Intelligent Interface Switching among Heterogeneous Wireless Networks for Vehicular Communications Kevin C. Lee, Xiaoqing Zhu, Lillian Dai, Jiang Zhu, Sateesh Addepalli, Rong Pan and Flavio Bonomi Advanced Architecture & Research
Intelligent Interface Switching among Heterogeneous Wireless
Networks for Vehicular Communications
Kevin C. Lee, Xiaoqing Zhu, Lillian Dai, Jiang Zhu, Sateesh Addepalli, Rong Pan and Flavio Bonomi
Advanced Architecture & Research
OUTLINE
The future with smart vehicles Intelligent interface switching Problem formulation
System modelOptimization objectiveSDP-based policy
Performance evaluation Conclusions
PROBLEM OF TODAY’S VEHICLES• Safety
• 40,000 deaths/year • 6,000,000
crashes/year • Leading cause of
death for ages 4 to 34
• Mobility• 4,200,000,000 hours of
travel delay• $80,000,000,000 cost of
urban congestion
• Environment• 2,900,000,000 gallons of
wasted fuel
THE FUTURE WITH SMART VEHICLES
Internet
servers
network controllers
…… road-side-uits
(RSUs)
clients
CHALLENGES OF MULTI-HOMING
network controllers
in-vehicle devices
on-board unit
WiFi
WiFi
multiple 3G connections (AT&T, Verizon, Sprint, etc.)
WiMax
KEY COMPONENTS OF AN OBU
transport optimization
mobility manager
interface manager
WiFi 3G WiMax 11p
video streaming
file transfer
safetymessaging
application prioritization
…
user preference specificatio
n
reward-to-gocurrent reward
expected future reward
STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING (SDP): AN INTRODUCTION
P(s’|s,a)State: s
Action: a
Reward: r(s, a)
State: s’
…
…
…
SIMULATION EVALUATION IN QUALNET
AP AP AP3G
25mph
BG CBR traffic
BG CBR traffic
BG CBR traffic
FTP
Server
CONCLUSIONS
A novel scheme for policy-driven optimized interface switching Balances multiple objectives: monetary cost, data
transfer efficiency, and low switching overhead Can be flexibly customized to reflect user preferences Accounts for characteristics of both current and future
interface connection quality Consistently outperforms greedy heuristic schemes
Future work: integrate with intelligent vehicular routing schemes