Innovation Network to Improve Soybean Production under the ...web.tuat.ac.jp/~plantnut/images/170208_INNISOY-kickoff_The Hague.pdf · Dr. Reşat Sümer Soil and Plant Nutrition Department

Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)

Innovation Network to Improve Soybean Production under the Global Change

1

Project leader for Japan:Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu, Associate professorTokyo University or Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Japan

Project leader for Europe:Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura, ProfessorLeibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Germany

Speaker at the Kick-off Workshop: Dr. Ralf Bloch Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), GermanyVisiting Professor, University for Sustainable Development Eberswalde, Germany

University of Applied Sciences

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Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) 2

Challenge for Soybean cultivation under the Global Change

e.g. Climate Change

Increased Environmental Stress

Abiotic factors (Nutrients, Water, heat etc.)

Biotic factors (pest, disease etc.)

• Temperature rises

• Increasing periods of drought

• Extreme weather events

• Heavy precipitation in summer

• Higher precipitation in winter months (Reyer et al., 2012).

Source: Rosner 2016


Resilience of Farming Systems

Resilience describes a system’s ability to retain its function and to reorganise itself despite disturbance induced alterations. (Darnhofer 2005)

The resilience of farming systems is considered to be high when internal risks are distributed among increased diversity and flexibility in cultivation as well as an adaptive management(Bloch et al. 2016)

Urruty et al. 2016.

What can be done to promote resilience on farms?

• Selection of crop species

• Soil organic matter management

• Increased plant diversity


Potential of legumes

The use of legumes affects the performance of cropping systemsand their resilience (Reckling et al 2016)

(i) nitrogen supply via symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF),reducing the demand for external nitrogen fertilizers,

(ii) positive pre-crop benefitsthrough a combination of residual nitrogen andbreak-crop effects (Angus et al., 2015; Preissel et al., 2015),

(iii) reduced fossil energy consumption in crop production(Jensen et al., 2011),

(iv) and increased crop diversification andbiodiversity (Köpke &Nemecek, 2010)

Source: Reckling 2016


Symbiotic N2 Fixation (SNF) of soybean

60% to 80% of nitrogen in soybean seeds is derived from SNF.

Environmental stress influence

Survival of bacteria in soil

Inoculation success (Nodulation)

Activity of N2 fixation (source)

Availability of soil nutrients (N)

Growth of plant (sink)

Nutrient (N) uptake by plants

Soybean YieldNeil A. C, et al. 2008.


S

S

S

SS

S S

Both of Nitrogenase complex and Ferredoxin (Fd) contain Fe-S clusters in their active centers.

Importance of Sulfur for N2 fixation

Biochemistry& Molecular Biology of Plants,

Buchanan et al., eds.

The structure of Fe-S clusters in MoFe protein.


In model legume Lotus japonicus,the nodule specific sulphate transporter (SST1) was shown to be required for proper nodule formation and N2 fixation (Krusellet al., 2005) .

In pea (Pisium sativum L.) the effects of S deficiency on growth were shown to be caused by the shortage of N, due to decreased N2 fixation. (Zhao et al., 1999).

Importance of Sulphur for N2 fixation

Krusell et al., 2005


APS

SO3-

S2-

Cys

O-acetylserine

(OAS)

Ser

SO42-

NH4

Gln

Glutathione (antioxidant),

Proteins, etc.,

In plants, S and N assimilation were interacted.

For proper S assimilation, proper N assimilation is required and vice versa (Kopriva and Rennenberg 2004) .

OAS is the signal molecule to regulate S assimilation in response to S/N ratio in plants (Ohkama-Ohtsu et al. 2004).

Glutathione is a storage form of organic S and N in plants (Ohkama-Ohtsu et al. 2008) .

For enhancing efficiency of S utilization, N assimilation should be activated.


This method may enhance efficiency of S utilization through activation of N assimilation.

Fertilization of N to soybean

The nodulation and N2 fixation of soybean are recognized to be inhibited by exogenously applied nitrogen especially nitrate (Gibson and Harper 1985).

Deep placement (20 cm depth) of slow release N fertilizers were developed as a method to promote seed yield of soybean without depression of nitrogen fixation (Ohyamaet al., 2010; Kaushal et al., 2002).

(Kaushal et al., 2002).


The aim of this study is to reveal the potential of soybean growth according to various environmental and soil conditions

to reveal the most sensitive growth stage for water and sulphur stress,

to analyse the effect of water and sulphur deficiency on SNF and

to develop innovative irrigation and sulphur fertilization methods.

Objective of this study


Research Network

University of Applied Sciences

Plant NutritionMicrobiology

Modelling

Crop Science

CroppingSystem

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Research scheme

Work Package 1

Soybean growth and yield

(coordination

S. Bellingrath-Kimura)

Work Package 2

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation

(coordination

N. Ohkama-Ohtsu)

HTWD

ADU

Field Trial Pot Trial

HTWD

ADU

ZALF TUAT

Work Package 3

Analysis of the interaction of soil and crop

(coordination

J. Bachinger)

ModellingZALF

CNRS/INRA

har

mo

niz

atio

n

com

ple

men

tati

onframe

feedback

data data

feed

bac

k

feed

bac

k

exchange


Strengthen the Network through co-supervision

Step 1Exchange of Researcher

Step 2Co-supervision of

Ms and PhD

Step 3Workshop


Time schedule

2017 2018 2019 2020

2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1

Work Package 1

Soybean

growth and

yield

Work Package 2

Symbiotic

nitrogen

fixation

Work Package 3

Development

of methods

Step

1

Step

1

Step

2

Step

1

Step

2

Step

2

Step

3Step

3

Step

3

Step

2

Step

2

Step

2

Step

2

Continued on mutual visiting and web-meetings

Step

2

Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)15

www.zalf.de

Team at Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Germany

Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-KimuraProf. Dr. agr.

Johann BachingerDr. agr.

Claas NendelDr. rer. nat.

Ralf BlochDr. agr.

Moritz RecklingMSc. agr.

Climate change adaptation and mitigation,vulnerability analysis

Agro ecosystem modelling with focus on yield, water and matter dynamics

Soybean research: irrigation, nitrogen fixation, yield, simulation, double cropping systems

Design and evaluation of organic and legume-supported cropping systems

Assessment and design of resource efficient cropping systems


Research Teams (HTWD)

INNISOY Team of

Dr Guido Lux

Agronomy

M.Sc. Anne Griebsch

Phd student

Dr-Ing. Sylwia Lewandowska

Guest scientist of WUELS*

Seed and product quality

Dipl.-Ing. Frank Pötzsch

Phd student

Prof. Dr Knut Schmidtke

Organic farming

*WUELS: Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences


Research Tasks

Field Experiment 1(ZALF)

Field Experiment 2 (ZALF)

Field Experiment 3 (HTWD)

Field Experiment 4(HTWD)

Pot Experiment 1(HTWD)

Pot Experiment 2(HTWD)


Research Teams (TUAT&AU(NU))

Prof. Takuji OhyamaNiigata Univ (~March 2017)Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture (Apr. 2017 ~)The pioneer of deep placement of

nitrogen fertilizers which promotesnitrogen fixation and seed yield ofsoybean

Assoc. prof. Naoko Ohkma-OhtsuTeam leader in JapanTokyo Univ. of Agriculture & TechnologyThe specialist of plant sulfur metabolism

Assoc. prof. Soh SugiharaTokyo Univ. of Agriculture & TechnologyThe specialist of nutrient movements in soils

Prof. Tadashi YokoyamaTokyo Univ. of Agriculture & TechnologyThe specialist of soil microorganisms and

bio-fertilizers


Research Tasks・Effects of sulfur fertilization amounts and timing, and water contents

on soybean growth and yield, nodule formation, development and

nitrogen fixation activity.

・Effects of deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers on nitrogen fixation

and soybean yield under S-deficient or water-stressed conditions.

・Effects of soil sulfur nutrient status on soybean roots for releasing

capacity of fixed phosphorus from the rhizosphere soil by root exudates.

・Differences of responses to sulfur fertilization or water condition

between soybean species from Europe and Japan in terms of

soybean growth and yield, nodule formation, development and

nitrogen fixation.

The obtained data will be used for modelling

by teams in France and Germany.


Prof. Dr. Osman ErekulCrop ScienceDepartment

Prof. Dr. Fuat SezginBiosystem Engineering

Department

Dr. Reşat SümerSoil and Plant Nutrition

Department

Res. Assist. (Ph.D. Student ) Ali YiğitCrop ScienceDepartment

ADU TEAMResearch Teams (ADU)


ADU PROJECT DETAILS

Main Objectives

1) Influence of deficit irrigation on soybean yield and grain quality underMediterrenean conditions.

2) Determination of sulphur fertilization on crop and soil properties.3) Expansion of soybean areas in the region and Turkey, possibilities for

addition in the crop rotation.

Material and Methods

1) 4 irrigation applications (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%)2) 2 sulphur doses (0, 50 kg/ha)3) 3 Turkish soybean varieties (+1 variety can be added from abroad)4) 2 years field and pot experiments (2017 and 2018 soybean growing

period)


The LIPM and AGIR labs (Toulouse, France)

LIPM: Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interactions (CNRS-INRA)AGIR: AGroecoloy, Innovations, teRritories (INRA)

VASCO team: Varieties and cropping Systems for an agrO-ecological production• 29 permanent staff of 5 research institutes + 16 PhD students, post-docs and associates• Group leaders : Eric Justes & Jean-Pierre Sarthou

A pluridisciplinary team for agroecology:Systems agronomy, epidemiology & phytopathology, entomology, ecophysiology, sol science, functional ecology and modeling

Involved in a number of national/international projectse.g. coordination of:ENDURE network, ERA-NET « Climate-CAFE », H2020 ReMIXLinks with AgMIP et MACSUR intl. programs

www6.toulouse.inra.fr/lipm & www6.toulouse.inra.fr/agir

Main LIPM & VASCO membersinvolved in INNISOY

Dr. EP. JOURNET(CNRS)

Dr. Ph. DEBAEKE(INRA)

Dr. E. JUSTES(INRA)

http://www.toulouse.inra.fr/lipmhttp://www6.toulouse.inra.fr/agir


LIPM & AGIR research expertise for INNISOY

LIPM and AGIR expected contribution: • 1) Analyze critical soybean growth stages for water nutrition ; water stress impacts• 2) Calibrate and validate the soil-crop model STICS for various soybean varieties based on data provided by all partners. Improve

nitrogen flows in the STICS model for soybean (effect of nitrate-N and water stress on the soybean BNF activity)• 3) Provide feedback from model results to partners.

Dr. Etienne-Pascal Journet Coordinate the French team and validate the soil-crop model STICS for soybean. Expertise on : • legume-rhizobium symbiosis• functional analysis of cereal-grain legume intercrops (incl. varietal aspects)

Dr. Eric JustesConduct modelling and supervise exchange PhD candidates and researchers who will calibrate and validate the soil-crop model

STICS for soybeanExpertise on : • Soil and plant interactions according to water, C and N cycles; • Functional analysis and modelling of intercropping: cereal-grain legume intercrops and mixtures of cover crops; • Design and assessment of agroecological and low input cropping systems and innovative management options

Dr Philippe Debaeke Analyse the effect of early sowing and intra-specific diversity on water economy and use crop modelling for designing escape

strategies (PhD Cecile Schoving 2017-2019)Expertise on • Plant and crop response to drought• Crop modelling • Ideotype design• Field phenotyping methods

Innovation Network to Improve Soybean Production under the ...web.tuat.ac.jp/~plantnut/images/170208_INNISOY-kickoff_The Hague.pdf · Dr. Reşat Sümer Soil and Plant Nutrition Department

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