Page 1
Institution : Biologie & Ecologie Tropicale & Méditerranéenne de
Perpignan (UMR 5244), France
Premier cas documenté de transmission parasitaire dans le sud
de la France entre des espèces de tortues de Floride introduites
et les tortues d’eau douce indigènes (Emys orbicularis) et
Mauremys leprosa)
Olivier Verneau et Louis Du Preez
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N2 N2 N2
N2
N1
N1
N1
AREA 1 AREA 2
E1
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Rana catesbeiana Myocastor coypus
Instances of invasive species in France
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Repartition of Emys orbicularis in Europe
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Repartition of Emys orbicularis in Languedoc-Roussillon
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Repartition of Emys orbicularis in Languedoc-Roussillon
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Repartition of Mauremys leprosa in Europe
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Repartition of Mauremys leprosa in Languedoc-Roussillon
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•! Life Cycle of the Polystomatidae
Final host
Eggs
Larvae
Adults Bladder
Pharynx Palpebral
cavity
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Polystomoides Polystomoidella Neopolystoma
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Neopolystoma orbiculare (Stunkard, 1916) Price, 1939
Host = Trachemys scripta
Distribution = USA
Site = Bladder
Polystomoides megacotyle (Stunkard, 1916) Ozaki, 1935
Host = Trachemys scripta
Distribution = USA
Site = Pharynx
Neopolystoma euzeti Combes & Ktari, 1976
Host = Mauremys leprosa
Distribution = Tunisia
Site = Bladder
Polystomoides tunisiensis Gonzales & Mishra, 1977
Host = Mauremys leprosa
Distribution = Tunisia
Site = Pharynx
Polystomoides ocellatum (Rudolphi, 1819) Ozaki, 1935
Host = Emys orbicularis
Distribution = Europe occidentale and Morocco
Site = Pharynx
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CANET
LEUCATE
BANYULS
St HIPPOLYTE
THUIR
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CANET
LEUCATE
BANYULS
St HIPPOLYTE
THUIR
SOREDE
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2. Noter le numéro de la tortue sur le bac
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3. Isoler les tortues individuellement dans un peu d’eau. Les laisser au moins
une nuit.
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4. Utiliser deux tamis, un de 500 microns (au dessus) et un second de 100
microns (au dessous). Verser l’eau du bac sur le tamis supérieur.
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5. Rincer le tamis de 100 microns sur une boite de Petri
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6. Verser le contenu de la boite de Petri dans un tube propre. Numéroter
le tube et l’envoyer à Olivier Verneau, UPVD
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7. Répéter l’opération à partir de l’étape 3. au moins une fois si possible.
Verser le contenu de la boite de Petri dans le même tube.
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8. Au labo, recherche des œufs du parasite sous une loupe binoculaire
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‘Pear’ shaped egg
Bladder parasite
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‘Diamond’ shaped egg
Palpebral parasite
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•! Methodology - COI Sequencing
- Alignement
- NJ tree
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•! Results - Polystome eggs (Emys and Mauremys)
- NJ tree (351 characters)
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
Bladder
Palpebral cavity
Pharyngeal cavity
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
1.15 % Pharyngeal
cavity
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
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< 2% > 2%
One species Three species
Amphibian polystome species delineation
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
New species
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
0.28 %
0.83 %
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
~7.0 % A
B
C
Bladder
0.28 %
0.83 %
Neopolystoma euzeti
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
0.7 %
Pharyngeal cavity
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0.1
Polystomoides malayi
Polystomoides siebenrockiellae
Polystomoides coronatum
Polystomoides spEoL1
Polystomoides spEoL2
Polystomoides spEoL3
Polystomoides spEoL4
Polystomoides spEoL5
Polystomoidella sp
Polystomoides spEoS5
Polystomoides spEoS4
Neopolystoma spTs
Polystomoides spMlS3
Polystomoides spEoS1
Polystomoides spEoS2
Polystomoides spMlS1
Neopolystoma orbiculare1
Neopolystoma orbiculare2
Polystomoides spPn
Polystomoides spMlS2
Polystomoides oris1
Polystomoides oris2
Polystomoides spTs1
Polystomoides spTs2
Polystomoides megacotyle
Polystomoides spEoS3
Neopolystoma euzeti
Polystomoides asiaticus
Polystomoides tunisiensis3
Polystomoides tunisiensis1
Polystomoides tunisiensis2
Neopolystoma spratti
Neopolystoma fentoni
Neopolystoma spEoS1
Neopolystoma spCs
Neopolystoma spEoL6
Neopolystoma spGg
Neopolystoma spMlB1
Neopolystoma palpebrae
Neopolystoma liewi
Polystomoides bourgati
0 %
Palpebral cavity
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Conclusions
•! En milieu confiné (Vallée des tortues)
Vessie Vessie
Chrysemys
Emys et Mauremys Trachemys
Emys
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Conclusions
•! En milieu confiné (Vallée des tortues)
Pharynx Pharynx
Chrysemys Mauremys
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Conclusions
•! En milieu naturel (Leucate)
- présence d’au moins une espèce
parasite indigène sur Emys (nouvelle
espèce de la vessie). 70% au moins des
tortues infestées
Cavités palpébrales Cavités palpébrales
Graptemys Emys
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Conclusions
•! En milieu naturel (Banyuls, St Hippolyte)
- absence des espèces parasites
indigènes sur Mauremys
- présence d’au moins une espèce
parasite allochtone
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Conclusions
•! En milieu naturel (Banyuls, St Hippolyte)
Cavités palpébrales Cavités palpébrales
Graptemys Mauremys
Emys (Leucate)
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Conclusions générales
•! Risque sanitaire ?
•! Surveillance parasitologique
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•! * Sampling effort per year (5, 6, 4 nights and 12 traps in 2006, 07 and 08 respectively
•! & Using test of Schnabel
Page 63
CANET
BANYULS
St HIPPOLYTE
THUIR
Le BOULOU