1 Public Health and Environment PHE WHO Global WHO Global Strategic Strategic Framework Framework Integrated Vector Management Integrated Vector Management Robert Robert Bos Bos Water, Sanitation, Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Hygiene and Health Unit and Health Unit Public Health and Public Health and Environment Environment , WHO Geneva , WHO Geneva
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Public Health and Environment PHE
WHO Global WHO Global StrategicStrategic FrameworkFramework
Robert Robert BosBosWater, Sanitation, Water, Sanitation, HygieneHygiene and Health Unitand Health UnitPublic Health and Public Health and EnvironmentEnvironment, WHO Geneva, WHO Geneva
Zoogeography describes the natural distribution of vector species/species complexes
Climate is the major driver
Man-made drivers modulate the distribution and include global climate change, hydrological changes (irrigation, dams), changed land use patterns and urbanization.
Measures to reduce population densitiesMeasures to reduce population densitiesSource reduction – different forms of environmentalmanagement (engineering, modification, manipulation)Predator-prey systems (fish, predator insects, amphibians)Microbial toxinsChemical larvicidingChemical adulticiding (e.g. fogging)
MeasuresMeasures to to reducereduce vectorvector longivitylongivity/vectorial /vectorial capacitycapacityIndoor residual spraying
PersonalPersonal//communitycommunity protectionprotectionInsecticide treated nets and materials (short and long lasting)Housing improvementZooprophylaxis
In the pipelineIn the pipelineGenetically engineered mosquitoes
the utilization of all appropriate technological and the utilization of all appropriate technological and management techniques to bring about an effective management techniques to bring about an effective degree of vector suppression in a costdegree of vector suppression in a cost--effective effective mannermanner
WHWHO 1983O 1983
IVC back in 1983, and what followed
Elements• economics• vector control technology• output indicator is vague
The targeted use of different vector control methods The targeted use of different vector control methods alone or in combination to prevent or reduce humanalone or in combination to prevent or reduce human--vector contact costvector contact cost--effectively, while addressing effectively, while addressing sustainability issuessustainability issues
5. With the goal of reducing and ultimately eliminating the use of DDT, the Conference of the Parties shall encourage:
(a) Each Party using DDT to develop and implement an action plan as part of the implementation plan specified in Article 7.
(b) That action plan shall include:(i) Development of regulatory and other mechanisms to ensure that DDT use is restricted to disease vector control;(ii) Implementation of suitable alternative products, methods and strategies, including resistance management strategies to ensure the continuing effectiveness of these alternatives;(iii) Measures to strengthen health care and to reduce the incidence of the disease.
Responding to demand from MemberStates, faced with problems of increasedvector-borne disease burdens, insecticide resistance and social resistance to spraying, and required to comply with the Stockholm Convention on POPs
The Global Strategic Framework for integrated vectormanagement has been developed both to address deficienciesin vector control and to improve the efficacy, cost-effectiveness,ecological soundness and sustainability of thatcontrol.
More effective disease vector control will make asignificant contribution to the attainment of the MillenniumDevelopment Goals.
An IVM-based process should be cost-effective, should haveindicators for monitoring efficacy with respect to impact onvector populations and disease transmission, and should employ sustainable approaches compatible with local health systems.It should also allow effective planning and decision-making totake place at the lowest possible administrative levels(subsidiarity).
Global Framework: IVM definition and attributes (cntnd)