THINKING beyond the canopy THINKING beyond the canopy Integrating Customary and Statutory Systems 13 th Congress of the International Society of Ethnobiology, Montpellier Session 42 Effective and equitable law and policy for NTFPs 24 May 2012 Verina Ingram, Sarah Laird, Abdon Awono, Ousseynou Ndoye, Terry Sunderland, Estherine Lisinge and Robert Nkuinkeu The struggle to develop a Legal and Policy Framework for NTFPs in Cameroon
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Integrating customary and legal systems for forest product governance, Cameroon
Ingram, Laird et al. integrating systems cameroon may 2012
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THINKING beyond the canopyTHINKING beyond the canopy
Integrating Customary and Statutory Systems
13th Congress of the International Society of Ethnobiology, Montpellier
Session 42 Effective and equitable law and policy for NTFPs
24 May 2012
Verina Ingram, Sarah Laird, Abdon Awono, Ousseynou Ndoye, Terry Sunderland, Estherine Lisinge and Robert Nkuinkeu
The struggle to develop a Legal and Policy Framework for NTFPs in Cameroon
THINKING beyond the canopy
The struggle in Cameroon….• Diverse & many forests, people & products
>700 NTFPs
≈280 tribes & linguistic groups
• Subsistence
and traded
• There is policy
and not….
• Products and species are regulated
and not…
• Policy and regulatory focus on timber
THINKING beyond the canopy
Why: plural tenure
• Historical layers• Current consequences
1884
THINKING beyond the canopy
• Droit d’usage• Customary user rights• Free usufruct rights• Paid access for 13
Special Forestry products
• No access protected areas
Mixed bundle resource rights
THINKING beyond the canopy
Laws• 1974 Land Law ‘squatters’
– Public state land– Private land– National domain land
• ‘Vacant’ & ‘occupied/worked’
• 1994 Forestry, Wildlife & Fisheries Law– Special Forestry Products – Quotas & permits– Community & council forests