Integrative Medicine: An Overview Integrative Medicine: An Overview Allan Sosin, MD Allan Sosin, MD Institute for Progressive Medicine Institute for Progressive Medicine (949) 600 (949) 600 - - 5100 5100 www.iprogressivemed.com www.iprogressivemed.com
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Integrative Medicine: An Overview · Provides mass without calories (low caloric density-a stalk of celery contains only 6 calories.) 2. 2. Slows absorption of foods so blood sugar
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Integrative Medicine: An OverviewIntegrative Medicine: An Overview
Allan Sosin, MDAllan Sosin, MDInstitute for Progressive MedicineInstitute for Progressive Medicine
100 thousand people die yearly from side 100 thousand people die yearly from side effects from medicationseffects from medicationsPharmaceuticals cost $200 billion per yearPharmaceuticals cost $200 billion per yearMedical Expenses in the US cost upwards Medical Expenses in the US cost upwards of $2 trillion per year.of $2 trillion per year.20,000 die yearly from medical errors20,000 die yearly from medical errorsThe more drugs you take, the greater the The more drugs you take, the greater the risk of complications, the effect increases risk of complications, the effect increases with agewith age
What is Alternative Medicine?What is Alternative Medicine?
Alternative MedicineAlternative Medicine implies implies disagreement or rebellion disagreement or rebellion -- a group in a group in opposition to conventional practicesopposition to conventional practicesIn some circles, traditional therapies such In some circles, traditional therapies such as drugs, surgery or vaccination are as drugs, surgery or vaccination are viewed as a violation of human integrityviewed as a violation of human integrity
What is Integrative Medicine?What is Integrative Medicine?
IntegrateIntegrate means to make whole by means to make whole by bringing together additional partsbringing together additional partsIntegrative MedicineIntegrative Medicine seeks to coordinate seeks to coordinate proven traditional medicine with safe and proven traditional medicine with safe and effective alternative therapies effective alternative therapies In an integrative practice we do use In an integrative practice we do use traditional therapies when indicatedtraditional therapies when indicated–– Prescription DrugsPrescription Drugs–– SurgerySurgery–– Referrals to SpecialistsReferrals to Specialists
What We BelieveWhat We Believe
Many diseases are preventable or Many diseases are preventable or reversiblereversibleMany diagnoses are not permanentMany diagnoses are not permanentMany drugs cause complications that Many drugs cause complications that lessen the quality of lifelessen the quality of lifeSurgery is performed in excessSurgery is performed in excessExercise and Nutrition are vital elements in Exercise and Nutrition are vital elements in promoting good health promoting good health
What We DoWhat We DoHelp people get off harmful or unnecessary Help people get off harmful or unnecessary drugs drugs Help people avoid unnecessary surgeriesHelp people avoid unnecessary surgeriesUse nutrition as a major technique for Use nutrition as a major technique for maintaining and improving healthmaintaining and improving healthRecommend nutritional supplementsRecommend nutritional supplementsUse herbal therapiesUse herbal therapiesOffer natural hormone replacement therapies Offer natural hormone replacement therapies and other compounded prescriptionsand other compounded prescriptionsHelp people modify stress factors that contribute Help people modify stress factors that contribute to disease to disease
Assist the patient in finding the most Assist the patient in finding the most appropriate therapies appropriate therapies Help reduce side effects from Help reduce side effects from chemotherapy and radiationchemotherapy and radiationImprove and prolong lifeImprove and prolong life
Diabetes: DefinitionDiabetes: Definition
Blood sugar over 126 fastingBlood sugar over 126 fastingBlood sugar over 200 at any timeBlood sugar over 200 at any timeHgBHgB A1C at 7% or moreA1C at 7% or more
Diabetes: CausesDiabetes: Causes
Adult onset diabetes is a problem caused Adult onset diabetes is a problem caused by insulin resistance often due to:by insulin resistance often due to:
–– Poor food choicesPoor food choices–– OverweightOverweight–– Nutrient DeficienciesNutrient Deficiencies–– Lack of Physical ActivityLack of Physical Activity
PrediabetesPrediabetes
Hg A1C over 5.0 and less than 7.0Hg A1C over 5.0 and less than 7.060 million people are affected in the US60 million people are affected in the USThe major risk factor for heart disease and The major risk factor for heart disease and strokestrokeTreatment is the same as for diabetesTreatment is the same as for diabetesGet tested!Get tested!
Poor DietPoor Diet
BOOK - Fast Food NationBy: Eric Schlosser
MOVIE – Supersize MeBy: Morgan Spurlock
Diet for DiabetesDiet for Diabetes
Low Glycemic Index foodsLow Glycemic Index foodsThree meals a day and snacks Three meals a day and snacks High fiberHigh fiberLow caloric densityLow caloric densityAvoid starchy foodsAvoid starchy foodsAvoid Soft drinks, refined grains, sugarsAvoid Soft drinks, refined grains, sugarsBe VERY careful in restaurantsBe VERY careful in restaurants-- they add they add sugar and saltsugar and salt
Glycemic IndexGlycemic Index
Glycemic index is a measure of how much a 50 Glycemic index is a measure of how much a 50 gram carbohydrate portion of a food will raise gram carbohydrate portion of a food will raise the blood sugar.the blood sugar.
High Dietary Fiber Lowers High Dietary Fiber Lowers Blood SugarBlood Sugar
The average American gets about 12 g of The average American gets about 12 g of fiber daily. fiber daily. Recommended daily fiber intakeRecommended daily fiber intake-- 25g25gButBut-- 50 g of fiber daily lowered the fasting 50 g of fiber daily lowered the fasting blood sugar 13 mgblood sugar 13 mgLower insulin secretionLower insulin secretion
Beneficial Effects of High Dietary Fiber Intake in Patients withType 2 Diabetes Mellitus, NEJM 2000: 342; 1392-1398
Benefits of FiberBenefits of Fiber
1.1. Provides mass without calories (low caloric Provides mass without calories (low caloric densitydensity--a stalk of celery contains only 6 a stalk of celery contains only 6 calories.)calories.)
2.2. Slows absorption of foods so blood sugar Slows absorption of foods so blood sugar doesn’t go so highdoesn’t go so high
3.3. Reduces the need for insulin release to bring Reduces the need for insulin release to bring the sugar back down againthe sugar back down again
4.4. Reduces the absorption of cholesterol from Reduces the absorption of cholesterol from foods foods
5.5. Foods containing fiber also contain Foods containing fiber also contain phytonutrientsphytonutrients and antioxidantsand antioxidants
Culprits: Fast Foods and Soft DrinksCulprits: Fast Foods and Soft Drinks
““SugarSugar--sweetened soft drinks contribute 7.1% of sweetened soft drinks contribute 7.1% of total energy intake and represent the largest total energy intake and represent the largest single food source of calories in the U.S. diet.”single food source of calories in the U.S. diet.”Women who increased soft drink intake from 1 Women who increased soft drink intake from 1 or less per week to 1 or more per day gained 8 or less per week to 1 or more per day gained 8 kg over 8 years, compared with 2.8 kg in women kg over 8 years, compared with 2.8 kg in women who maintained less than 1 drink per week.*who maintained less than 1 drink per week.*
*JAMA, August 25, 2004, pp 927-934
……and diabetes goes upand diabetes goes up
Relative risk of diabetes 1.83 in women Relative risk of diabetes 1.83 in women consuming 1 or more soft drinks per day, consuming 1 or more soft drinks per day, compared with less than 1 drink per compared with less than 1 drink per month. month.
*JAMA, August 25, 2004, pp 927-934
*JAMA, August 25, 2004, pp 927-934
Supplements for DiabetesSupplements for DiabetesMineralsMinerals–– Magnesium Magnesium –– Chromium Chromium –– VanadiumVanadium
GymnemaGymnema sylvestresylvestreGreen TeaGreen TeaB Vitamins B Vitamins
Exercise Goal: 30Exercise Goal: 30--40 minutes, 7 days a week40 minutes, 7 days a week
This amount of walking will burn up 2000 This amount of walking will burn up 2000 caloriescaloriesIn the Nurses’ Health Study, this level of In the Nurses’ Health Study, this level of activity reduced the risk of heart disease in activity reduced the risk of heart disease in diabetic women by 35%*diabetic women by 35%*
*Physical Activity and Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Women, Ann Intern Med 2001; 134: 96-105
About Exercise About Exercise WalkingWalkingReboundingReboundingDancing Dancing BicyclingBicyclingJoggingJogging
Walking Wounded: Case StudyWalking Wounded: Case Study44 year old lawyer with fatigue44 year old lawyer with fatigueHighly StressedHighly StressedOverweightOverweightNo ExerciseNo ExerciseShort of BreathShort of BreathHeart Races FrequentlyHeart Races FrequentlyCoffee = 8 cups/dayCoffee = 8 cups/dayDiet Soda = 3Diet Soda = 3--4/day4/day
Walking Wounded: Case StudyWalking Wounded: Case Study
Walking Wounded: Case StudyWalking Wounded: Case Study
High ProteinHigh ProteinLow Glycemic Index DietLow Glycemic Index DietNo CoffeeNo CoffeeNo SodaNo SodaWalk 30 minutes Per dayWalk 30 minutes Per day
Walking Wounded: Case StudyWalking Wounded: Case Study
Hormones change the aging processHormones change the aging processHormone levels affect how you feelHormone levels affect how you feelMany hormones decline with ageMany hormones decline with ageCortisol levels increase with ageCortisol levels increase with age
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
Works by injection onlyWorks by injection onlyMeasure IgFMeasure IgF--1 to see where you are. 1 to see where you are. Ideal level is 300 for IgFIdeal level is 300 for IgF--11
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
Prevents heart failurePrevents heart failureSupports the failing heartSupports the failing heartIncreases bone densityIncreases bone densityReduces abdominal fatReduces abdominal fatBuilds muscleBuilds muscleStrengthens connective tissueStrengthens connective tissueEnhances athletic performanceEnhances athletic performanceImproves your state of mindImproves your state of mindMakes your skin look betterMakes your skin look better
Human Growth Hormone (hGH)Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
11--2 units prescribed daily2 units prescribed dailyInject with thin insulin needleInject with thin insulin needleInject into abdomen, subcutaneouslyInject into abdomen, subcutaneouslyFrequent early changesFrequent early changesMaximum effect noted at 3 months Maximum effect noted at 3 months Measure IgFMeasure IgF--1 level1 levelUsually rises 30Usually rises 30--40 points40 pointsDo not take hGH if you have cancerDo not take hGH if you have cancer
EstrogenEstrogenFell into disrepute 3 years Fell into disrepute 3 years agoagoConcerns over breast Concerns over breast cancer and heart attackscancer and heart attacksStudies involved Studies involved PremarinPremarin®® and and medroxyprogesteronemedroxyprogesterone containing carcinogenic containing carcinogenic compoundscompoundsBoth of these drugs are Both of these drugs are not human hormonesnot human hormones
Bioidentical hormones have the exact Bioidentical hormones have the exact same structure as human hormonessame structure as human hormonesDerived from plant sourcesDerived from plant sourcesAvailable by prescriptionAvailable by prescriptionCan be ordered from a compounding Can be ordered from a compounding pharmacypharmacyAvoid oral estrogen Avoid oral estrogen –– causes increased causes increased production of clotting factors in the liver.production of clotting factors in the liver.
What About Hormones & Cancer?What About Hormones & Cancer?
976 women studied from 1992976 women studied from 1992--20022002Ongoing therapy with subcutaneous Ongoing therapy with subcutaneous pelletspelletsOral progesterone for women without Oral progesterone for women without hysterectomy hysterectomy Yearly Yearly mamogramsmamograms and pelvic examsand pelvic exams
*Marked Reduction of Breast, Endometrial, and Ovarian Cancer in Users of Bioidentical Estradiol and Testosterone Subcutaneous Pellets, Gino Tutera, M.D.
What About Hormones & Cancer?What About Hormones & Cancer?
Only one case of breast cancer, node Only one case of breast cancer, node ––Only one case of endometrial cancer Only one case of endometrial cancer No ovarian cancerNo ovarian cancer
*Marked Reduction of Breast, Endometrial, and Ovarian Cancer in Users of Bioidentical Estradiol and Testosterone Subcutaneous Pellets, Gino Tutera, M.D.
Estrogen: BenefitsEstrogen: Benefits
Handles menopausal symptomsHandles menopausal symptoms–– Hot flashes, night sweats, loss of libidoHot flashes, night sweats, loss of libido–– Thin dry and wrinkled skinThin dry and wrinkled skin–– InsomniaInsomnia–– Depression and memory lossDepression and memory lossIncreases bone densityIncreases bone densityIncreases flexibility of arteriesIncreases flexibility of arteriesFuture studies will again show decreased Future studies will again show decreased risk of heart attack and strokerisk of heart attack and stroke
Estrogen: BenefitsEstrogen: Benefits
Women look youngerWomen look youngerBrains work betterBrains work better
Does it prevent Does it prevent dementia?dementia?
Estrogen: Methods of DeliveryEstrogen: Methods of Delivery
Natural estrogen is taken in the form of Natural estrogen is taken in the form of estradiolestradiolTake estrogen as a:Take estrogen as a:–– transdermaltransdermal cream, cream, –– sublingual drop or lozengesublingual drop or lozenge–– subcutaneous pelletsubcutaneous pelletWomen must take progesterone if uterus Women must take progesterone if uterus is still present to protect the uterusis still present to protect the uterus
Testosterone: Benefits For AllTestosterone: Benefits For AllIncreased athletic Increased athletic performance, muscle strengthperformance, muscle strengthIncreased bone densityIncreased bone densityManage migraine headachesManage migraine headachesIncreased Libido (both men Increased Libido (both men and women)and women)Strengthens the heartStrengthens the heartDecreased fatigueDecreased fatigueIncreased sense of wellIncreased sense of well--beingbeing
Testosterone: Methods of DeliveryTestosterone: Methods of Delivery
Testosterone levels decrease with ageTestosterone levels decrease with ageTake Testosterone as aTake Testosterone as a–– Sublingual drop or lozengeSublingual drop or lozenge–– TransdermalTransdermal creamcream–– Weekly injectionWeekly injection–– Subcutaneous pellet Subcutaneous pellet
Men cannot use in presence of prostate cancer Men cannot use in presence of prostate cancer unless the cancer is treatedunless the cancer is treatedMen should follow PSA levels and blood countMen should follow PSA levels and blood count
Benefits of Hormone PelletsBenefits of Hormone Pellets
Estrogen and Testosterone can be Estrogen and Testosterone can be administered as a subcutaneous pelletadministered as a subcutaneous pelletSmaller than a grain of riceSmaller than a grain of riceLasts 3Lasts 3--4 months4 monthsProvides continuous blood levelsProvides continuous blood levelsEliminates daily dosingEliminates daily dosingMore effective in raising bone densityMore effective in raising bone density
Hormones and the HeartHormones and the Heart
Heart failure is the major cause of hospital Heart failure is the major cause of hospital admissions in older peopleadmissions in older peopleMen of all ages with chronic heart failure had Men of all ages with chronic heart failure had lower levels of testosterone, IgFlower levels of testosterone, IgF--1, and DHEA 1, and DHEA sulfate than those without heart failure*sulfate than those without heart failure*The lower the hormone levels, the worse the The lower the hormone levels, the worse the heart failure*heart failure*Men with heart failure who had normal hormone Men with heart failure who had normal hormone levels had better survival*levels had better survival*
*Anabolic Deficiency in Men with Chronic Heart Failure: Prevalence and Detrimental Impact on Survival, Circulation, 2006 114(17):1829-37
OsteoporosisOsteoporosisOsteoporosis is Osteoporosis is thinthin, , weakweak bonesbones
Diagnosed and Diagnosed and monitored with a bone monitored with a bone density study called a density study called a DEXA bone scanDEXA bone scan
Scans of the hip and Scans of the hip and lumbar spine are lumbar spine are performedperformed
T score of T score of --2.5 defines 2.5 defines osteoporosisosteoporosis
Consequences of OsteoporosisConsequences of Osteoporosis
Lifetime risk of hip fracture is 1/5 in women and Lifetime risk of hip fracture is 1/5 in women and 1/15 in men1/15 in menPost fracture statisticsPost fracture statistics
1/2 do not return to normal function1/2 do not return to normal function25% are admitted to nursing homes25% are admitted to nursing homes20% mortality within one year20% mortality within one year
Osteoporosis Risk FactorsOsteoporosis Risk FactorsFamily historyFamily historySmall frameSmall frame-- under under 127 pounds127 poundsYears of estrogen Years of estrogen deficiencydeficiencyHigh protein, high salt High protein, high salt diet diet Lack of exerciseLack of exercise
Estrogen, progesteroneEstrogen, progesteroneTestosteroneTestosteroneDHEADHEAhGHhGH--human growth hormone injectionshuman growth hormone injectionsRaloxifeneRaloxifene ((EvistaEvista®®))--reduces spinal fractures reduces spinal fractures only, can cause blood clotsonly, can cause blood clotsIV IV BisphosphonatesBisphosphonates-- ZometaZometa®®
Osteoporosis: LifestyleOsteoporosis: Lifestyle
Low salt, low sugar dietLow salt, low sugar dietNo Coffee or soft drinksNo Coffee or soft drinksPlenty of weight bearing exercise, walking.Plenty of weight bearing exercise, walking.
Osteoporosis Case StudyOsteoporosis Case Study
82 82 y.oy.o. woman. womanSevere osteoporosisSevere osteoporosisHip T score: Hip T score: --3.33.3Lumbar spine T score: Lumbar spine T score: --4.54.5
Osteoporosis Case StudyOsteoporosis Case Study
Fractures of 3 lumbar vertebraeFractures of 3 lumbar vertebraeSevere painSevere painCould not ambulateCould not ambulateBent overBent overCould not sleepCould not sleep
Refused surgery, decided to get better…Refused surgery, decided to get better…
Osteoporosis Case StudyOsteoporosis Case StudyTherapy:Therapy:
Low salt, low protein dietLow salt, low protein dietWalkingWalking
Osteoporosis Case StudyOsteoporosis Case Study
One Year Later…One Year Later…Hip bone density Hip bone density increased 3.4%increased 3.4%Spine bone density Spine bone density increased 13.4%increased 13.4%No pain No pain Straight postureStraight posture
Homocysteine is a natural breakdown Homocysteine is a natural breakdown product of the amino acid product of the amino acid methioninemethionineTo lower homocysteine take:To lower homocysteine take:–– B12B12–– Folic AcidFolic Acid–– B6B6–– TrimethylglycineTrimethylglycine
Heart Disease: TestingHeart Disease: Testing
Stress tests do not pick up early diseaseStress tests do not pick up early diseaseCoronary CT calcium scoreCoronary CT calcium scoreCoronary CT angiogramCoronary CT angiogramCV ProfilerCV Profiler
In patients with stable disease In patients with stable disease PercutaneousPercutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), Coronary Intervention (PCI), (angioplasty or (angioplasty or stentstent) did NOT reduce the ) did NOT reduce the risk of death, myocardial infarction, or risk of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke stroke Do not initiate evaluation with an Do not initiate evaluation with an angiogramangiogram
*Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary*Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease, disease, NEJM, 2007;356NEJM, 2007;356
Heart Disease: EECPHeart Disease: EECP
EECP stands for EECP stands for EEnhanced nhanced EExternal xternal CCounterounterppulsationulsation
Originally approved Originally approved by the FDA to treat by the FDA to treat angina pectoris angina pectoris (chest pain)(chest pain)
Heart Disease: EECPHeart Disease: EECP
Increases circulation throughout the entire Increases circulation throughout the entire bodybodyEffective for heart attack, stroke, Effective for heart attack, stroke, peripheral vascular diseaseperipheral vascular diseaseA powerful antiA powerful anti--aging therapyaging therapy
Heart Disease: Heart Disease: EECP Success StoryEECP Success Story
HistoryHistory–– 50 year old man with 50 year old man with
prior bypass surgeryprior bypass surgery–– Severe heart failureSevere heart failure–– Shortness of breathShortness of breath–– Swollen legs Swollen legs –– No exercise toleranceNo exercise tolerance–– BNP 966 (normal BNP 966 (normal
under 100)under 100)
TreatmentsTreatments–– EECPEECP–– Chelation and PCChelation and PC–– CoQ10CoQ10–– Fish oilFish oil–– MagnesiumMagnesium–– DD--riboseribose–– Low dose Low dose LasixLasix, ACE , ACE
Heart Disease: Heart Disease: EECP Success StoryEECP Success Story
Outcome:Outcome:–– Lost 25 lbs.Lost 25 lbs.–– Edema goneEdema gone–– Shortness of breath goneShortness of breath gone–– Normal exercise tolerance Normal exercise tolerance –– BNP reduced to 90 (in normal range)BNP reduced to 90 (in normal range)
SupplementsSupplements
Vitamins, minerals and herbs are the Vitamins, minerals and herbs are the mainstay of the lifestyle approachmainstay of the lifestyle approachQuality, purity and potency are key to an Quality, purity and potency are key to an effective supplement regimen effective supplement regimen Do NOT purchase poor quality Do NOT purchase poor quality supplementssupplements-- avoid most major chain avoid most major chain brandsbrandsVitamins are rarely dangerousVitamins are rarely dangerousProtect your right to have them!Protect your right to have them!
Key SupplementsKey Supplements
A high quality multivitaminA high quality multivitaminFish Oil Fish Oil Calcium and MagnesiumCalcium and MagnesiumGreen Drink PowderGreen Drink PowderCoQ10CoQ10Alpha Lipoic AcidAlpha Lipoic AcidB Vitamins (B12, B6, Folic Acid)B Vitamins (B12, B6, Folic Acid)Others based on individual conditionsOthers based on individual conditions
IV Therapy: Immune DripIV Therapy: Immune Drip
An immune drip is an IV therapy with high An immune drip is an IV therapy with high dose vitamins and mineralsdose vitamins and mineralsGood for: infections, fatigue, pre and post Good for: infections, fatigue, pre and post operations, stress, fatigue, and cancer operations, stress, fatigue, and cancer patients (support for chemo and radiation)patients (support for chemo and radiation)Excellent for patients coming off alcohol Excellent for patients coming off alcohol and street drugsand street drugs
IV Therapy: PK ProtocolIV Therapy: PK Protocol
Developed by Patricia Kane Ph.D.Developed by Patricia Kane Ph.D.IV Infusion (push) of 3 nutrients:IV Infusion (push) of 3 nutrients:–– PhosphatidylPhosphatidyl CholineCholine (PC)(PC)–– FolinicFolinic Acid Acid –– GlutathioneGlutathioneAlso good for compromised liver function Also good for compromised liver function and liver diseaseand liver disease
IV Therapy: PK ProtocolIV Therapy: PK Protocol
Used for the following:Used for the following:–– Parkinson’s DiseaseParkinson’s Disease–– Multiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis–– ALS ALS –– StrokeStroke–– Liver DiseaseLiver Disease–– Alzheimer’s DiseaseAlzheimer’s Disease–– DementiaDementia–– Memory LossMemory Loss
PK Protocol Case StudyPK Protocol Case Study
Patient #1Patient #1–– 65 year old male, liver failure and hepatitis C, 65 year old male, liver failure and hepatitis C,
Sluggish, lethargicSluggish, lethargic–– Instant clearing, perked up after 1Instant clearing, perked up after 1stst treatmenttreatment
Patient #2Patient #2–– 49 year old executive with memory loss49 year old executive with memory loss–– Sharper after 1Sharper after 1stst treatmenttreatment
PK Protocol Case StudyPK Protocol Case Study
Patient #3Patient #3–– 71 year old man with memory loss for 3 years71 year old man with memory loss for 3 years–– No more problemsNo more problems
Patient #4Patient #4–– 75 year old woman with Parkinson’s 75 year old woman with Parkinson’s –– Buttoned her blouse after 1Buttoned her blouse after 1stst treatment, 1treatment, 1stst
time in over a year!time in over a year!
Saving the Brain: DrugsSaving the Brain: DrugsDrugs that impair brain functionDrugs that impair brain function–– Sedatives, tranquilizers, beta blockers, Sedatives, tranquilizers, beta blockers,
antidepressants and other psychoactive antidepressants and other psychoactive medicationsmedications
Psychiatric DrugsPsychiatric Drugs–– These are recklessly prescribed These are recklessly prescribed –– They are suppressants They are suppressants –– They impair memory, alertnessThey impair memory, alertness–– Reduce your ability to confront and control Reduce your ability to confront and control
your environmentyour environment–– May cause May cause suicidalitysuicidality
Saving the Brain: Saving the Brain: The Most Important FactorsThe Most Important Factors
CommunicateCommunicatereach out and do not isolate yourself. reach out and do not isolate yourself.
Communication is the measure of life.Communication is the measure of life.