Injury prevention and sports rehab in the weightlifting sport Dr Massimiliano Febbi Phd (c),Pt,Bsc Kin, DO,CSCS*D,CPT*D Professor Faculty Exercise Science University of Tor Vergata Rome Educational Director NSCA Italy Italian Weightlifting Team Head Physiotherapist EWF Scientific Seminar Lignano February 09,2013
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Injury prevention and sports rehab in the weightlifting sport
Dr Massimiliano Febbi Phd (c),Pt,Bsc Kin, DO,CSCS*D,CPT*D
Professor Faculty Exercise Science University of Tor Vergata Rome
Educational Director NSCA Italy
Italian Weightlifting Team Head Physiotherapist
EWF Scientific Seminar
Lignano February 09,2013
INJURies Rehabilitation
INJURIES PREVENTION
InjuryINJU
INJURIES REHABILITATION
we lost our time
Prevention
• Injuries are prevented by:
• Identifying risk factors
• Addressing risks with preventive measures
Posture
Muscle Imbalance
Muscle
Imbalance
Altered Reciprocol
inhibition
(Altered length-tension )
Synergistic
Dominance
(Altered force-
couple)
Arthrokinetic
Dysfunction
(Altered Joint function)
Dysfunction
• Altered reciprocal inhibition- a tight muscle causes decreased neural drive to its functional antagonist
• Synergistis dominance- compensation of synergistic muscles in order to maintain force production
• Myofascial dysfunction (trigger points)
• Arthrokinematic dysfunction- joint dysfunction affecting the surrounding muscles
• Faulty movement patterns
Dysfunction Leads to
• Altered neuromuscular control
• Tissue fatigue
• Injury and impaired performance
Causes of Muscle Imbalances
• Postural stress
• Pattern overload
• Repetitive movement
• Lack of core stability
• Lack of neuromuscular efficiency
Muscle Imbalance
• The relationship between the tone or strength and
length of the muscles around a joint
• Stronger will shorten and the opposite will lengthen
• Weakness causes faulty alignment or an imbalance
• Bilateral and unilateral
• Common example is low back pain can be contributed to a
weak abdomen
PATTERNS OF DYSFUNCTION
When a chain reaction evolves in which some
muscles shorten and others weaken, in predictable
patterns of imbalance (Janda)
1. Upper crossed syndrome
2. Lower crossed syndrome
Cumulative Injury Cycle
Muscle Imbalance
Altered Neuromuscular Control
Muscle Spasm - Adhesions/Trigger points
Tissue Trauma
Inflammation
Screening
• To recognize candidates for possible injury
• Manual Muscle Testing
• A muscle is isolated and tested for strength
• Muscle length
• Stretched to endpoint
Strengthening
• The agonist needs to be lengthened
• The antagonist needs to be trained to work again or strengthened
• Statically then dynamically
• Static requires both the agonist of that movement to be strengthened and the antagonist of that movement to be stretched lengthening the muscle
• Dynamic exercises can be done in a variety of ways to contribute to the benefits needed
Prevention
• Education
• Proper posture
• Proper and equal weight lifting
• Hamstring vs. quadriceps muscles
• Stretching
Weaknesses Usually Found
• Hip Stabilizers (gluteus medius, adductors, quadratus