SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Cities http://www.sputnicproject.eu/ Strategies for Public Transport in Cities Funded by the EU WG 3 Market Organisation 29-30 March, Sitges/Barcelona, Spain 2nd Working Group Meeting on Institutional Framework and Cooperation Introduction Martin Ruesch, Rapp Trans AG Zurich, Switzerland
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SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
WG 3 Market Organisation
29-30 March, Sitges/Barcelona, Spain
2nd Working Group Meeting on
Institutional Framework and Cooperation
IntroductionMartin Ruesch, Rapp Trans AG
Zurich, Switzerland
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Contents
• Cluster Partners• Problems / Challenges addressed• Topics addressed in WG Meeting• Objectives / expectations for the meeting• Questions to be discussed• Programme for the WG Meeting• “Communication Rules”
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Profile Rapp Trans AG, Switzerland• Consulting company in traffic
and transport
• Established in 1896
• Private limited company basedin Switzerland
• Subsidiaries in France (Paris), UK (London) and theNetherlands (Amsterdam)
• Around 70 transport and trafficconsultants
• More Information: www.rapp.ch
• Services in public transport– Public transport network and
service planning– Planning of tariff and fare systems– Planning and design of tariff and
transportation associations– Development of revenue distribution
systems– Development of financing models– Tendering projects– Organisation models– Monitoring/Controlling projects– Institutional consulting (regulation,
etc.)
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Profile VTI, Stockholm, Sweden
www.vti.se• VTI, Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, carries outapplied research in the fields of infrastructure, traffic and transport.
• State owned, 170 staff in four towns, turnover 20 M €,• Public Transport and its links to urban planning, retail patterns and regional
development• Several Light Rail projects for instance costs compared to other forms of
guided transport and buses • Competition and Tendering in the Transport Sector• New contract forms in the PT sector
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Profile VVO – Public Transport Authority of Upper Elbe Region
Halle
BautzenGörlitz
Dresden
Leipzig
Plauen
Zwickau
Chemnitz
•established in 1998•4.800 m²•1,2 Mio. inhabitants•194 Mio. passengers per year•16 PT operators
Halle
BautzenGörlitz
Dresden
Leipzig
Plauen
Zwickau
Chemnitz
•established in 1998•4.800 m²•1,2 Mio. inhabitants•194 Mio. passengers per year•16 PT operators
• One of 5 PTA´s in the State of Saxony
• Main tasks of VVO:– Integration of
several Public Transport modes
– Timetable integration
– Integration of tariff and fare system
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Challenges relating to Market Organisation
• Decreasing public ressources for public transport and lack of funds to finance investments and operation
• Low integration between local and regional(and national) transport networks and services, in overall mobility and transport planning
• Missing integrated tariff and fare systems• Low contribution of revenues to cost coverage• Low co-operation between PT companies• Unstable or unclear regulatory setting• Unclear division of responsiblities between actors in PT• Frequent political interference• Low implementation of quality and performance
monitoring• Few incentives for PT operators to cut costs and
increase revenues
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Actors and interrelations looked at
Main Focus
Public TransportAuthorities
PT Company PT Company PT Company
TariffUnion
TransportationAssociation
Public PlanningAuthorities(transport planningand land use)
National Authorizingagency
„Organizing Authority“
Systems suppliersand manufacturers
MobilityService Providers
Other private parties
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Adressed topics within Market Organisation
• Topic 1: Integration and Tariff Systems
• Topic 2: Institutional Framework and Cooperation
• Topic 3: Innovative Financing Models
• Topic 4: Incentive Contracts and Monitoring Systems
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Problems and Challenges adressedProblems• Changes in EU –regulation need for adaptation• Financial and organisational vacuum due to changes in the
responsibility from the state to regional/local authorities • Unstable or unclear regulatory setting• Frequent political interference • Unclear division of tasks, responsibilities and risks between
authorities and PT operators
Challenges• setting-up of sound and stable legal framework conditions• setting up of sound urban/regional organisational model• the implementation of Public Service Contracts that clearly define
the actors rights and obligations, thereby allocating opportunities and risks for operators and authorities in a fair and motivating way
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Scope of the Working Meeting
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
EU institutional framework (new regulation)• Regulation covers road and rail PT with exclusive rights or
compensation• Rules cover
– Provision of PT Services of general economic interest– Conditions for imposing/contracting PSO and compensation– Public Service Contracts– Tendering (transparency, comparability)– Duration of contracts and conditions for extension– Freedom for setting social and quality standards– Self-provision and access to call for tenders– Subcontracting– Risk of disruption of PT services– Overcompensation– Transition– ……………………….
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Institutional Framework and Regulation (Swiss example)
regulated issue national regional local
PT as general public service
responsibilities and competencies
right of initiative
minimum amount of PT provided
contracting and tendering process
compensation mechanisms
rules for financing
coordination and integration
financing of PT supporting measures
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Organisation Models (2)• Important to define the
decision making and the responsibilities on framework, strategicand operational level
• Different organisationalmodels on regional / local level
• Split of responsibilitiesis different
framework level
strategic level
operational level
Authority
organising entity
Operator
supply planningfinancing
tariff policyPR / Marketing
revenue distributionsale / distribution
control centrequality management
transport service
[adapted from: traffiQ, 2006 ]
framework level
strategic level
operational level
Authority
organising entity
Operator
supply planningfinancing
tariff policyPR / Marketing
revenue distributionsale / distribution
control centrequality management
transport service
[adapted from: traffiQ, 2006 ]
framework level
strategic level
operational level
Authority=
Operator,
or owner of the operator
aa
Operator
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ity
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organising entity
Operator
Authority
Operator
b1b1 b3b3b2b2framework
level
strategic level
operational level
Authority=
Operator,
or owner of the operator
aa
Operator
cc
regu
lato
ryau
thor
ity
Authority
Operator
Authority
organising entity
Operator
Authority
Operator
b1b1 b3b3b2b2
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Objectives for the meeting
• To identify and validate main problems, trends and challenges in CEEC related to institutional framework and cooperation
• To exchange information, experiences and know how and information on institutional framework and cooperation between CEEC and other European cities/urban areas
• To present and discuss good practices examplesfrom operators and authorities from CEEC and other European Countries
• To derive conclusions on challenges and need for action
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Important questions to be discussed
• How to react on changes of the EU regulation with the (national), regional and local institutional set up?
• Which laws and regulations make sense on urban/regional level under what conditions?
• Which are the roles, tasks and responsibilities of authority/PTA and PT operator?
• Which organisational model is suitable for urban/regional transport? How to design an organising authority?
• How to organise the market to be ready for competition? (concessions, tendering etc.)
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Programme: Day 1 14:30 – 14:50 Working Group Session Introduction
Rapp Trans
14:50 – 15:30 Working Group Session Part 1: Verification/Validation of current situation, problems and challenges relating to institutional framework and cooperation
Rapp Trans
Results from the Inquiry
Current situation, problems and key challenges in CEEC and other countries related to institutional framework and cooperation (statements by the experts and discussion)
Validation of current situation, problems, trends and key challenges in CEEC Countries
15:30 – 18:00 Working Group Session Part 2: Institutional framework and regulation on EU level
VTI
Short introduction by VTI
Presentation on EU regulation from the Commissions view by Peter Faross, EU Commission, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
Presentation on EU regulation from the operators view by Steffen Tippach, CEEP General Secretariat
Presentation of special examples from Sweden
Results from the Inquiry
Structured group discussion on EU regulation and impacts on national, regional/local institutional framework addressing the key questions and conclusions
Moderation: Martin Ruesch
Moderation: Bertil Hylén
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Programme: Day 2 (morning)9:30 – 11:00 Working Group Session Part 3: Institutional framework
and regulation on national/regional/local level
Rapp Trans
Introduction by Rapp Trans including overview on national, regional/local regulation
Results from the Inquiry
Presentation on institutional framework and regulation on national/regional/local level by Michel Quidort, Veolia France
Further examples and statements by experts on national/regional/local regulation
Structured group discussion addressing the key questions and conclusions
11:00 – 11:15 Coffee break
11:15 – 12:30 Working Group Session Part 4: Organisation models for regional / local public transport and co-operation between authorities and PT operators (Part A)
VVO
Introduction by VVO Organisation models for regional / local public transport and co-operation between authorities and PT operators (including examples from Germany and experiences from transportation association Oberelbe)
Results from the Inquiry
Discussion of results
12:30 – 13:30 Lunch
Moderation: Dieter Egger
Moderation: Lutz Auerbach
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Programme: Day 2 (afternoon) continuing 13:30 – 15:45
Working Group Session Part 4: Organisation models for regional / local public transport and co-operation between authorities and PT operators (Part B)
VVO Presentation on the organisation model for regional / local
public transport and co-operation between authorities and PT operators in Brno by Kvetoslav Havlik, KORDIS, Brno, CZ
Presentation on Sweden – some examples of contracts and co-operation by Bertil Hylen, vti, Sweden
Further examples and statements by experts on organisation models and cooperation
Questions to speakers and structured group discussion on good practice/experiences addressing the key questions and conclusions
15:45 – 16:00 Outlook on further activities in WG 3
Rapp Trans
16:00 – 16:30 Coffee Break
16:30 – 17:30 Closing session (Plenary)
UITP
20:00 Dinner
Moderation: Lutz Auerbach
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
„Communication Rules“
• Discussions are the main part of the working meeting
• Presentations feed the discussions
• Try to keep the focus on the topic institutional frameworkand cooperation (already broad enough)
• Statements and inputs from your experiences are verywelcome
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Working Group Session Part 1: Verification/Validation of current situation, problems and challenges relating
to institutional framework and cooperation (14:50 -15:30)
• Results from the Inquiry (Input)• Discussion of results• Validation of problems/challenges • Importance of problems/challenges
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Most pressing problems relating to current legal framework (results from inquiry) (1)
Main problems with current legislation (mentioned more than once):
• missing rules for integration of PT (local, regional, national): • coordinator/integrator lacks legal power• local and regional authorities are forced into competitive positions• different modes (bus, tram, trolley, metro, rail) are regulated by different
laws which hinders integration especially in large cities
• unclear responsibilities of actors (planning, financing)• missing rules for financing infrastructure and for state subsidies
• unclear procedures for awarding contracts and setting the transport schemes
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Most pressing problems relating to currentlegal framework (results from inquiry) (2)
Further problems with current legislation (mentioned once):
• no national technical standards for payment by card technologies• lack of effective enforcement of legal obligations• law is not detailed/precise enough• missing power of ticket inspectors against irregular passengers
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Most pressing problems relating to cooperation between authorities and PT
operators (results from inquiry) (2)Problems related to cooperation :• Missing compensation rules
– High Quality and Service requirements without willingness to pay– Decision and coordination on tariffs and subsidies
• Lack of power of PTA’s• No organisational integration of local/regional transport• Interest Conflicts
– Contractual relationship to own public company is not always in line with PT interests
– Direct award to inhous operator• Not clear rules for cooperation missing organisation/agreement?• Not enough lobbying for public transport by authorities weak policy
or weak enforcement of policy?
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Most pressing problems relating to cooperation between authorities and PT
operators (results from inquiry) (2)Further problems related to cooperation:• Insufficient investments:
– Providing investments for improving infrastructure / Infrastructure development financing rules?
– Unsufficient renewal of rolling stock rules for depreciation rates or financing?
models?– Service quality possibility for monitoring, incentive contracts?– Low efficiency of public operators– Lack of incentives in PSC
• Powerful position of trade unions in authorities daughter companies• Incompetence of smaller PT operators
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Questions for the discussion
• Which are the most pressing problems/challengesrelating to institutional framework and cooperation?
• Are the results of the questionnaire complete and valid?
• What is the importance of theses problems / challenges?
SPUTNIC – Strategies for Public Transport in Citieshttp://www.sputnicproject.eu/
Strategies for Public Transport in Cities
Funded by the EU
Working Group Session Part 2
15:30 – 18:00 Working Group Session Part 2: Institutional framework and regulation on EU level
VTI
Short introduction by VTI
Presentation on EU regulation from the Commissions view by Peter Faross, EU Commission, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
Presentation on EU regulation from the operators view by Steffen Tippach, CEEP General Secretaria
Presentation of special examples from Sweden
Results from the Inquiry
Structured group discussion on EU regulation and impacts on national, regional/local institutional framework addressing the key questions and conclusions