Integration and Trade Sector (INT) activities on SPS related issues Juliana Salles Almeida [email protected]
Integration and Trade
Sector (INT) activities
on SPS related issues
Juliana Salles Almeida
2
1. IDB current strategy
2. SPS Agenda
3. SPS Areas of intervention
Contents
IDB Strategic Pillars: capital increase of US$ 70 billion
3
Focus for SPS:
1.SPS regional integration/initiatives
(harmonization regulation, institutional
capacity whithin LAC trade blocs)
2.SPS/trade facilitation: strengthen
border operations, reduce costs and
speed up the clearance process of
agricultural products at customs
4
Less Value-Added More Value-Added
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Cere
al gr
ains
Veg a
nd fr
uits
Lives
tock
Oth
er ag
ric.
Coal
, cru
deoi
l &
gas
Min
eral
s
Mea
t
Dairy
pro
d.
Oth
er fo
od
prod
Text
iles
Wea
ring
appa
r.
Leat
her p
rod.
Oth
er Li
ght
man
ufac
t
Chem
ical &
Pl
astic
pro
d
Met
als
Mot
or
Vehi
cles
Mac
hine
ry &
eq
uip.
Imposed by the
World
Imposed by LAC
partners
NTBS AD VALOREM EQUIVALENTS
FACED IN INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE (BY PRODUCT)
Source: IDB – INTRADE, BASED ON: WTO; NICITA, KEE AND OLARREAGA (2008); FDA OASIS ONLINE DATABASE
Trade regulation simplification: Regional harmonization of NTBs
Trade facilitation: Reduce costs of doing business across borders
Source: PORTUGAL-PEREZ AND WILSON (2010), WB (LOGISTIC PERFORMANCE INDEX, 2010)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CHL CAN NIC USA COL PAN URY MEX DOM ECA GTM PER LAC EAP BRA CRI ECU ARG BOL VEN
CLEARANCE TIME (DAYS) (THE LOWER, THE BETTER)
(WEIGHTED BY PROBABILITY OF PHYSICAL
INSPECTION)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DO
M
CA
N
PAN
UR
Y
CH
L
NIC
USA
ECU
CR
I
AR
G
MEX
LAC
GTM
WO
RLD
BR
A
PER
BO
L
VEN CO
L
NUMBER OF DOCUMENTS REQUIRED
TO IMPORT AND EXPORT (INDEX; THE LOWER, THE BETTER)
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
GU
Y
JAM
HTI
VEN
UR
Y
BO
L
NIC
ECA
EAP
PE
R
LAC
PR
Y
CO
L
GTM EC
U
SLV
MEX CR
I
PA
N
CH
L
AR
G
HN
D
DO
M
BR
A
USA
CA
N
PERCEIVED LIKELIHOOD OF ON-SCHEDULE DELIVERY OF EXPORTS (INDEX; THE HIGHER, THE BETTER)
(SURVEY OF GLOBAL FREIGHT FORWARDERS AND EXPRESS CARRIERS)
PF based on data from WEF, Doing Business, WDI, Transparency International (2004-2007)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
VEN PR
Y
UR
Y
GTM GU
Y
EC
U
HN
D
PER
BO
L
CR
I
LAC
AR
G
SLV
BR
A
CH
L
NIC
JAM
CO
L
TT
O
ME
X
DO
M
USA
PAN
CA
N
OEC
D
WO
RLD
BORDER AND TRANSPORT FACILITATION EFFICIENCY (PRINCIPAL FACTOR; 1=BEST)
Import
Export
SPS / TRADE FACILITATION
Key activities include:
•Digitalize documentary procedures: issuance of export/import SPS certificate on-line/
single window.
•Quarantine: Upgrade national border quarantine services (including harmonization of laws
and procedures, infra-structure)
•Databases: support creation of database for records of pests and diseases of plants and
animals
•Capacity building: Foster human capacity on documentary procedures for pest
surveillance, export/import certification, inspection
• Clearance: reduce physical inspections at the border in favor of a risk analysis management approach
6
Activities on SPS 2010/2011
I. Capacity Building
II. Analytical Studies and Export Guide
III. Loan and Grant
IV. Data base
Others NTB Trade
Facilitation
“Demand-driven”
trainings (public and private sectors)
Annual Executive Program
Annual
IDB/WTO Program
“Supply-driven” trainings
( public sector)
SPS SPS
I. Capacity Building Structure
Latin America 72%
Caribbean 28%
Trainings implemented/by subject, 2005/2010
Trainings implemented/by region, 2005/2010
Trainings “Supply-Driven” with the WTO
III. Loan/Grants with SPS component
II. Research
i) The Treatment of Agriculture in the RTAs in the Americas,
IDB, Oct 2009
ii) Regional Trade Agreements Treatment of Agriculture,
OECD/ IDB May 2011
iii) SPS Import Requirements to Access the EU Market, IDB,
April 2010
iv) SPS Import Requirements to Access the Asian Market
IDB, August 2011
Project. Title Beneficiary Value US$ Year NI-L1016 Foreign Trade Support Program Nicaragua 10,437,000 2010
BL-L1009
Agricultural Services Program
Belize
5,000,000
2009
JA-L1012 Agricultural Competitiveness Program Jamaica 16,000,000 2010
RG-T1679
Harmonized System of Bovine Traceability
Central America
1,900,000 2009
DR-L1048
Animal and Plant Health and Food Safety
Dom. Republic
10,000,000 2011
12
13
14
SPS PROBLEMS / BY REGION
TO EXPORT AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS TO US
15
Note: quantity measured in metric tons
16
Sh
are
o
f Im
po
rt R
efu
sa
ls a
t U
S b
ord
er
by
SP
S p
rob
lem
, 2
002
-20
10
17
Sh
are
of
Im
po
rt R
efu
sa
ls a
t U
S b
ord
er
by p
rod
uct,
2002 -
20
10
18
SPS Problems found in the Agricultural Imports
into US, 2002-2010
*Without Mexico
LACFilthy 24%
Pesticide 23%
Labeling 21%
Africa
Labeling 43%Filthy 20%
Missing info. 15%
Australia & Pacific
Labeling 38%
Additive 19%
Filthy 15%
Europe
Labeling 42%
Missing info. 29%
Additive 12%
Asia
Filthy 25%
Labeling 21%
Missing info 16%
19
Reason for the refusals at US Border LAC
Products refused
48%
20
Reason for the refusals at US border ASIA
Products refused
21
Comparison
US/ EU
US
EU
Thank you!
INTradeBID
Available at
http://www.iadb.org/int