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26
Figures continued
Key to Immature Aquatic Insects or Invertebrates
Things you should know before using this key.
(nymph)
(nymph)
Figure 2. Key to Immature Aquatic Insects. Klamath River Education Program ©1992.
27
A KE
Y TO
IMM
ATUR
E AQ
UATIC
INVE
RTEB
RATE
S - P
age
1
A
Go
to 1
B, b
elow
B
Go
to 1
C,
belo
w
C
Figure 2., Continued / Klamath River Educational Program ©1992
28
A KE
Y TO
IMMA
TURE
AQU
ATIC
INVE
RTEB
RATE
S - P
age
2
A
Go
to 2
B, b
elow
G
o to
2B
, bel
ow
B
OR
YE
S Y
ES
C
Klamath River Educational Program ©1992
29
30
31
AOUATIC INVERTEBRATES THAT ARE GENERALLY TOLERANT OF WATER POLLUTION (found commonly in pool or depositional areas
Dragonflies (Odonata)
of streams or rivers)
Aquatic Sow Bugs (Isopoda)
Damselflies (Odonata)
Craneflies (Tipulidae)
Blackflies (Simuliidae)
Midges (Chironomidae)
R.W. Plotnikoff
Sideswimmers (Amphipoda)
Leeches (Hirudinea) Flatworms
(Turbellaria)
Aquatic Beetles (Coleoptera)
Washington State Department of Ecology Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services
Olympia, WA 98504
Bivalves (Pelecypoda)
Figure 4. Aquatic Invertebrates Tolerant
to Water Pollution. Klamath River Educational Program @1992
Snails (Gastropoda)
32
AOUATIC INVERTEBRATES THAT ARE GENERALLY SENSITIVE TO WATER POLLUTION (found commonly in moderate to fast running areas of streams or rivers)
Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)
Stoneflies (Plecoptera)
R.W. Plotnikoff
Caddisflies (Trichoptera)
Washington State Department of Ecology Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services
Olympia, WA 98504 . Figure 5. Aquatic Invertebrates Sensitive to Water Pollution.
Klamath River Educational Program @1992
Salmonflies (Megaloptera)
33
MAYFLY EXTERNAL ANATOMY
FEMUR
Figure 6. Mayfly External Anatomy / Klamath River Educational Program @1992
34
MAYFLY EXTERNAL ANATOMY
Figure 6A. Mayfly External Anatomy / Klamath River Educational Program @1992
35
FOOD PROCESSING IN STREAMS
---+ Direction of energy
flow or "eaten by"
Contributes to FPOM
( )Food source
Feeding group
Coarse Particulate Organic Matter
(CPOM) leaves. needles. cones.
and twigs
Fine Particulate Organic Matter
(FPOM) fecal pellets. plant
fragments
I other microbes I 1 other microbes
L--------1 I L---------
Shredders I Examples: L Organic case caddis Cranetoes Dull color stoneflles
Moat often found: Leaf packs Water-logged wood Headwater streams
Collectors
Examples: Net-spinning caddis Midge larvae Blackfly larvae Mayflies
Most often found: · On rocks andin mud
Lower stream reaches
Scrapers
Examples: Mineralcase caddis Snails Mayflies
Moat often found: Rocks Open-canopied areas Mid-stream reaches
Examples:Mottled stoneflies,beetle larvae,dragonfly larvae,free-IMng caddis,fish Most often found:Throughout stream
Figure 7. Food Processing In Streams Adapted from:Ken Cummins,"From Headwater Streams to Rivers," American Biology Teacher,May 1977, p. 307
36
ROSG
EN S
TREA
M
CH
AN
NEL
TY
PES
C &
D
ROSG
EN S
TREA
M
CH
AN
NEL
TYP
ES B
& C
RO
SGEN
STR
EAM
C
HA
NN
EL T
YPES
A &
B
THE RIVER CONTINUUM
CPOM = Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Figure 8. The River Continuum Adapted with
permission . . .
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