International Partnerships on 3R and Circular Economy in ...

International Partnerships on

3R and Circular Economy in Asia and the Pacific

Shigemoto KAJIHARA

Japan Waste Research Foundation

10th Regional 3R and Circular Economy Forum In Asia and the Pacific

Pollution Challenge

3R ・CE Challenge

Downstream ⇒ Upstream

Sanitation Challenge

Public Cleaning Act（1954）

Basic Act on Establishing a Sound

Material-Cycle Society（2000）

Act on the Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources（1991）

Waste Management and Public Cleansing Act（1970）

History of waste management in Japan

2

Acts for recycling of: vehicles, home appliances, packages, food etc.

3

23,649

29,231

31,227

39,474 39,381 40,604

42,168

38,599 38,121 37,914 38,470 39,284 39,119 38,703 38,354

37,577

621

891

1,625

2,810

4,217 4,394

4,209

5,026 5,222

5,483 5,272

4,536 4,543 4,523 4,487 4,432 4,398 4,317 4,289 4,272

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Public health improvement

Pollution problems and living environmental protection

(10,000 tons) (10,000 tons)

Industrial Waste Municipal Waste

Enactment of the Basic Act

for Establishing

a Sound Material-Cycle Society

Bubble economy

period

Rapid economy

growth period

Enactment of the Waste

Management Act

3R and CE

Trends of Waste Generation & Policy Priority in Japan

1. Clear/Ambitious/Long-term visions or targets setting

2. Common basis on which various stakeholders can discuss

① Shared understanding of elements of CE concept (language)

② Easy-understanding & simple yardsticks for actions

(action-oriented criteria)

③ Information gathering and sharing based on their application

(uniformed information)

④ Standardization/certification

3. Accumulation of success stories = on-the-ground projects/businesses

Ex: plastics, automobile, other specific product/waste

Ex: Matching, Sharing, Market research

4

Approaches & Actions for 3R & CE: Policy level

Types of International Partnership on 3R ⇒ CE

◎National Government driven

◎Local Government driven

◎Business driven

◎Others

〇Policy Development

〇System Development

〇Standardization

〇Project on the ground

〇Information Sharing/Matching: Success & Failure cases

〇Others

International PartnershipGovernment to Government: Japan’s case

1 Bilateral Cooperation

Cooperation on waste management system

(Examples)

- Thailand: MOC on industrial waste with Thai Ministry of Industry

- Vietnam: Legislation on 3R and waste management

- Philippines: Guidelines for waste-to-energy etc.

2 Multilateral Cooperation

Regional 3R & CE Forum in Asia and the Pacific

African Clean Cities Platform(ACCP)

World Circular Economy Forum(WCEF)

３ Technical and Project-based Cooperation

Joint Crediting Mechanism(JCM)

6

7

2930

31

32

33

3435

36

25

26

2728

38

39

40

41

13

14

15

16

171920

21

22

23

241

2

3

4

5

6

7

10

128

9

9

11

11

18

37

37

26

City-to-City collaboration program （FY2013～2020）

Participation by13countries36cities・regionsJapan14local government

＊Project in FY2020

Vietnam

13 Hai Phong Kitakyushu

14 Da Nang Yokohama

15 Ho Chi Minh Osaka

16Kiên Giangand others

Kobe

17 Can Tho Hiroshima

18Soc Trang Province

Hiroshima

Myanmar

3Yangon(region)

Kitakyushu

4 Yangon(city) Kawasaki

5 Ayeyarwady Fukushima

6 Sagaing Fukushima

7 Mandalay Kitakyushu

8 Yangon City Fukuoka

9

SagaingRegion,Ayeyarwady Region

Fukushima

Mongolia

10 Ulaanbaatar

Sapporo・Hokkaido Government

11

Ulaanbaatar city and Tuvaimag

Sapporo

Maldives

1 Malé Toyama

Lao PDR

12 Vieng chan Kyoto

India

2 Bangalore Yokohama

Thailand

19

Bangkok（Bangkok Port・Laem ChabangPort）

Yokohama（Yokohama Port Pier）

20 Rayong Kitakyushu

21 Chiang Mai Kitakyushu

22Eastern Thailand（EEC）

Osaka

Malaysia

25

IskandarDevelopment Area

Kitakyushu

26

IskandarDevelopment Area ・Kota Kinabalu

Toyama

27Penang andothers

Kawasaki

28 Kuala Lumpur Tokyo

Cambodia

23 Phnom Penh Kitakyushu

24 Siem Reap Kanagawa

Indonesia

29 Denpasar Tokyo Union

30 Surabaya Kitakyushu

31 Batam Yokohama

32 Semarang※ Toyama

33 Bandung Kawasaki

34Special Capital Territory of Jakarta

Kawasaki

35 Bali※ Toyama

36Rokan Hulu, Riau

Kawasaki

37Rokan Hulu Regency and Pekanbaru City

Kawasaki

※Joint project for Bali and SemarangPhilippines

38 Quezon Osaka

39 Davao Kitakyushu

Chile

41Renca, Santiago

Toyama

Palau

40 Koror Kitakyushu

Foreign city Japanese city Foreign city Japanese city

Foreign city Japanese city Foreign city Japanese city

International Partnership: Project-based/Business-driven

8

1 Vietnam (Methane fermentation ) 1 Thailand (Municipal solid waste recycle)

2 India(WtE) 2 Indonesia(Tyre Recycle (Tharmal recycle))

3 Vietnam(Hazardous sludge treatment) 3 Indonesia (WtE)

4 Lao (Rice husk fueling) 4 Oman(E-waste Recycle)

5 Vietnam (WtE) 5 Vietnam (WtE)

6 Myanmar (WtE )

7 Australia (WtE)

Example: FS supported by MOEJ 2018-2019