Instructional Design for Distance Education
Jan 28, 2015
Instructional Design for Distance Education
Objectives
• Create dynamic sessions using five design components
• Adapt traditional formats
• Analyze what works, what doesn’t
• Plan a lesson
Teletechniques:The Five Basic Design Components
ParticipationHumanizing
Feedback
Delivery Evaluation
The process of creating an atmosphere which focuses on the importance of the individual and overcomes distance by generating group rapport.
Humanizing
Humanizing
• Gives the “first impression”• Allows everyone to get acquainted• Shows genuine concern for individual• Learners may have different expectations
Why is it important?
Humanizing
• Welcome letter• Feature sites, students• Gather data about learners, sites• Recognize special occasions• SMILE!• Use music or sound effects• Visit sites
Suggested Humanizing Techniques
Participation
The process of getting beyond the technology by providing opportunities for spontaneous interaction between participants.
Participation
• Increases learning• Affects creativity• Influences opinion change• Should happen within first 5 minutes• Can be physical or mental activity• Is vital in distance learning
Why is it important?
Participation
• Directed or planted questions• Reports & assignments• Role-playing & skits• Games & competitions• Self-test to start & end sessions• Pre-class and post class sessions• Debates, pro & con discussions
Suggested Participation Techniques
Presenting what’s to be said in such a way that it will be received, understood and remembered.
Message Delivery
Message Delivery
• We think faster than we listen.• Concentrated listening should be presented in “short
bits.”• Variety helps maintain interest.• Previewing helps engage learners.• Repetition reinforces key points.• Media should guide learners & reinforce verbal
message.
Why is it important?
Message Delivery
• Gain attention (video, personal story, show stopper)
• Advance organizers (syllabus, course outline)
• Verbal cues: (“Now this is important ...”)
• Print & media support
Suggested Delivery Techniques
More Suggestions
• Short segments (10-15 minutes long)
• Vary pacing
• Team teach for variety of voices & styles
• Use instructional videos & multimedia
Feedback
Tells the learner “the degree of correctness” with respect to understanding content.
Feedback
• Reinforces learners
• Provides opportunity to correct misunderstandings or add omissions
• Improves effectiveness
• Gauges learner progress
Why is it important?
Feedback
• Must be timely
• Positive feedback more useful
• Should be specific
• Maintain confidentiality
Conditions for Effective Feedback
Feedback
• Acknowledge learner responses
• Help learners to form correct responses
• Use check points in materials
• Evaluate performance
• Have learners self-evaluate
Suggested Feedback Techniques
Evaluation
Taking the pulse of learners.
Evaluation
• Answers questions like:
– Interesting or boring?
– Comprehensive?
– Omissions?
Why is it important?
Evaluation
• Verbal group feedback• Ask about the value of information• Use group questions• View tapes• Written and electronic evaluation forms• Ask others for their opinions
Suggested Evaluation Techniques
Humanizing Summary:
•Is directly related to satisfaction.•Provides for needed social conventions.•Sets expectations.
Participation Summary:
•Increases learning.•Can be “doing” or “thinking.”•Taps the full capabilities of technology.
Message Delivery Summary:
•Needs to be well-organized.•Should provide variety through pacing, support media, activities.•Should be in short segments.
Feedback & Evaluation Summary:
•Important in communicating, learning and motivating•Should be part of every session•Can be verbal, nonverbal, written, electronic•Comes from ourselves or others