Integrated Water Resources Management in China by Dr Zhanyi Gao

Integrated Water Resources Management in China

Dr. Zhanyi Gao China Institute of Water Resources and

Hydropower Research

Precipitation Distribute in Space

mm

800

400

200

200

400 800

Distribution of Precipitation in Temporary

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

J F M A M J J A S O N D

%

Water and Land Distribution In China

South China North China

Water Land

0

20

40

60

80

100 %

80%

20%

38%

62%

85,400 reservoirs ，total storage capacity 634.5 billion m3

Total irrigated area 57.8 million ha with. 402 are large irrigation districts, each with irrigated area more than 20,000 ha

4.39 million pumping wells irrigate area 16.89 million ha

506,000 pumping stations

Summary of achievement (by the end of 2008)

17

4044.4

75

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

World China

Irri.Area(%)

Grain Pro.(%)

Challenge 1 Growing Population

1272

1372

14591476

1150

1200

1250

1300

1350

1400

1450

1500

2000 2010 2020 2030

(million)

Grain Demand Increasing with Population Increasing

504

566

625664

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2000 2010 2020 2030

(million T)

Challenge 2 Reduction of Farmland

128

126

124

122

110

120

130

2000 2010 2020 2030

(million ha)

Challenge 3 Water Competition and Scarcity

62.1

23.4

12.7

1.80

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Agriculture Industry Domestic Eco.system

(%)

In 2009 the total volume of Water was 593.3 billion M3

Challenge 4 Climate Change

Distribution of Draught Affected Area in 2008

Challenge 5 Aged Irrigation Facilities

Draught Occur Frequency and Cereal Losses

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1950-1990 1991-2007

Draught F(%)

Cereal L(%)

Improvement Water Management at Different Scales

Integrated Water

Management

National Basin Irrigation

Scheme On Farm

South to North Water Transfer

海河Haihe river

淮河Huaihe river

黄河 Yellow river

长江Yangtze river

西

线

工

程

WL

中线

工程

ML 东

线

工

程

EL

Water Management at Basin Level

10 Basins or Areas

Irrigation Scheme Level

Reinforcement of 6240 large, medium and small -

sized reservoirs will be completed by 2010

• Canal lining

Application of Information and Automation Technology

• Upgrading on-farm irrigation system

Small basin

Field canal lining Subsurface pipeline

• Main structures, main and branch canals are managed

by irrigation district bureau

• Lateral and sub-lateral canals are managed by WUA

• Irrigation management has been improved by

introducing WUA, provided water users with better

service.

Irrigation district

management system WUA Water users + +

Introducing Water Use Association

(WUA) to manage irrigation water

Set up WUA

Roles from Government to Private

Government

WUA Management agents

Increasing Investment for Water Sector

This year the investment for water sector

is increased to 400 billion RMB Yuan (60

billion USD), which doubles the

investment for water sector in 2010;

This investment policy will be lasted for

10 years.

National and International Cooperation

Public

Users and WUA Technical Org.