Integrated Design

1Training Course for ISRO Civil Engineering Division at BangaloreIntegrated Approach to Integrated Approach to

Design, Construction & Design, Construction & Commissioning of Commissioning of

BuildingsBuildingsAND

ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGNS:

A PROSPEROUS PATH TO A A PROSPEROUS PATH TO A CLEAN ENVIRONMENTCLEAN ENVIRONMENT

2Training Course for ISRO Civil Engineering Division at Bangalore

Introduction• Building Configuration and Placement • Design Tools • Passive Solar (includes passive solar heating,

passive solar cooling, thermal storage, daylighting)

• Building Envelope • Active Solar and Photovoltaic Systems • Appliances & Equipment • Lighting • Building Materials


Introduction• Establishing a base case—for example, a

performance profile showing energy use and costs for a typical facility that complies with code and other measures for the project type, location, size, etc.

• Identifying a range of solutions—all those that appear to have potential for the specific project.

• Evaluating the performance of individual strategies—one by one through sensitivity analysis or a process of elimination parametrics


• Grouping strategies that are high performers into different combinations to evaluate performance.

• Selecting strategies, refining the design, and reiterating the analysis throughout the process.

• design teams often make incremental changes that are effective and result in high-performance buildings.


Building Configuration and Placement

– Solar accessibility should be a part of site analysis.

– Orienting the building – "skin to volume" ratio of the building– perimeter daylighting– Compromise the thermal performance of

the building, the electrical load and cooling load savings


Design and Analysis Tools for Building Simulation?

• Building Design Advisor

• Building life-cycle cost Assessment

• DOE-2 hour-by-hour energy use

• ENERGY-10 annual simulation program • Energy Plus modeling buildings with associated heating,

cooling, lighting, ventilating, and other energy flows

• SERI-RES passive solar design and thermal performance

• SPARK Models complex building envelopes• Window thermal performance of fenestration products


Passive Solar Design

•Passive Solar Heating

•Passive Solar Cooling

•Thermal Storage

•Daylighting


Passive solar design - challenging

•Can natural daylighting reduce the need for electric light?

•If less electric light generates less heat, will there be a lower cooling load?

•If the cooling load is lower, can the fans be smaller?

•Will natural ventilation allow fans and other cooling equipment to be turned off at times?


•Climate (sun, wind, air temperature, and humidity)

•Building orientation (glazing and room layout)

•Building use type (occupancy schedules and use profiles)

•Lighting and daylighting (electric and natural light sources)

•Building envelope (geometry, insulation, fenestration, air leakage, ventilation, shading, thermal mass, color)

•Internal heat gains (from lighting, office equipment, machinery, and people)

•HVAC (plant, systems, and controls)

•Energy costs (fuel source, demand charges, conversion efficiency).


The ProblemThe Problem• an optimum design is based on

minimizing life-cycle cost: the sum of solar system first-cost and life-cycle operating costs

• 19th century contrivances that seemed to serve our parents and grandparents so well are attracting our attention today.

• Cost and technical analyses


Building EnvelopeBuilding Envelope• Windows • Walls and Roofs • Insulation • Climate Considerations • Doors, Windows, and Openings • Thermal Efficiency • Reflectivity • Moisture Buildup


Active Solar SystemsActive Solar Systems

• Active Solar Hot Water

• Active Solar Heating

• Photovoltaic Cells

• Biomass Generation

• Recycling Building waste

• Wind Energy?


TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE

• Advanced Wind Turbines.

• Photovoltaic Modules.

–Economically viable for high quality power applications.

• Rail Transport in preference to Road.

• Telecomunications, Data & Video communications & Electronic Commerce. -----Travel less.



Some examples of Some examples of Innovative pathInnovative path

• Battery Bus

• Zero effluent - Zuari fertiliser.

• Energy efficiency - Ambuja Cement.

• Use office waste for heat & energy.

• Use CNG in preference to liquid fuels.

• Reduce pollution at traffic lights.


Some Steps of Innovative pathSome Steps of Innovative path

• Buildings to be designed to be reasonably self sufficient to operate; with their own energy sources & waste disposal systems.

• Industrial units to have their basic power generation locally.

• Use electronic communications; Minimise TRAVEL


Results of Innovative pathResults of Innovative path

Energy consumpion should marginally decrease & there should be a change

from OIL, COAL & NuclearOIL, COAL & Nuclearto SOLAR, WIND & Fuel Cells. SOLAR, WIND & Fuel Cells.


Sustainable Building Materials

• Non-toxic • Recycled and recyclable • Renewable • Local • Standard sizes, modular, pre-cut (reduces

waste) • Certified wood • Durable and long lasting


E&M Systems

• HVACHVAC

•Lighting•Water Supply & Sewage Disposal

•Fire Detection & Protection


National Building Code• New Chapter ZERO

• Emphasis on Integrated approach

• What is the cost of implementation? What is the investment needed?

• How long will it take?

• What are the benefits?

• Who has succeeded in implementation?


Thank Thank YouYou

22Training Course for ISRO Civil Engineering Division at BangaloreIntegrated Approach to Integrated Approach to

Design, Construction & Design, Construction & Commissioning of Commissioning of

BuildingsBuildingsAND

ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGNS:A PROSPEROUS PATH TO A A PROSPEROUS PATH TO A

CLEAN ENVIRONMENTCLEAN ENVIRONMENT

Integrated Design

Business

building simulation

building skin

hour energy use energy

heat energy

building perimeter daylighting

optimum design

design teams

placement solar accessibility