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May 31, 2017
Integrating Best Practices from Corrections and Workforce Systems to Match Jobseekers to Services:
The IRES Pilot Project
BroughttoyoubytheNationalReentryResourceCenterandtheBureauofJusticeAssistance,U.S.DepartmentofJustice
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DeAnnaHoskins,SeniorPolicyAdvisorBUREAU OF JUSTICE ASSISTANCE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
EarlBuford,President&CEOEMPLOY MILWAUKEE
TamikaCooley,ProgramManagerCAREERSOURCE PALM BEACH COUNTY
EricaNelson,ReentryandEmploymentPolicyAnalystTHE COUNCIL OF STATE GOVERNMENTS JUSTICE CENTER
RayWoodruff,EmploymentProgramsManagerWISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS
NielL.Thoreson,RegionalChiefWISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, DIVISION OF COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS
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Speakers
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TheNationalReentryResourceCenter
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Delivertrainingandtechnicalassistance
Advanceknowledgebaseof
reentryfield
Promotewhatworksinreentry
Facilitatepeer
networksand
informationexchange
Provideinformationforpeoplereturningtocommunitiesandtheirfamilies
www.nationalreentryresourcecenter.org
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
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Overview
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
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02
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Overview
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10millionadultsintheU.S.arereturningfromincarcerationeachyear*
70millionadultsnationwidehaveanarrestorconvictionrecord
*600,000peoplereleasedfromstateandfederalprisons,plus9millionpeoplereleasedfromjails
SOURCES:NationalEmploymentLawProject(2013)“TheBusinessCase– MinimizingRisk,MaximizingTalent:HiringPeoplewithRecords”;ThePewCharitableTrust(2010)“CollateralCosts:Incarceration’sEffectonEconomicMobility;BureauofJusticeStatistics(2016),“AnnualProbationSurvey,AnnualParoleSurvey,AnnualSurveyofJails,CensusofJailInmates,andNationalPrisonerStatisticsProgram,2000,and2005–2015”;TheCouncilofStateGovernmentsJusticeCenter(2015)“ReentryFacts&Trends”.
Thescopeofreentryistoobigtoignore
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Quiz:HowmanyworkingageadultsintheU.S.haveafelonyrecord?
(A)~1million(B)~6million(C)~15million
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SOURCE:CherrieBucknor andAlanBarber(2016).“ThePriceWePay:EconomicCostsofBarrierstoEmploymentforFormerPrisonersandPeopleConvictedofFelonies”
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Quiz:HowmanypeopleareoutofworkintheU.S.becauseoftheirfelonyrecord?
(A)~825,000fewerworkers(B)~1.8millionfewerworkers(C)~5.0millionfewerworkers
Afelonyrecordresultsin:• Skilldeterioration• Lackofaccesstopro-socialnetworks• Employerbias• Legalbarrierstoemployment
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SOURCES:Schmitt&Warner(2010),“Ex-offendersandtheLaborMarket”;CherrieBucknor andAlanBarber(2016).“ThePriceWePay:EconomicCostsofBarrierstoEmploymentforFormerPrisonersandPeopleConvictedofFelonies”
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Lesslikelytoreoffend
Pro-socialActivities
FewerRiskyActivities
IncomeforFamily
ImprovedMentalHealth1
Strongerpositiverelationships
• Especiallywhenearningsareaboveminimumwage2• Especiallywithstablejobs3
SOURCES:(1)Graffam,Shinkfield,&McPherson(2004),“VariablesAffectingSuccessfulReintegrationasPerceivedbyOffendersandProfessionals”;(2)UrbanInstitute(2008),“EmploymentafterPrison:ALongitudinalStudyofReleaseesinThreeStates”;(3)Sampson&Laub (1993),“CrimeintheMaking:PathwaysandTurningPointsThroughLife”
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Employmentisanimportantpartofreentry
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Howdowebreakthecycle?
Loweredemploymentprospects
Failedreentry
Incarceration
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IntegratedReentryandEmploymentStrategies(IRES)whitepaperreleasedin2013
• SupportedbytheU.S.DepartmentofJusticeandtheAnnieE.CaseyFoundation,withguidancefromtheU.S.DepartmentofLabor
• Purpose:Bridgeandintegratebestpracticesfromthereentry, corrections,andworkforcedevelopmentfields
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Connect people to appropriate services based on assessed risk and needs
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Twopilotsitesselectedtotesttheframeworkatasystemslevel
1. Isour leadership committedtoacollaborativeapproach?
2. Doweconducttimelyrisk-needsassessments andjob-readinessscreenings?
3. Haveweconductedacomprehensiveprocessanalysisandinventoryofemploymentservices?
4. Dowehaveacoordinatedprocessformakingservicereferralsandtrackingdata?
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PalmBeachCounty,FL
MilwaukeeCounty,WI
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
Overview
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“Employmentisaninstrumentalpartofsuccessafterincarceration,andit’salsoamonumentalhurdleformanyreenteringsociety.”– Lt.Gov.RebeccaKleefisch(R),WI
“Wemustdomoretostoptherevolvingdoorofrecidivismonceandforall.”–Gov.AndrewCuomo(D),NY
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PolicymakersandPractitionersacrossthepoliticalspectrumareprioritizingemploymentasakeyissue
“Employmentisoneofthegreatestpredictorsofreentrysuccess…”– HaroldClarke,DirectorVirginiaDOC
“Weneedtonotjustgetthemajob,butteachthemthevalueofemployment,ofprovidingforthemselvesandprovidingfortheirfamilies.”– JohnWetzel,Sec.PennsylvaniaDOC
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Isourleadershipcommittedtoacollaborativeapproach?
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Executive leadership
involvement
Representative planning team
Designated project
coordinator
Commitment to vision,
mission, and guiding
principles
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Example: PlanningteamsinWisconsin
• CorePlanningTeam
• FullSteeringCommittee
• ExecutiveSteeringCommittee
• Othercoordinatingcouncilsandtaskforces
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Challengestoprioritizingemploymentservicesforthereentrypopulation
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
Overview
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Conductingtimelyrisk-needsassessmentsandjobreadinessscreenings
• Validatedrisk-needsassessments
• System-widedefinitionofjobreadiness
• Jobreadinessscreenings
• Mechanismsforinformationsharing
• Baselinedata
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Quiz:Whatarethetop4predictorsofrecidivism?Pleaseselectonly4frombelow(A) AntisocialThinking(B) LackofEducation/Employment(C) Family&MaritalStressors(D) AntisocialPeers(E) PastCriminalHistory(F) AntisocialPersonality(G) SubstanceUse(H) MentalDisorders(I) LackofPro-socialLeisureTime
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Whatarethepredictorsofrecidivism,andhowaretheymeasured?
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CriminalBehavior
Lackofemploymentor
education Family&maritalstressors
Lackofpro-socialleisuretime
Substanceuse
PastCriminalHistory*
AntisocialThinking
AntisocialPeers
AntisocialPersonality
*Pastcriminalhistorycannotbechanged
Risk/NeedsAssessments
Measurecriminogenicriskfactorsandspecific
needsthat,ifaddressed,will
reducelikelihoodoffuturecriminal
activity
Helpprioritizeprogrammingtomakethebestuseoflimitedresources
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Example: AssessmentprocessandinformationsharinginPalmBeachCounty,FL
• Contractedcommunity-basedreentryagenciesconductrisk-needassessment9monthspre-release
• Caseconferencingwithcorrectionalstaffandcommunity-basedreentryproviderstodevelopreentryplanpre-release
• InformationsharedindatabaseaccessibletoCriminalJusticeCommission(CJC),contractedcommunity-basedreentryserviceproviders,andlocalworkforceboard
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Whatarethepredictorsofjobreadiness,andhowaretheymeasured?
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Nonationalconsensusondefiningorassessingjobreadiness
Employabilityskillsaregeneralskillsnecessaryforsuccessinthelabor
marketatallemploymentlevels,acrossallsectors
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Example:50%ofpeoplereturningtoMilwaukeeCo.areatahigherriskofreoffendingandlessjobready
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DataDefinitionsHigherRisk:Medium,MediumwithOverrideConsideration,orHighRecommendedSupervisionLevelLowerRisk:LowRecommendedSupervisionLevelMoreReady:UnlikelyEducation/VocationalNeedScaleorUnlikelyEmploymentExpectationsScaleLessReady:ProbableorHighlyProbableEducation/VocationalNeedScaleorProbableorHighlyProbableEmploymentExpectationsScale
50%(393peopleperyear)
28%(218peopleperyear)
9%(69peopleperyear)
13%(102peopleperyear)
DatawasanalyzedforeveryonereleasedfromfourinstitutionsoffocustoMilwaukeeCo.in2015.
*WIDOCdataanalyzedbyTheCouncilofStateGovernmentsJusticeCenter
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
Overview
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Haveweconductedacomprehensiveprocessanalysisandinventoryofemploymentservices?
• Detailedprocessanalysis
• Servicecapacity
• Evidence-basedservices
• Identifyingexistingservices
• Alignmentoffundingrequirements
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What servicesaredeliveredshouldbebasedonaperson’slevelofjobreadiness
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MoreJob-Ready LessJob-Ready
PrimaryFocus:PromotingJobReadiness
• Educationandtraining• Soft-skilldevelopment• Transitionaljobplacements• Non-skill-relatedinterventions
PrimaryFocus:FindingandRetainingEmployment• Permanentunsubsidized
employment• Jobdevelopmentandcoaching• Retentionandadvancement
services(includingcontinuingeducationandtraining)
• Financialworkincentives
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Howservicesaredeliveredshouldbebasedonaperson’sriskofreoffending
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LowerRisk HigherRisk
Service Delivery Principles
Less Intensive Application for Lower-Risk People
More Intensive Application for Higher-Risk People
Engagement Avoid intensive case management Intensive case management and cognitive-behavioral interventions
Timing Important to connect to services upon release
Connect to services pre-release or immediately upon release
Incentives Less of a need for motivation Enhance motivation through communication and incentives
Coordination Community supervision should not be intensive
Work closely with community supervision officers, who can assist with intensive engagement
Structured Time
Avoid disrupting existing pro-social ties
Structure time in a pro-social environment
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Anexample
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Michael• 27• Felonyconviction• Highschoolgraduate
Joseph• 28• Felonyconviction• GED
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Michael• 27• Felonyconviction• Highschoolgraduate
Joseph• 28• Felonyconviction• GED
OtherRiskFactors:
• Nopriorconvictions • 3priorconvictions• Maintained familyties • Criminalthinking
• Historyofsubstanceuse
Anexample
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Michael• 27• Felonyconviction• Highschoolgraduate
Joseph• 28• Felonyconviction• GED
OtherRiskFactors:
• Nopriorconvictions • 3priorconvictions• Maintained familyties • Criminalthinking
• Historyofsubstanceuse
OtherJobReadinessFactors:
• Employed attimeofarrest • Unemployed attimeofarrest• Workedincorrectional industries
whileincarcerated• Gaps inemploymenthistory• Limitedskills
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Anexample
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Michael• 27• Felonyconviction• Highschoolgraduate
Joseph• 28• Felonyconviction• GED
OtherRiskFactors:
• Nopriorconvictions • 3priorconvictions• Maintained familyties • Criminalthinking
• Historyofsubstanceuse
OtherJobReadinessFactors:
• Employed attimeofarrest • Unemployed attimeofarrest• Workedincorrectional industries
whileincarcerated• Gaps inemploymenthistory• Limitedskills
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Anexample
Joseph?(A)Group1- Lower Risk/MoreReady(B)Group2- LowerRisk/LessReady(C)Group3-HigherRisk/MoreReady(D)Group4-HigherRisk/LessReady
Michael?(A)Group1- Lower Risk/MoreReady(B)Group2- LowerRisk/LessReady(C)Group3-HigherRisk/MoreReady(D)Group4-HigherRisk/LessReady
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Michael• 27• Felonyconviction• Highschoolgraduate
Joseph• 28• Felonyconviction• GED
OtherRiskFactors:
• Nopriorconvictions • 3priorconvictions• Maintained familyties • Criminalthinking
• Historyofsubstanceuse
OtherJobReadinessFactors:
• Employed attimeofarrest • Unemployed attimeofarrest• Workedincorrectional industries
whileincarcerated• Gaps inemploymenthistory• Limitedskills
Group1LowerRisk/MoreReady
Group4HigherRisk/LessReady
AppropriateServices:
• Connectwithservicesthatfocus onjobattainmentandretention
• Lowintensityservicedelivery andsupervision
• Intensiveengagementandstructuredprogramming
• Focusonsoftskilldevelopment andbuildingjobreadiness
Anexample
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Example:Employmentagenciesmaynotbeabletomeetserviceneedsoftargetpopulation
35EachstarrepresentsanemploymentagencyinMilwaukeeCountythatservesthereentrypopulation.
13% 9% 28% 50%
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Buildingcapacityandensuringservicecontractspromoteevidence-basedpractices• Developdifferentiatedservicetracksbasedonaparticipant’s
levelofjobreadiness
• Increaseknowledgeofevidence-basedpracticesandpromotecoordinationandcollaboration
• Alignreentryservicecontractswithevidence-basedpractices
• Referpeopletotheagenciesthatarebestequippedtomeettheirneeds
• Incorporatecross-agencyreferralstoprovidetargetedservices36
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Example:Employmentagenciesmaymovefromonegroupingtoanotherwithminorchanges*
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N=~48 N=~20 N=~86 N=~336*Changesmayincludetheadditionofcognitiveprogramming,creationofclearservicestracks,ortheallocationofcontractfunds
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Engaging key stakeholders
Understanding the intersection of reentry and employment
Assessing risk and needs
Inventorying available services
Making service referrals and tracking outcomes
Overview
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Dowehaveacoordinatedsystemformakingservicereferralsandtrackingdata?
• Establishingaleadcoordinatingagency
• Ongoingevaluationofcommunity-basedreentryservices
• Coordinatingtransitionplanning
• Trackingreferralsandservices
• Promotingcoordination,collaboration,andsustainability
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Example:ConnectingpeopletoreentryservicesinPalmBeachCounty,FL
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CJCFunctions:1.Contractwithprovidersforservicedelivery
2.Coordinateassessmentandreferralprocesses
3.Engageandenrollpeopleinprogrammingpre-release
4.Maintaindatabasetotrackindividualoutcomes
Sago Palm Reentry Center
County jailsFL DOC facilities
Community-Based Reentry and Employment Service Providers
CareerSourceGulfstream Goodwill Industries
The Lord’s PlaceRiviera Beach Justice Services Center
CJC connects people to community-based
reentry and employment services
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