INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM). What is IPM Integrated pest management (IPM) is an approach to pest control that uses a combination of common sense.

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

(IPM)

What is IPMIntegrated pest management (IPM) is

an approach to pest control that uses a combination of common sense strategies, instead of chemicals on a regular basis to reduce the number of pests that can cause a health hazard.

Common Sense Approach

Building repairs Sanitation Good Retail Practices

Goals of an IPM Program

Reduce pest management costsProtect human health by suppressing pests that serve as a vector for diseases,Reduce losses from pest damage, Reduce environmental pollution,Reduce human exposure to pesticides

What you are spending and using for pest control

Many don’t know what the pest control company is usingMany don’t know where the pesticides are being appliedMost spend an average of $100/month on pest control.Most are dependant on monthly serviceSome have weekly service

Problems with Pesticides

How they work They don’t break down easilySome are persistent in the environmentPesticides may breakdown more slowly indoors.

Health Effects

May aggravate existing respiratory conditionsMuch is unknown about their long term health effectsSome health effects may be due to long term repeated exposure National Pesticide Telecommunication Network - 1-800-858-7378

Environmental Effects

Get into your food Stays on surfaces in your kitchenIndoor air qualityMay get into waterways and effect marine life

Problems with pesticide-based programs

Accidental Cross over onto foodBureau of Pesticides does not license applicators for retail food service, just producersMisuse by the operatorResistant bugsMore potent chemicals usedAntibiotic comparison

How To Solve the Problem

Work with pest company to identify pests and recognize the signs of their presence.Deny Entry, Food, Water, and ShelterMonitoringSee if pest company will offer alternative services – sanitationEducate staff

Identify Pests and Recognize the Signs of their Presence

Work with your pest control companyYou should have a basic understanding of the identification, behavior habits, and biology of the target pestsWe don’t expect you to be pest expertsPlace monitoring devices in appropriate areas

FliesAs many as 33 million microorganisms may flourish in a single flies gut, a half-billion more swarm on its body and legsA fly deposits thousands of bacteria each times it landsSanitation is critical to controlling these pests

Fruit Flies and Drain Flies

Both can breed anywhereFemales lay up to 500 eggs which will hatch in one dayAre an indicator of unsanitary conditionsGood sanitation practices are the ONLY way to eliminate these pests

Cockroaches

Reproduce quickly – for everyone you see there can be 200 hiding and multiplying behind the wallsThey are nocturnal – the few you see by day were likely forced out by overcrowdingEggs are naturally protected from insecticides

CockroachesEvery habitat has a capacity to support a certain number of cockroaches – Carrying CapacityBiological forces always aim to maintain the population a that level, regardless of measures taken to reduce the population (pesticide applications)If some cockroaches die after an insecticide application, the reproductive rate will increase to replace those individuals and keep the population near the carrying capacity

What is Sanitation?

Not just cleaning and trash removalEliminating sources that cause diseaseFixing structural problemsRegular cleaning of drains, grease traps, etc.Engineering

Entry PointsOne of the first steps in control pests at your establishment is to deny entryWindows and doors have screens in good repairWindows and doors are tight fittingVents have screensHoles and cracks in walls and floors are repairedCheck plumbingSuppliers

Food Sources

All pests need a source of food to surviveSmall amounts are enough to allow large amounts of pests to surviveA small raisin represents a full day’s nutrition for more than 580 cockroachesMice and cockroaches can easily chew through paper, cardboard and thin plastic containersGrease – ants and cockroaches…

Popular Locations for Food Sources

Trash CansDumpstersFood Preparation areasSinks and Floor drainsDry storage areasBehind fixed equipmentUtensil drawersBulk soda storage area

Water Sources

All pests need water to surviveOne drop of water a day is all that a cockroach needs to survive

Source of Water

All types of plumbingFaulty drainsMopsSpongesStacking wet clean pots and other food contact surfacesDrip pans under refrigeratorsCondensation from pipes

Breeding and Harborage Areas

Rubbish and debris outside the facilityStorage areasPlumbing holes in wallsCluttered break roomsRestrooms

Breeding and Harborage Areas

Behind moldingsSmall holes in cabinet doorsAround rubber gasketsBehind equipmentPaper bags and Cardboard boxes

Monitoring

Perform daily inspections – use proper tools.Place monitoring traps and devices in correct areasKeep records of what you findEducate staff to report any signs of pests

Your monitoring has revealed a pest problem

How big of a pest infestation is itWhat kind of pest is itCan you find a way to eliminate its harborage conditionsCan you use a non-chemical approach – vacuum cleaners, fly swatters, bug lights

What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticideAsk your pest control company for a couple different pesticides they recommend usingAsk your pest control company for MSDS for each of their suggestionsRead the label and look for caution, warning, or danger

What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide

Contact the National Pesticide Telecommunication Network for information on the pesticide your pest company recommends usingChoose appropriate application methodsStay away from foggers and similar applicationsTake appropriate precautions to protect food and food contact surfaces before and after the application.

An Effective IPM Program will include

InvestigationActionFollow up

Investigation

Inspection – use a flashlightIdentify the pestMonitor

Action

Tolerate PreventionNon-chemicalChemical

Follow up

Evaluation – did it workEducation – what did I learn

How to Integrate Toxic Use Reduction into Food Establishments?

Education and training Possible RegulationsOngoing reinforcement through inspections

Food Code Requirements

FC 6-501.111 – Critical ViolationThe presence of insects, rodents, and other pests shall be controlled and minimize their presence by

Routinely inspecting incoming shipments of food and supplies Routinely inspecting the premises for evidence of pestsEliminating harborage conditions

Food Code Requirements

Using methods, if pests are found, such as trapping devices or other means of pest control as specified under 7-202.12, 7-206.12, and 7-206.13:

Used according to law and this codeLabel states that use is allowed in a food establishmentAdditional conditions that may be established by the regulatory authority

Food Code Requirements

Applied so that:A hazard to employees or other persons is not constituted, andContamination including toxic residues due to drip, drain, fog, splash, or spray on food, equipment, utensils, linens, and single-service and single-use articles is prevented and for a restricted-use pesticide, this is achieved by

Food Code Requirements

Removing the itemsCovering the items with impermeable covers, orTaking other appropriate preventative actions, andCleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils after the application

Possible Regulations

All food establishments will be required to have MSDS available for all pesticides and cleaners used in the establishmentThe Board of Health, may, at its discretion, employ a pest professional or require an establishment to employ a pest control professional to identify pest control problems and code related violations during food establishment inspections

All food establishments with a known pest infestation will be required to submit an integrated pest management plan, to be approved by the Board of Health, Including the following

Identification of factors contributing to harborageInspection by a certified pest management professional Plan of action to address immediate problem and to prevent further infestations