Intelligent Resilient Liveable Cities Professor Derek Clements-Croome The University of Reading www.derekcroome.com
Intelligent Resilient Liveable Cities
Professor Derek Clements-Croome The University of Reading
www.derekcroome.com
What do we know?
IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT ON WELLBEING
n PHYSICAL n MENTAL n SOCIAL
e.g.Health and Wellbeing in Homes Report UK GBC 2016
n Cities can be stressful arising from ineffective infrastructure and buildings
n Urbanisation is increasing n Pollution levels are unacceptable and
about 9000 people die per year in London
n The UK climate likely to be Mediterranean by 2080; in 2003 35,000 people die due to heat stress in Western Europe
n Loneliness and mental illnesses are increasing
Walking to Work in Letchworth Garden City
RUSH HOUR IN LONDON
THE CULTURE OF CITIES
“ A City should be built to give its inhabitants security and happiness”
---Aristotle
An Intelligent City and Liveable City is
Ü An Accessible City Ü A Business City Ü An Attractive City Ü A City for Living Ü A Just City
THE RESILIENT SUSTAINABLE CITY IS: n A Just City, where justice, food, shelter, education, health
and hope are fairly distributed and democratic n A Beautiful City, where art, architecture and Nature spark
the imagination and move the human spirit; n A Creative City, where open-mindedness and
experimentation motivate human resources and allow a fast response to change;
n An Ecological City, which minimises its ecological impact, where landscape and built form are balanced and where buildings and infrastructures are safe and resource-efficient;
n A City of Easy Contact and Mobility, which protects the countryside, focuses and integrates communities within neighbourhoods and maximises proximity
n A Diverse City, where a broad range of overlapping activities create liveliness, inspiration and foster vitality and vivacity.
Foresight(2008). Mental capital and well-being. London:
The Government Office for Science. n diverse types of open space
(combining green as well as hard landscaping), and a higher relative proportion of public to private space.
n self-reported altruistic behaviour is more prevalent in neighbourhoods which incorporate space design related to diversity, proximity, accessibility and qualities
n the provision of art, planting and landscaping, wildlife features (e.g. insect boxes), and seating.
n
K. Steemers (2015), ‘Architecture for well-being and health’, Daylight & Architecture, issue 23, pp 6-27. J. Anderson (2015), ‘Living in a communal garden associated with well-being while reducing urban sprawl by 40%: a mixed-methods cross-sectional study’, Frontiers of Public Health, vol 3, 1-14. J. Anderson, K. Ruggeri, K. Steemers and F. Huppert, (2016), ‘Lively Social Space, Well-Being Activity, and Urban Design: Findings from a low-cost community-led public space intervention’. Environment and Behaviour, 1-32.
DIVERSITY REFERENCES K. Steemers (2015), ‘Architecture for well-being and health’, Daylight & Architecture, issue 23, pp 6-27. J. Anderson (2015), ‘Living in a communal garden associated with well-being while reducing urban sprawl by 40%: a mixed-methods cross-sectional study’, Frontiers of Public Health, vol 3, 1-14. J. Anderson, K. Ruggeri, K. Steemers and F. Huppert, (2016), ‘Lively Social Space, Well-Being Activity, and Urban Design: Findings from a low-cost community-led public space intervention’. Environment and Behaviour, 1-32.
WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
Ecological Resilient Liveable Cities
Neighbourhoods, Cities, and Metropolitan Areas that seek to be for now and the future:
n Greener n Safer and Healthier n More Efficient and Effective n More People-Friendly n More Socially Equitable
The Ecological Cities Project, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, www.ecologicalcities.org
What is Liveability? Liveability is the sum of the factors that add up to a community’s quality of life—including the built and natural environments, economic prosperity, social stability and equity, educational opportunity, and cultural, entertainment and recreation possibilities.
Partners for Liveable Communities Washington, D.C.
H0W COULD/CAN WE MOVE FORWARD ?
PUT PEOPLE FIRST
n Effective support systems
n Economic use of resources
n Address health and wellbeing issues
Sustainable Intelligent Cities
Digital (Cyber) Intel
Sentient Quality of Life Liveability
Green
ICT Web-Based (e services)
Sensory
Environmental Social Smart
Nature
Environmental-Socio-Economic Value
Cities Should be Planned to Achieve the Following Goals:
n economic (such as economic revitalization and development);
n n land use (such as compact, mixed use development); n transportation (such as walkability, accessibility, and
transportation choices); n equity (such as affordable housing and mixed-income
communities); n community development (such as sense of place,
safety, and public health);
n plenty of green space
CHANGE NEEDED n How to achieve seamless connectivity n Monitor health and wellbeing and use
medical and other disciplines evidence n Reconnect with Nature n Long term vision with adaptability n Use technology to add value (eg hydrogen
transport; 3D/4D printing for construction) n People participation in design , monitoring
and caring n Educate for holistic thinking
Recommendations:
n Use of urban form to
promote environmental
diversity
n Consider spatial and temporal
diversity … rather than
‘optimal’ conditions
n Maximise appropriate
diversity with respect to
climate and seasons
Steemers K 2017 Photos: Jamie Anderson
Urban form and performance
SOFT AND HARD METRICS Do we need: n an URBAN WELL Standard? n Health, Happiness and
Flourish indicator? n More personalisation and
community participation in monitoring eg air pollution
n ?????
THERE IS BEAUTY AND RELIABILITY IN
SIMPLICITY
QUESTIONS
n What do we know but not using and why?
n What do we need to know?
n How could we move forward?