Infrastructure Design Standards for Sustainable ......Infrastructure Design Standards for Sustainable Residential Development Civil and Environmental Engineering Scott A. Brown, P.E.

Infrastructure Design Standards for Sustainable Residential Development

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Scott A. Brown, P.E.The Pennsylvania Housing Research Center

PennSCAPES, 2003

Project Goal

Create a set of model codes that can be used to efficiently update local ordinances to affect sustainable development and decentralized

stormwater management;

And

Have model codes adopted voluntarily.

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles and diverse community visions.

Traditional Suburban Subdivisions

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles across the state

Suburban Cluster Subdivisions

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles across the state

Traditional Mixed Use Subdivisions (PUD)

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles across the state

Suburban Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND)

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles across the state

Conventional Rural Subdivisions

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust fit a variety of residential development styles across the state

Rural Cluster Subdivisions

PennSCAPES, 2003

Voluntary AdoptionMust have concurrence from appropriate state regulatory agencies and other stakeholders

Oversight Committee:

• DEP• PennDOT• DCED• Municipal Officials • Engineering Community• Planning and Landscape

Architecture Community• Surveying Community

PennSCAPES, 2003

• Builders / Developers• Site Contractors• Environmental Groups

Approach

1. Research existing standards (streets, stormwater management, water, sewer);

2. Develop standards and commentary;3. Create an oversight committee of industry

stakeholders and facilitate oversight committee meetings;

4. Provide public awareness and training.

Project Cost and Funding

• Estimated project cost $608,000• Initial Seed Funding From PBA ($5,000)• PHFA Grant ($150,000)• Water Environment Research Foundation / EPA

($150,000) • PHRC Operating Funds ($132,000)• Other yet to be determined ($171,000)

Recommended Infrastructure Standards

• Site Design Considerations

• Residential Streets and Parking

• Non-vehicular Circulation

• Stormwater Management

• Sanitary Sewer Systems

• Potable Water Systems

• Other Utilities (Power, Gas, Telephone, Cable)

• Site and Lot Grading

Project Status / Schedule

• Site Design Considerations (0 %)• Residential Streets and Parking (85%)• Non-vehicular Circulation (40%)• Stormwater Management (10 %)• Sanitary Sewer Systems (0 %)• Potable Water Systems (0 %)• Other Utilities (Power, Gas, Phone, Cable) (0 %)• Site and Lot Grading (0 %)

Anticipated Completion - January 2007

Ordinance Commentary Format

Approach:

1. Review of existing PA ordinances and standards2. Review other existing and suggested standards

• PennDOT• AASHTO• Residential Streets (NAHB, ITE, ASCE, ULI)• Performance Streets (Bucks County)• PennSCAPES• Other

3. Compile Guideline Standards4. Pier review

Residential Streets and Parking

First Step….review of existing ordinances and standards

• Classification schemes• Width• Longitudinal Grade• Parking Configuration• Curbs vs. No Curbs• Pavement Structure• Sidewalk Standards• Cul-de-sac Characteristics

Residential Streets and Parking

Location of Sampled Subdivision and Land Development Ordinances

Municipal Road Classification Schemes

Rural

Residential

Inter-community

Alley

Private

Local Primary

Local Secondary

Minor Collector

Local

Collector

Marginal Access

Single Access

Local Access

Feeder

Collector

Service / Marginal Access

Residential Access

Rural Residential Access

Industrial Access

Minor Collectors

Major Collectors

Minor Arterials

Access

Sub-collector

Collector

Alley

Local

Collector

Loop

Cul-de-sac

Residential – Primary

Residential – Secondary

Marginal Access

Collector

Local Access Streets

Residential

Rural Residential

Industrial Streets

Collectors

Minor

Major

Residential Service

Rural Service

Neighborhood Feeder

Inter-community

Alley

Minor

Collector

Cul-de-sac

Local

Collector

Limited Access

Local Access

Minor

Collector

Connector

Marginal Access

Alley

Collector

Minor

Connector

Collector

Sub-collector

Minor/Loop

Cul-de-sac

Marginal Access

Private Lane

Residential Street Classification:

Objectives1. Must be based on function within a community

environment; not just vehicular mobility;2. Must integrate with the PennDOT road

classification system;3. Should be consistent across township lines.4. Must be applicable to both rural and urban

settings;5. To be well received, it must consider all local

road functions (commercial, mixed use, and residential).

Residential Street Classification:

Residential Access Streets (A & B)Residential CollectorsResidential Mixed Use CollectorsSpecial Streets

AlleysDivided StreetsStub Streets

Non-Residential StreetsMunicipal CollectorsCommercial / Industrial Streets

Existing Streets

Residential Streets – Table of Contents:

Residential Streets – Table of Contents (Cont.):

For more information:

www.engr.psu.edu/phrc

Click on the “Land Development” Button

“Then the Consortium Button”

The Pennsylvania Housing Research Center219 Sackett Building Scott A. BrownUniversity Park, PA 16802 [email protected]/PHRC (814) 349-8669