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WHAT IS?

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HISTORY

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PHILIPPE LEBON

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REV. W. CECIL

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WILLIAM

BARNETT

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tienne Lenoir

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Nicolaus August Otto

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Rudolf Diesel

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Main components of theinternal combustion

engine

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CamshaftCylinderHead

Valves Cylinders

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Block or Monoblock piston

crankshaft Crankcase

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Assembly of the main parts of aninternal combustion engine

In the next picture can be seen as theyare assembled each of the parts of aninternal combustion engine.

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0peration of an internal

combustion engine

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The engine is the mechanism which converts the chemical energy of

fuels into mechanical energy by means of explosion generated insideit. There are 2-stroke and 4-stroke. 4 stroke engines are the mostcurrently used in vehicles.

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Differences betweenOtto and diesel cycle

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In Otto cycle to avoid detonation, it is ensured at any time duringthe loading occurs by compression ignition in diesel engines,however, it is producing, as soon as possible.

In Otto cycle increasing compression ratio on the danger ofdetonation, in the Diesel engine diminishes, because increasing the

temperature of the compression end, the ignition delay decreases.

Diesel engines require much air for combustion to compensate thepoor mixing conditions and within certain limits as combustion isbetter the higher the air excess fuel

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First time: AdmissionAt this time the intake valve is open and the piston, in your career

or downward movement is creating a vacuum within thecombustion chamber as it reaches the PMI (bottom dead center).

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Second time : Compression

Once the piston reaches BDC (bottom dead center), the cam shaft,which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft and which hasremained open until the moment the inlet valve to allow the air-fuelmixture enters the cylinder, closes.

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Third time: ExplosionOnce the cylinder reaches TDC (top dead center) and the air-fuel

mixture has reached the maximum compression, an electricalspark jumps the spark plug electrode, which ignites the mixtureand make it explode.

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Fourth time: EscapeThe piston, which is now back in the PMI occurred after the time of

explosion, begins to rise. The cam shaft, which is kept rotatingsynchronously with the crankshaft then opens the exhaust valveand the gas accumulated in the cylinder to the atmosphere leaving.

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ENGINE TYPES

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Otto engine

There are two types of4T and 2T. Have anaverage yield of 20 to25%.

Operation:1.- Time of admission.2.- Time Compression.3.- Burning time.

4.- Exhaust time.

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DIESEL ENGINE

Its combustion isat constantvolume.

The majority are4T cycle, Thebigs engines are

of 2T.

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Wankel engine

Uses atriangular-loberotor in an

oval-shapedchamberinstead of apiston andcylinder.

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Engine 4 cylinder

Mountedlongitudinally ortransversely, withvertical cylinders

and pistons, oreven partiallyinclined orhorizontal. Is theconfiguration

used in most carsup to 2.2 liters.

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Engine 6 Cylinder

6 cylinders are intwo banks ofthree cylinders

each. These atthe bottom,forming a "V.

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Engine V12

Has two banks ofsix cylinders eachwith characterand commoncrankshaft. withan aperture of 60and 120 between

them.

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Additional Systems

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Cooling system

We find two common types of coolingsystems:

Air cooling

Water cooling

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Air cooling system

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Applications

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Water cooling system

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Electric system

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Fuel InjectionFuel system

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2T

Motors

Smallest Size

Application onsmall thinks

4TMotors

More usedMore powerfulthan T2

DieselMotors

More powerHeavyMachines

WankelMotors

RotatorySlow vibrationShort Duration

Type ofMotors

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Outboard Motor Motorcycles and Go-Kars

Gardening Tools

Application of 2T Motor

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Cars and Trucks Electric Generators

Big size Motorcycles

Application of 4T Motor

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Heavy Machine Heavy Trucks

Boats Agricultural Machinery

Application of Motor Diesel

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Mazda Car Prototype Motorcycle

Prototype car

Application of Wankel Motor

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Thank you !