Roberto Polillo Derpartment of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano Bicocca Intervento al corso elettivo “Promozione della salute infantile nei Paesi in via di sviluppo” per studenti della Scuola di Medicina dell’Università di Milano Bicocca - April 14, 2014 Internet & sustainable telemedicine for developing Countries: an introduction 1
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Internet and sustainable telemedicine for developing countries: an introduction
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Roberto PolilloDerpartment of Informatics, Systems and Communication,University of Milano Bicocca
Intervento al corso elettivo “Promozione della salute infantile nei Paesi in via di sviluppo” per studenti della Scuola di Medicina dell’Università di Milano Bicocca - April 14, 2014
Internet & sustainable telemedicine for developing Countries: an introduction
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What is telemedicine
"Telemedicine is the delivery of health care services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, research and evaluation, and for the continuing education of health care providers, all in the interest of advancing the health of individuals and their communities.” WHO, Telemedicine, Opportunities and Developments in Member States, 2010
ALLOW NOW to develop affordable and sustainable telemedicine
applications for developing Countries
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Obstacles to telemedicine adoption (according WHO)
In developed Countries: Problems connected to protection of personal data Different priorities Perceived lack of demand
In developing Countries: Availability & maintenance of necessary infrastructures: electric net instability, availability & quality of Internet connectivity, bandwidth, obsolete computers, computer viruses, availability of technical personnelhttp://www.who.int/goe/publications/goe_telemedicine_2010.pdf
1 internet access every 2 TV1 internet access every 2 TV
2.7 B people2.7 B people
Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2013 2 B people40% annual growth since 2007 2 B people40% annual growth since 2007
R.Polillo - Marzo 201311
Mobile broadband growth
“Expectations are high that mobile-broadband services will become equally as available as mobile-cellulare telephony in the near future.
Ericsson forecasts that by 2018 there will be 6.5 billion mobile-broadband subscriptions, almost as many as there are mobile telephone subscriptions in 2013.”
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Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2013
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions (2007-2013*)
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Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2013
Annual growthPenetration
6 yearsdi
vide
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions (2013*)16
Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2013
Electronic health records: enabling the communication of patient data between different healthcare professionals
Telemedicine: physical and psychological treatments at a distance Consumer health information: use of online resources on medical topics by healthy
individuals or patients
Health knowledge management: best practice guidelines, online resources for the healthcare professionals, epidemiological tracking
Virtual healthcare teams: healthcare professionals collaborating and sharing information on patients through online communication tools
M-health: using mobile devices in collecting patient health data, providing healthcare information, real-time monitoring of patient vitals, and direct provision of care
Healthcare online information systems: for hospital and healthcare professionals: appointment scheduling, patient data management, work schedule management and other administrative tasks surrounding health
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Case study: www.cure4kids.org
A free, global online medical education and collaboration network
A web-based education project of St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital (Memphis, USA) to help health professionals in countries with limited resources to improve survival rates of children with catastrophic deseases
Seminars, papers, oncopoedia, interest groups, international live online web conferences
May 2012: > 31.000 registered users in 183 countries
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Know-how globalization
Conclusions
The evolution of the Internet, the “mobile miracle” and the telephony / internet convergence open possibilities untinkable until a few years ago for developing Countries