggest challenges behind the IoT. !!!
ü There is an entire cycle of data processing up to the generation of cooperative knowledge networks.
Real-Virtual Worlds Integrationü New applications are emerging to take advantage of this
situational information, e.g. like augment reality, ambient intelligence, social appliances, networked cars, etc. !!!!!!!
ü In addition, decisions made on the virtual side can be reflected on the real environment. This will help us to save energy, to better use our resources.
ü IoT and FI resources need be exposed to software orchestration frameworks, allowing the dynamic and integrated composition of real and virtual existences.
Resources Exposition and Service-Centrismü Entire services’ life-cycles can be orchestrated involving such
exposed resources. !
ü The life-cycle can include devices description, search, selection, negotiation, admission, installation, monitoring, failure handling, and all the other management functionalities. !
ü In short, IoT capabilities can be seen as a service (IoT-as-a-service). !
ü This view approximates the IoT to the so-called Internet of Services (IoS).
Resources Exposition and Service-Centrismü Some open challenges on IoT + IoS are:
ú How to design a service-oriented IoT? ú How to enable the joint orchestration of non-IoT and IoT substrate
resources and services? ú How small sensors and actuators will expose their capabilities, or
establish dynamic contracts? ú How to share IoT resources among several orchestration
frameworks? ú How to describe the device capabilities? ú How to format the contracts? ú How to provide the adequate search mechanisms? ú Which circumstances can cause a contract revocation? ú How to provide energy-awareness?
ü IoT can be used to collect real-world information that is relevant for networking control, as well as to reflect software decisions on network hardware.
!ü Some open issues are:
ú How the well-known limitations of WSANs will shape the application of the SDN paradigm on this networks?
ú How to design networking control and management systems that take advantage of the IoT?
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
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Antônio
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IDENTIFICAÇÃO E LOCALIZAÇÃO
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
AntônioCâmera 1
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DESCOBERTA
Eu tenho fotos do Antônio!
Eu guardo fotos do Antônio!
Eu tenho fotos do Antônio!
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NEGOCIAÇÃO
Vamos trabalhar juntos?
Vamos trabalhar juntos?
Vamos trabalhar juntos?
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TROCA DE INFORMAÇÃO
Ai vão as minhas fotos!
Ok!Ai vão as minhas fotos!
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RASTREABILIDADE
AntônioCâmera 1
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Meu tablet
Meu Repositório de Fotos
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Confiável!
Não confiável!
CONFIANÇA E REPUTAÇÃO
"Collaboration logo V2" by Berdea - Own work. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Collaboration_logo_V2.svg#mediaviewer/File:Collaboration_logo_V2.svg
Hoje
Transmissor envia
Origem do Spam! Internet
Receptor aceita tudo
MODELO DE COMUNICAÇÃO(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Futuro
Transmissor publica
Fim do Spam!InternetReceptor
assina
MODELO DE COMUNICAÇÃO(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Rede Local 2
ID=143.106.52.3LOC=143.106.52.3
ID=10.0.0.3LOC=10.0.0.3
Hoje
Rede Local 1
MOBILIDADE
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Futuro
ID=FFFF12211243865…LOC=FEFEF1421412411…
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MOBILIDADE
Rede Local 2Rede Local 1
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Dispositivos Sociais
Representantes
DISPOSITIVOS SOCIAIS
INTERAGEM UNS COM OS OUTROS USANDO REPRESENTANTES DE SOFTWARE.
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Developing a NovaGenesis IoT
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Social Devices
Window Sensor
Storm
Nobody at home
Towards a Trustable Fellowship of Self-Organizing “Things”
Open windowPresence Sensors
Weather Sensors
Close the window
Window !Representative
Presence Sensors !Representative
Weather Sensors !Representative
Smart !Assistant
From “H”RoF RoF
Splitter
Access Point
Spectrum Analyzer
Antenna Control Link
From “H”
To “E” To “E”
Optical Switch
Throughtput (Mbps)CINR (dB)
RF
Sa Freque
NovaGenesis Services for Proxy/Gateway/Control of: !ü Spectrum Sensing ü Optically
Controlled Antenna
ü Access Point ü Wi-Fi VLAN !!
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.
Convergência IoE, SDE, Rádio Cognitivo e Sobre Fibra
Developing a NovaGenesis IoT Smart Future Internet Architecture
Physical World
Self-Organizing !Physical World Representatives
People!Policies, Rules, Regulations, etc.
Self-Organizing!Assistants, Controllers, Managers, etc.
(c) Antonio Alberti 2014, Inatel - All rights reserved.