Integrated Climate-induced Disaster Risk Management (IC ... Semester Report... · 1 United Nations Development Programme and National Disaster Management Agency Integrated Climate-induced

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United Nations Development Programme

and

National Disaster Management Agency

Integrated Climate-induced Disaster Risk Management

(IC-DRM)

Semester Progress Report

01 July – 31 December 2015

Prepared For

Bureau for Programme and Policy Support (BPPS)

Thematic Trust Fund for Government of Sweden

December 2015

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Contents

ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................... 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... 4

EVALUATION OF PROGRESS DURING THE REPORTING PERIOD ..................................... 6

Output 1: National DRR-CCA framework developed to guide disaster and climate risk management 6

Output 2: Competence and ability of key government offices at national and sub-national level strengthened in climate risk assessment methodology and data information sharing ............................ 7

CROSS CUTTING ISSUES ................................................................................................... 11

Gender Mainstreaming .................................................................................................................................................... 11

Partnerships .......................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Lessons Learned ................................................................................................................................................................. 12

CHALLENGES/ISSUES AND RESPONSES .......................................................................... 12

ANNEXES: ....................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

1: Financial Report .................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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Acronyms Bappenas Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (National Development Planning Agency) Bappeda Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Regional Development Planning Agency) BIG Badan Informasi Geospatial (National Geospatial Agency) BPBD Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (Regional Disaster Management Agency) BPS Badan Pusat Statistik (Central Statistics Agency) BPPS Bureau for Programme and Policy Support BMKG Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (Meteorology, Climatology and

Geophysics Agency) BNPB Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (National Disaster Management Agency) CCA Climate change adaptation CPAP Country Programme Action Plan CSO Civil society organization DRR Disaster risk reduction GoI Government of Indonesia IC-DRM Integrated Climate-induced Disaster Risk Management ISO International Organization for Standardization Kemendikbud Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Ministry of Education and Culture) Kemeneg PP & PA Kementerian Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak (State Ministry

of Women Empowerment and Child Protection) Kemenkes Kementerian Kesehatan (Ministry of Health) KemenPUPR Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (Ministry of Public Works) Kemensos Kementerian Sosial (Ministry of Social Affairs) KKP Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries) KLHK Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup and Kehutanan (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Komnas Perempuan Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan (National Commission on Violence

Against Women) MoU Memorandum of Understanding NGO Non-governmental organization NTT Nusa Tenggara Timur (East Nusa Tenggara Province) SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SC-DRR Safer Communities through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development SPARC Strategic Planning and Action to strengthen climate resilience of Rural Communities UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNPDF United Nations Partnership for Development Framework VA Vulnerability Assessment

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Executive Summary During this semester, the draft of the CCA-DRR convergence framework was prepared for a presentation for Climate Week on 6 October 2015 and DRR Day on 18 October 2015. Both presentations received positive feedbacks from the audience from multi-stakeholders in CCA and DRR areas. The CCA-DRR convergence framework draft is developed with inputs from multi-disciplinary consultants and experts. The project has engaged voluntary writing teams from universities and NGOs as well as obtaining substantive input from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) and Ministry of Forestry and Environment (KLHK). Specific analysis and concerns on gender mainstreaming were also incorporated into this draft. A further draft of climate and coastal risk indicators has also been produced focusing on climate-induced risks such as floods, droughts, windstorms and landslides. These indicators are part of the climate risk assessment methodology which have been developed and trained to local stakeholders in Manggarai district, Sumba Timur district and Sabu Raijua district in NTT Province. A draft of mechanism for DRR and CCA data and information sharing has been produced. Data sharing is critical in order to properly assess risks and develop the required plans to manage and reduce it. In this reporting period, IC-DRM has facilitated the key ministries to further identify existing challenges on the absence of standard format for data collection, develop linkages of various data variables to enable synergy, and facilitate the process to have a mutual understanding regarding the responsibility of particular agency to produce specific data. Relevant with this work, UNDP Indonesia provided technical assistance to BNPB in leading piloting initiative to assess and propose feasible indicators to measure DRR related goals and targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The exercise is built upon analysis on the existing national and local system in producing and processing data and information for SDGs reporting needs.

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Situational Background Integrated Climate-induced Disaster Risk Management (IC-DRM) is addressing a number of existing challenges and gaps in terms of DRR and CCA integration in Indonesia. Based on an analysis of the context, the foremost challenge is the absence of a framework for DRR-CCA convergence. Without a clear framework, linkages between the two areas are difficult to conceptualize. Line ministries, local governments, and other development actors tend to work in silos, rather than through a coordinated mechanism to address inter-related issues. At the technical level, there are no standardized indicators to assess climate and coastal risks. Assessment methodologies utilize separate criterion and indicators, making it difficult for local governments to comprehensively identify the risks they face, whether or not they are climate-induced. Coupled with limited technical capacities of local authorities, this has led to a lack of synergy in planning documents and measures to address risks.

Ineffective coordination and exchange of information also impede the ability of line ministries to integrate DRR and CCA in relevant development plans and programmes. Line ministries recognize that a lack of data and information has thwarted the planning of well-informed programmes. Information and data gaps are caused by minimal exposure, as well as a reluctance of certain line ministries to share sectoral data.

To address the aforementioned gaps, IC-DRM aims to improve policies and capacities on integrating DRR and CCA, within the context of the umbrella project, Safer Communities through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (SC-DRR) Phase II. The initiative is designed to promote convergence of the two approaches by bringing together and convening DRR and CCA policies, actors, methodologies, data and information.

First, IC-DRM is supporting the development of a convergence framework, engaging key line ministries, experts/scientists and non-governmental partners. Second, technical inputs are being provided to produce indicators for climate-induced and coastal disaster risks. These indicators will feed into the district risk assessment methodology being developed by BNPB. Local government officials will gain a better understanding of these indicators through a field testing exercise. Lastly, IC-DRM will promote data and information sharing among line ministries and provide advice on how to create and establish linkages between existing information systems.

This initiative also contributes to the achievement of the Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP) and the United Nations Partnership for Development Framework (UNPDF) 2011-2015 for Indonesia. Both plans aspire to strengthen resilience to disasters, shocks and climate change. IC-DRM can be used as a platform and spring board for DRR-CCA integration, in alignment with Government of Indonesia’s efforts to reduce climate-induced risks.

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Evaluation of Progress during the Reporting Period Output 1: National DRR-CCA framework developed to guide disaster and climate risk management

Key achievements:

1. Fourth draft of the DRR-CCA convergence framework developed by writing and expert teams with substantive input from BNPB and presented during Climate Week and DRR Day

2. Second draft of indicators to improve the assessment of climate-induced risks produced and tested during simulation workshops in three districts in NTT Province

National Convergence Framework During this reporting period, July until December 2015, the project facilitated six workshops to further refine the convergence framework draft. The draft has five key components namely; 1) Policy and regulation, 2) Institutional strengthening, 3) Funding mechanism, 4) Planning and implementation, and 5) Methodology. The draft has been further consulted with the key government partners; the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) and the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB). The refined draft was then presented during the Climate Week, an event organized by various organizations under the Indonesia Climate Alliance on 6 October 2015. The event was attended by climate change and climate change adaptation actors from government as well as non-government stakeholders including academia, experts, and NGOs. The draft received positive feedbacks from the attendees and was then revised. The Climate Week event was then followed by DRR Day event held by BNPB on 18 October 2015. The event was attended by DRR actors from government as well as non-government stakeholders including academia, experts, and NGOs. The revised draft was presented on both mentioned events and received positive feedbacks from the audience. Through both important annual events, the importance of DRR-CCA convergence has been conveyed to the attendees in which that both DRR and CCA share a common goal which is to build resilient communities. Reducing vulnerabilities and increasing capacities will lead to resilient communities. Climate risk and coastal indicators

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The development of climate related risk assessment methodology that included the coastal indicators had been completed in Q2. In Q3 a summary of the methodology was developed for easy reference. Based on this methodology, through consultations with KLHK and BNPB, the project developed the module for training the local stakeholders at district level. The trainings have been conducted in November 2015 in three selected districts in NTT Province; Manggarai District, Sumba Timur District and Sabu Raijua District. Stakeholders at district level which included different local government agencies, local NGOs, local academia and representatives from communities.

Table 1. Progress achieved against milestones and targets Output 1

Output Indicator Annual Milestone Output Target(by end of IC-DRM)

Availability of national DRR-CCA convergence framework

Planned 2014 • DRR-CCA Convergence

framework produced with specific gender concerns

• National convergence DRR-CCA framework available

Progress to date

• Refinement of the draft conducted based on consultations with key government partners; BNPB and KLHK

• Fourth draft of national DRR-CCA convergence framework produced

Degree of involvement of key line ministries in the formulation process, including ministries for women empowerment and child protection

Planned N/A • At least 5 line ministries (including Ministry of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection) closely involved in formulation on convergence DRR-CCA framework

Progress to date

N/A • In this semester four ministries and agencies were consulted: Ministry of Environment & Forestry, BNPB, Ministry of Home Affairs and National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas)

• BNPB and Ministry of Environment & Forestry particularly provided technical guidance on the contents of each component of DRR-CCA convergence framework. The project also engaged closely with gender expert to ensure gender perspective is included in the draft.

Level of political support by key line ministries of the convergence framework

Planned N/A • National DRR-CCA convergence framework is presented and supported by the key ministries

Progress to date

N/A • Middle level of officials from BNPB and KLHK engaged in enhancing the CCA-DRR convergence framework

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• BNPB and KLHK plan to launch and disseminate the convergence framework draft in July/August 2016

Availability of climate and coastal risk assessment indicators, including guideline on gender analysis

Planned 2014 • Climate and coastal risk

assessment indicators produced

• Climate and coastal risk assessment indicators present at the national level

Progress to date

• Second draft of indicators for climate and coastal risk assessment developed and consulted with BNPB, KLHK and DRR and CCA experts and practitioners.

The draft of indicators which are part of climate risk assessment methodology was tested during the trainings in November 2015 in three districts in NTT province

Output 2: Competence and ability of key government offices at national and sub-national level strengthened in climate risk assessment methodology and data information sharing

Key achievements:

1. Climate risk assessment methodology draft and training module draft developed.

2. Data and information sharing mechanism draft with input from key ministries developed.

Climate risk assessment module and training The project engaged a team of consultants in the Q2. The draft of climate risk assessment methodology and the draft of training module have been developed. Climate and coastal indicators are part of the climate risk assessment methodology which will ensure the consistency of content and quality. The module draft has been developed closely guided by BNPB and KLHK in order to align with and complement the existing module on disaster risk and climate vulnerability assessments produced respectively by both line ministries. The draft of module has been tested during the climate risk assessment methodology trainings conducted in November 2015 in three districts in NTT Province namely; Manggarai District, Sumba Timur District and Sabu Raijua District. The methodology and module are being reviewed and refined based on the results of the trainings. During the trainings, local stakeholders previously mentioned were taught on what data and information required, how to obtain them, put them into the methodology and provide

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analysis. Through the trainings, using the real data from multi sources, the participants have produced a climate risk map of each district. The trainings were funded by IC-DRM through its umbrella project called SC-DRR Phase II where BNPB as the implementing partner and also another UNDP’s assisted project called SPARC where KLHK is the implementing partner. Participants were local stakeholders from three districts located in climate sensitive areas. Data and information sharing Data and information availability and access are important in measuring the results of efforts to manage and reduce risks. This is in alignment with global and national agendas. Globally, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have six goals and eight targets that relate to reducing disaster risk and managing climate risks. Meanwhile, the Sendai Framework for DRR stipulated targets for the next 15 years to build disaster resilience. At the national level, the Indonesian Mid-term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2015-2019 also has a strategic priority relating to the reduction of risks in centers of economic growth that are located in high-risk areas. All of these agendas require reliable data to be exchanged and shared among relevant ministries, as well as in global platforms. During this reporting period, discussions continued in one consultation workshop on data and information sharing held in August 2015 engaging key ministries, notably BNPB, Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), Geospatial National Geospatial Agency (BIG), KLHK and Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA). Again, the issue of no mutual understanding about who is responsible for producing specific data related to CCA and DRR has been the main concern. The project has developed a draft of concept for data and information sharing mechanism. This will become part of the DRR-CCA convergence framework and will be shared with key stakeholders in the next quarter. UNDP Indonesia with support from BPPS has also provided support on a similar initiative with the larger objective to measure progress and achievements of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in disaster and climate resilience. This initiative is facilitated to explore and propose feasible indicators of specific SDGs goals and targets related to DRR and CCA. This includes the assessment of the national and local institutional system to produce and utilize statistical data and information for SDG reporting needs. BNPB has led this exercise, engaging other ministries amongst others the National Statistics Centre (Badan Pusat Statistik/BPS), National Geospatial Agency (Badan Informasi Geospatial/BIG), Ministries of Social Affairs (Kementerian Sosial/Kemensos), Ministry of Health (Kementerian Kesehatan/Kemenkes), Ministry of Education and Culture (Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan/Kemendikbud), KLHK, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affairs (Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan/KKP), Ministry of Public Works (Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan/KemenPUPR) and selected local governments. A final national workshop was organized and attended by key ministries and UN agencies in

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August 2015 to present the indicators. Acceptance to the proposed indicators was good and the ministries emphasized the importance of aligning SDGs and SFDRR implementation in Indonesia to reinforce building sustainable and resilient development. This includes better coordination and communication among key and sectoral ministries for improving development programme and activities synergy. It was also agreed that sustainable development goals cannot be achieved without mainstreaming disaster risk reduction and management into local development planning and practices. For that purpose, more detailed indicators are required to be institutionalized in government monitoring and reporting system to measure progress in resilient and sustainable development. Eventually, the participants highlighted the capacity gaps of national and local government to gather and synthesize required statistical data within regular development process and system. These capacity gaps should be addressed to support evident-based monitoring and reporting of SDGs and SFDRR goals and targets. Table 2. Progress achieved against milestones and targets Output 2

Output Indicator Annual Milestone Output Target (by end of IC-DRM)

Availability of training module on climate and coastal risk assessments

Planned 2015 • Training module on climate and

coastal risk assessment produced

• Climate and coastal risk assessment indicators and training modules piloted at district level and presented at the national level

• Collection of gender disaggregated data of climate and coastal risks and vulnerability between different genders

Progress to date

• Draft of training module on climate and coastal risk assessment produced as well coastal indicators as part of the assessment methodology

• N/A

Number of district officials trained in applying the climate and coastal risk assessment indicators

Planned 2015 • Training for selected district

Government officials conducted

• At least 50 officials (40% are women officials) from 3 districts trained in climate and coastal risk assessment

Progress to date

• Trainings in districts of Manggarai, Sumba Timur, and Sabu Raijua conducted

• Approximately 60 government official from 3 districts and 50% are women participated in the training.

Extent to which perceived understanding and knowledge on climate and

Planned • N/A • Trainees perceive an improvement in their understanding and knowledge on climate and coastal risk assessments

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coastal risk assessments is improved

Progress to date

• Trainees appreciated the trainings as they learned many things particularly the principles of hazards, vulnerabilities, capacities as well as risk. Trainees understood how important risk analysis is for decision making process.

• Preliminary climate risk map produced in 3 districts.

Perception of key government officials on usefulness and applicability of data and information sharing mechanism

Planned 2015 • Mechanism for data and information

sharing developed

• Data and information sharing mechanism formulated engaging minimum 6 line ministries

• At least 60 percent perceive the data and information sharing mechanism is useful and applicable

Progress to date

• third consultation has been organized with line ministries responsible for producing disaster and climate related data and information

• Draft of data and information mechanism developed.

N/A

Cross Cutting Issues

Gender Mainstreaming

The DRR-CCA convergence framework draft has specifically addressed and elaborated the importance of mainstreaming gender and empowerment of vulnerable groups in all of its chapters. In particular, the draft highlighted interventions on gender mainstreaming should be enforced in 3 out of 5 key priority areas of DRR-CCA convergence i.e, policy, funding and monitoring and evaluation. The gender mainstreaming key approaches in current draft are focussed on 1) recognizing the existence of vulnerable groups, 2) understanding and fulfilling their different needs, 3) engaging them in DRR and CCA planning and implementation, and 4) measuring results indicated by reduced their vulnerability. A limitation of references and examples from global and national level practices as well as a general gap in sex disaggregated data remains as the challenges. Efforts to engender the climate and coastal indicators also faced similar challenges. Partnerships

IC-DRM has continued convening different actors for DRR-CCA convergence, especially key ministries such as BNPB and KLHK as well as some technical ministries. The partnership is also expanded to DRR and CCA experts and practitioners from universities, research institutions, NGOs and CSOs.

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There is a growing momentum and interest in CCA and DRR, and convergence as observed from requests from state and non-state actors to the project to share the convergence framework concept and draft in several events. These events include the DRR-CCA Synergy Seminar (June 2015), Climate Week (October 2015) and DRR Month Commemoration (October 2015). Local stakeholders also shared their views regarding the implementation of DRR-CCA convergence framework at local level during the climate risk assessment methodology training conducted in Manggarai district, Sumba TImur district, and Sabu Raijua district. All inputs from various stakeholders were assessed further and incorporated in the recent draft of convergence framework. This demonstrates that national stakeholders are beginning to realize the importance of building synergy to reduce risks and adapt to climate change

It is hoped that the efforts support by IC-DRM will expand the number of DRR and CCA convergence proponents moving forward.

Lessons Learned

IC-DRM has spent a lot more time than anticipated in bringing different stakeholders together since the idea of the DRR-CCA convergence framework was launched in early 2014 by BNPB and KLHK. However, the process itself has proved to be important and effective in building a shared understanding and garnering support for developing and deliberating the concept of convergence. Global and national agendas (e.g. SDGs, Sendai Framework for DRR, National Mid-term Development Plan, etc.) all have links to disaster and climate risks, and thus discussions to elaborate these linkages are increasingly being supported by ministries, who are also leading such initiatives.

The engagement of multi-disciplinary experts has also been crucial in ensuring the quality of results. The project has been able to recruit and assign CCA, DRR and gender consultants to facilitate the process, prepare substantive materials and engage experts and practitioners from different organizations. These groups have provided technical inputs voluntarily since this initiative complements their own work and organizational interests. IC-DRM has built and expanded alliances to promote DRR-CCA convergence by engaging state and non-state actors. Furthermore, establishing and nurturing a good interpersonal relation with all actors also plays important role. This has enable the project to safeguard the interest and willingness of multi-disciplinary experts and government agencies to continue working as a team and for an initiative that could change their organizational business process or comfort zone.

Challenges/Issues and Responses

IC-DRM has to deal with the fact that the process of developing the DRR- CCA convergence framework has been very dynamic, a lot of debate, opinions, and new findings have emerged with conclusions to improve the draft, which also requires further revision and update processes. The time required to develop the framework is longer than anticipated because of

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the consultative approach adopted by IC-DRM to build mutual understanding amongst a host of different actors.

Nevertheless, the project has managed to push mid-level officials of both BNPB and KLHK to provide substantive input and feedback to ensure the structure and content of the framework is feasible and aligned with their needs, whilst sufficiently straightforward so as to provide guidance in implementing DRR-CCA convergence.

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Annexes:

1. Financial Report - https://intranet.undp.org/docs/pdc/Documents/IDN/Financial%20Report%20ICDRM%20-TTF2015.jpg