international mobile telecommunication

8/9/2019 international mobile telecommunication

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International Mobile

Telecommunication-2000 (IMT-2000)

An Introduction


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MOBILE COMMUNICATION

1946- 1960s 1980s 1990s 2000s

Appeared 1G 2G 3G

Analog Digital Digital

Multi Multi Unified

Standard Standard Standard

Terrestrial Terrestrial Terr. & Sat


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1 G -analog (cellular revolution)

- only mobile voice services

WIRELESS GENERATIONS

2 G - digital (breaking digital barrier)

- mostly for voice services & data deliverypossible

3 G - Voice & data ( breaking data barrier)

- Mainly for data services where voice sevices

will also be possible

Beyond 3G -Wide band OFDM ?

- But surely higher data rates


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No Global standards

No common frequency band

Low information bit rates

LIMITATIONS OF 2nd GENERATION SYSTEMS

Low voice quality

No support of Video

Various categories of systems to meet specific

requirements


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INTERNATIONAL MOBILE TELECOM 2000. ( IMT-2000)

IMT

A FUTURE STANDARD IN WHICH A SINGLEINEXPENSIVE MOBILE TERMINAL CAN TRUELY

PROVIDE COMMUNICATIONS ANY TIME AND ANY

WHERE

THIRD GENERATION (3 G ) STANDARD


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PROVISIONING OF THESE SERVICES OVER WIDE

RANGE OF USER DENSITIES AND COVERAGE AREAS.

(In-building , Urban , Sub-urban, Global)

EFFICIENT USE OF RADIO SPECTRUM CONSISTENT

WITH PROVIDING SERVICE AT ACCEPTABLE COSY.

IMT-2000 SHALL COVER APPLICATION AREAS

PRESENTLY PROVIDED BY SEPERATELY SYSTEMS I.E

CELLULAR, CORDLESS AND PAGING etc

A HIGH DEGREE OF COMMONALITY OF DESIGN

WORLDWIDE

A MODULAR STRUCTURE WHICH WILL ALLOW THE

SYSTEM TO GROW IN SIZE AND COMPLEXITY


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IMT-2000 KEY FEATURES


ITUs VISION FOR THIRD GENERATION MOBILE

SYSTEM

SINGLE UNIFIED STANDARD (Data & Multimedia Services)

ANYWHERE, ANYTIME COMMUNICATIONACROSS NETWORKS, ACROSS TECHNOLOGIES,

SEAMLESS OPERATION USING A SMALL POCKET

TERMINAL WORLDWIDE.

HIGH SPEED ACCESS 144KB/S, 384 KB/S & 2MB/S FAST

WIRELESS ACCESS TO INTERNET FULL MOTION VIDEOPHONE

TERRESTRIAL & SATELLITE COMPONETS


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IMT-2000 will provide..

Enhanced voice quality, ubiquitouscoverage and enable operators to provide

service at reasonable cost Increased network efficiency and capacity

New voice and data services andcapabilities

An orderly evolution path from 2G to 3Gsystems to protect investments.


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IMT -DS (Direct Spread) : W-CDMA UTRA FDD

IMT -MC (Multi Carrier) : CDMA 2000

IMT-TC ( Time Code) : TD -SCDMA UTRA TDD

IMT -SC ( Single Carrier ) : UWC - 136

IMT-FT (Frequency Time) : DECT

PAIRED DS/ MC/SC ; UNPAIRED TDD

FURTHER HARMONIZATION In Process

UTRA : UTMS Terrestrial Radio Access

UMTS :Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

IMT TECHNOLOGIES

ITU has finally narrowed down technology options

to the following five:


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IMT-DS IMT-MC IMT-TC IMT-SC IMT-FT

WCDMA CDMA2000

1X/3X

TDMACDMA FDMA

CDMA-TDD UWC-136 FDMA/TDMA

DECT

Technologies for IMT-2000IMT-2000 TERRESTRIAL

RADIO INTERFACES


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Migration Path

While a multiplicity of 2G standards have beendeveloped and deployed, the ITU wanted to avoid asimilar situation to develop for 3G.

Hence, the ITU Radio communication Sector (ITU-R)

has elaborated on a framework for a global set of 3Gstandards, which will facilitate global roaming byoperating in a common core spectrum and providingmigration path from all the major existing 2Gtechnologies.

The major 2G Radio access networks are based oneither CDMA One or GSM technologies and differentmigration path is proposed for each of thesetechnologies.


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GSM GPRS EDGE

PDC

CdmaOne

TDMA

IS-136

TDMA/

GPRS

TDMA/

EDGE

Cdma 2000WCDMA

IMT-2000CPABLE SYSTEMS

2000 EVOLVED 2G

64-115 Kbps

TODAY 2G

19.2 Kbps

3G

115-384 Kbps 0.384-2 Mbps


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Evolution from GSM to 3G

GSM

2G

HSCSD

GPRS

2.5G

EDGE

3G


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GSM Evolution

GPRS

200 KHz carrier

115 Kbps peak data rates

EDGE

200 KHz carrier

Data rates up to 384 Kbps

8-PSK modulation

Higher symbol rate

UMTS

5 MHz carrier

2 Mbps peak data rates

New IMT-2000 2 GHz spectru

GSM

200 KHz carrier

8 full-rate time slots

16 half-rate time slots

GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS

3G2.5G2G

HSCSD

HSCSD

Circuit-switched data

64 Kbps peak data rates


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EDGE

Enhanced Data forGSM Evolution Next step towards 3G for GSM/GPRS Networks

Increased data rated up to 384 Kbps by bundling up to8 channels of 48 Kbps/channel

GPRS is based on modulation technique known as

GMSK

EDGE is based on a new modulation scheme thatallows a much higher bit rate across the air-interfacecalled 8PSK modulation.

Since 8PSK will be used for UMTS, network operatorswill be required to introduce this at some stage beforemigration to 3G.


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GSM GPRS EDGE

PDC

CdmaOne

TDMA

IS-136

TDMA/

GPRS

TDMA/

EDGE

Cdma 2000WCDMA

IMT-2000CPABLE SYSTEMS

2000 EVOLVED 2G

64-115 Kbps

TODAY 2G

19.2 Kbps

3G

115-384 Kbps 0.384-2 Mbps


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New

modified

routerSoftware

Upgrade

0101001010

SoftwareUpgrade

0101001010

New

Software

0101001010

New Software0101001010


MSC

PSTN

BSC

BTS

GSM Network

SGSN

WWWEnterprise Network

VPN

IP

Backbone

Adding GPRS Data

GGSN

GPRS

Backbone

New

EquipmentBSC

BSC Upgrade

NewTerminal

New cell sites

(in some cases)

Modem

Pool

BTS

Software

Upgrade

0101001010

BSC Upgrade

NewSoftware

0101010100

New Software

0101010100


MSC

PSTN

BSC

BTS

SGSN

WWWEnterprise Network

VPN

IP

Backbone

GGSN

GPRS

Backbone

Newmodified

router

NewEquipment

BSC

NewTerminal

New cell sites(in some cases)

ModemPool

BTS

3G Data

Backbone

3G

GGSN

W-CDMABSC

3G

SGSN

NewEquipment

& Software

NewEquipment

& Software

W-CDMA

BTS

New

Terminal

Adding W-CDMA


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GSM to UMTS

GSM

BTS

GSM

BSC

GSM

MSC

PDN,(e.g. Internet)

GPRS

Core

Gb

AbisA

PSTN,

ISDN

Integrated

UMTS CoreUMTSBTS

UMTSBSC

UMTS Access Network

Iu-r

Gs

Iu

Iubis

Other

PLMNGSM Elements

UMTS Elements

Service

Creation/

Mgmt.


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GSM to 3G

GSM can be upgraded for higher data rate upto115 Kbps through deploying GPRS (GeneralPacket Radio Service) network.This requiresaddition of two core modules

SGSN (Serving GPRS Service Node)

GGSN (Gateway GPRS Service Node)

GSM radio access network is connected to SGSNthrough suitable interfaces.

GPRS phase-II will support higher data rates up to384 Kbps through incorporating EDGE

( Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution).


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GSM to 3G

Further, to support data rates up to 2 Mbps, Third

Generation radio access network (3G RAN)

W-CDMA is deployed. 3G RAN is connected toGSM MSC for circuit oriented services and to

SGSN for packet oriented services (internet

access). Therefore the migration path can be

represented as :GSM GPRS W-CDMA.


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GSM

Voice

9.6 kbps

IS-136

Voice

9.6 kbps GSM GPRS

30-40 kbps Packet

RF Backward Comp.

PDC

Voice

9.6 kbps

PDC

Voice

28.8 kbps

RF Backward Comp.

W-CDMA

(Japan)

IS-95-A

Voice

14.4 kbps 2.4 Mbps Packet

RF Backward Comp.

Higher Cap Voice/ Data

RF Backward Comp.

1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV

1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

384 kbps Packet

Edge (Europe)Edge (US)

W-CDMA

High Capacity

Voice

384+ kbps Packet

New RF

IS-95-B

Voice

64 kbps Packet

RF Backward Comp.

cdma2000

1X MC

High Capacity Voice

153 kbps Packet

RF Backward Comp.

cdma2000

3X MC

High Capacity Voice

384+ kbps Packet

RF Backward Comp.

MIGRATION PATH


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Migration Summarized

In terms of migration of major 2G system to 3Gcapabilities, there would finally be 3 modes ofCDMA-based radio interfaces (MC-CDMA, W-

CDMA and CDMA-TDD) and two `TDMA basedradio interfaces (UWC-136 and DECT).

Considerable work is being carried out in respectof W-CDMA and CDMA 2000 worldwide. All

European countries are expected to deployW-CDMA as they have GSM based networks.While other countries such as Japan, Korea, USAetc. are likely to use CDMA-2000 or W-CDMA.


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FUTURE TRENDSFUTURE HIGH- SPEED WIRELESS DATA NEEDS

2 - 10 Mb/s packet data rates with wide spread

macro-cellular coverage

Ability to allocate maximum resources to individual

cells in sub-second time.

Less transmitted powers

Further Reduction in cost


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IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES

* MINIMUM SPECTRUM PER OPERATOR

* NO. OF OPERATORS

* SERVICE AREA OF OPERATION

* LICENCING METHOD

* TECHNOLOGY

* INTERCONNECTION ARRANGEMENTS


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EXISTING USERS

IMT-2000 BAND IS 1885-2025AND 2110-2200

MHz

PRESENTLY 1800-2000 MHz BAND IS WITH

DEFENCE

2000-2200 MHz IS USED BY BHARAT SANCHAR

NIGAM/MTNL FOR POINT TO POINT

MICROWAVE LINKS

WPCC TO COORDINATE WITH USERS FOR

VACATING THESE BANDS

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