1 Intellectual property in knowledge ecomoy Intellectual property Its role in growth, productivity and jobs in the (ICT-based) knowledge society Claudio Feijóo 1 1 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain [email protected]Seminario Gestión de la Propiedad Industrial e Intelectual en el Sector TIC Escuela de Organización Industrial Madrid, 16 December 2009
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Intellectual propertyIts role in growth, productivity and jobs in the (ICT-based) knowledge society
Ponencia de Claudio Feijoó, profesor a la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, en el marco del seminario de gestión de la propiedad industrial e intelectual en el sector TIC del 16 de diciembre de 2009.
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Intellectual propertyIts role in growth, productivity and jobs in the (ICT-
Seminario Gestión de la Propiedad Industrial e Intelectual en el Sector TIC
Escuela de Organización Industrial
Madrid, 16 December 2009
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Index
1. Background. The policy framework
2. A bit of economics: from innovation to (sustainable)
growth and employment
3. The role of ICT in innovation and growth
4. Why intellectual property?
5. Conclusions
(Spain: outside looking in)
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1. Background. The policy framework
2009, a turning pointFailure of the Lisbon strategy: EU the most competitive, knowledge-based, economy by 2010. Launch of the 2020 strategy: sustainable growthGlobal economic crisis: changing the foundations, recovery based on fiscal policies and increasing competitiveness
ICT do have a key role in the digital economy (Digital Agendas)Skills for tomorrow’s needsEnergy efficiencyNew technologies for low-carbon marketsNew infrastructures to promote innovation Opportunities for SMEs, both in production and services sector Innovative start-ups generate high value jobs and contribute to regional development More efficient government services Participation (social and user empowerment)
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2. Economics: innovation and growth (1/3)
Schumpeter’s approach (“new growth theory”) Innovation: “change that creates a new dimension of performance”
(Drucker, 1994). Innovation directly impacts on productivity (level of
output per time) and growth
Types of innovations: introduction of new production processes
new products and services
new management methods
new organisation of firm activities
Innovations are created by the self-interest of firms, entrepreneurs
and researchers who expect to be rewarded with rents in the case of
their innovation being successfully implemented in the market
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2. Economics: innovation and growth (2/3)
The regional perspective. Lessons learned "The only meaningful concept of competitiveness (comparative efficiency)
at the national level is national productivity” (Porter, 1990)
It is the innovative effects of domestic companies what mostly accounts for productivity growth and not the international spillover
R&D: key role in the production of new knowledge and innovations
Countries with large R&D investments can grow faster
So
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The rate of return of R&D is extremely high. The social optimal level of R&D is higher that private markets can produce
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2. Economics: innovation and growth (3/3)
The ICT sector is by far the largest R&D investor, R&D employer and R&D performer in the EU (as it is in the USA and Japan).
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3. The role of ICT (1/7)
ICT: from inventions to innovations ICT technological inventions (micro and nanoelectronics, software
applications, broadband internet, mobile communications, ...) have given rise to innovations and changes
A period of growing and self-reinforcing number of solutions, with direct incidence on economic activity both in terms of overall economic growth but also in terms of economic efficiency (productivity)
So
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3. The role of ICT (2/7)
A summary of the impacts of ICT … ICT capital investment raises output and labour productivity Rapid technological change in ICT producing industries leading to Total Factor
Productivity (TFP) growth TFP growth in industries that make intensive use of ICT.
… and their consequences Need of an structural framework: regions with a high proportion of ICT-