Integumentary System Shanna Visarraga and Lacey Branch
Integumentary SystemShanna Visarraga and Lacey Branch
Structure of the Integumentary
Functions
Protect Prevent water loss Temperature regulation Metabolic regulation Immune defense Sensory receptor Excretion by means of secretion
Epidermis
Skin color Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene
Thick skin Palms of hands, soles of feet
Thin skin Most of the body
Fingerprints
Dermis
Papillary layer Dermal papillae Epidermal ridges
Reticular layer “Network”
Stretch marks, wrinkles, and lines of cleavage
Subcutaneous
Not considered part of the integumentary
Composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue
Accessory Organs: Nails
Nails
Nail Disorders
Onychomycosis Fungal infection Treatment: oral fungal
medication
Yellow Nail Syndrome Nail growth thickens and
stops Often a sign of
respiratory disease
Nail Disorders
Spoon nail Nails are concave
instead of convex Often a sign of iron
deficiency
Beau’s lines Run horizontally across
nail Can be sign of chronic
malnutrition
Accessory Organs: Hair
Hair Lanugo Vellus Terminal
hair
Functions of Hair
Protection Heat retention Facial
expression Sensory
reception Visual
identification Chemical
signal dispursal
Exocrine glands of the skin
Sweat glands Merocrine
▪ Thermoregulation, secretion, and protection
Apocrine▪ Secretes into hair follicles
Exocrine glands of the skin
Sebaceous Sebum▪ Oily, waxy secretion
Burns
First Degree Redness, pain,
slight edema Second Degree
Red, blistered, painful
Third Degree Skin loss and
grafting
Skin Cancer
Basal cell carcinoma Most common Least dangerous Usually on face Appearance is small,
shiny, and enlarges with pearly edge
Treatment: surgical removal
Skin Cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma Appears on scalp, ears,
lower lip, or back of hand
Red, scaly, and elevated edges
Surgical removal
Note: May metastasize to other parts of body
Skin Cancer
Malignant melanoma Most deadly Unusual changes in
mole Surgical removalA. AsymmetryB. BorderC. ColorD. Diameter
Acne
Comedo Open comedo is called a
“black head” Closed is called a “white
head”
Papule Dome-shaped Mixture of white blood
cells, dead cell, and bacteria
Acne
Nodule Similar to papule Extends into deeper
layers of skin Will cause scarring
Cyst Fluid filled Can become severely
inflamed and painful Will cause scarring
Integumentary system: the good, the bad, and the ugly