Instructional Design Overview

“Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”

John Dewey

Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together and motivating them, the teacher is the most important.

Bill Gates

Men have become the tools of their tools.

Henry David Thoreau

Bell ringer – think, pair, share

Pair up – in 2’s or 3’sEXPLORE -- Chat for 1 MINUTEWhat is instructional design and do we need it here?REPORT BACKCome up with 3 descriptive words about instructional design

Goals

• What is instructional design? / How is it done? • How would this look at edX?• What are some relevant guiding theories in

instructional design / education?• Application of theories!

instructional design

educational history

pedagogy

technology

engineering

modern learning theories

universal design for learning

Data analytics

Research informed, data-driven

production constraints

goals

backwards design lesson planning

assessment

Learning visualization

designing for better learning

MULTIPLE LENSESTeaching for Understanding, David Perkins, Howard Gardner 1991Teaching for Understanding with Technology, Stone Wiske 2004

Where are we?

Clayton Christensen, Disruptive Innovation Theory

Instructional Design

relationships emerging technology

contenthuman motivation

engineeringpedagogy

liberal arts SCIENCE

school politics tech constraints

doug pietrzak

Why do we need instructional design?

• Modal shift• Competing interests• Learning from learning• Students at the center• Goals-aligned movement• Quality is the real frontier• Improve communication across partners

quality is the real frontier

• holistic course design• student interactive modes / group learning• improved instructional technique, delivery• flipped classrooms• data-driven instruction• multiple learning paths

Understanding by design framework(first 3 of 7 tenets)

1. Learning is enhanced when teachers think purposefully about curricular planning. The UbD framework helps this process without offering a rigid process or prescriptive recipe.

2. The UbD framework helps focus curriculum and teaching on the development and deepening of student understanding and transfer of learning (i.e., the ability to effectively use content knowledge and skill).

3. Understanding is revealed when students autonomously make sense of and transfer their learning through authentic performance. Six facets of understanding—the capacity to explain, interpret, apply, shift perspective, empathize, and self-assess—can serve as indicators of understanding.

Borrowed from Understanding by Design Framework, ASCD 2013

How it is done?design methodology

IDEO, design methodology, 2013

Stage 1• Begins as a conversation: modal change– Hopes, desires– Trade-offs

• Who is your target audience?• What are the overarching goals of your course?

What are the essential questions you and your students will ask?

• At the end of your course, what will students have achieved

Adapted from Understanding by Design Framework, ASCD 2013

Stage 2

• Design assessment methods for goals• How will this be measured? • Assessment types– Formal and informal– Formative, summative

Adapted from Understanding by Design Framework, ASCD 2013

Stage 3

• Select pedagogical methods that will best suit these goals as well as content type

• Plan activities and design based on these goals• Recognize technologies that can assist these

goals

Kindergarten Thinking, Mitch Resnick, MIT Media Lab

Edx/partners

Engineering

Services

Marketinglegal

University relations

Where does this fit edX?

Complex systems theory

At UPS, the average driver makes about 120 deliveries per day, …To figure out how many different possible routes that driver could travel, just start multiplying: 120 * 119 * 118 * . . . * 3 * 2 * 1. The end result, Levis likes to say, far exceeds the age of the Earth in nanoseconds.

Education and Variability

• Complex systems• This is the case in the universe. • Education itself is a variable term• There is no perfect course, or even perfect

lesson.

• civic engagement• skills development• moral / ethical development• critical thinking• literacy

“Education is a social process. Education is growth. Education is, not a preparation for life; education is life itself.” John Dewey

why educate?

MULTIPLE DIRECTIONS

disruptio

n

exposure

Teaching for Understanding, David Perkins, Howard Gardner 1991Teaching for Understanding with Technology, Stone Wiske 2004

we know about variability first-hand

Applications to edx!

CAST, Universal Design for Learning: Anne Meyer, David H. Rose, and David Gordon 2013

from disability to variability CAST, Universal Design for Learning: Anne Meyer, David H. Rose, and David Gordon 2013

Brain of learner with autism

Affective networks that monitor the internal and external environment to set priorities, to motivate, and to engage learning and behavior.Recognition networks that sense and perceive information in the environment andtransform it into usable knowledge.Strategic networks that plan, organize, and initiate purposeful actions in the environment.

CAST, Universal Design for Learning: Anne Meyer, David H. Rose, and David Gordon 2013

CAST, Universal Design for Learning: Anne Meyer, David H. Rose, and David Gordon 2013

Go right.

• Video extracted to fit online, but available at:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kiePaAHK3jE

How does this apply to education?

• to edx?

open design – multiple pathwaysShigeru Miyamoto

QUESTIONS?