INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

MADE BY :-MUSKAN SHARMA

IX-B02

1

CONTENTS ……….. • WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ? • BASICS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• INFORMATION PROCESSING TOOLS

• IT APPLICATIONS

• SOCIETAL IMPACTS OF IT

2

WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?

• Information technology is the study of engineering computer applications to support the operation of an organization : operating , installing and maintaining software and data.

3

BASICS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COMPUTER COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY CONTENT TECHNOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

SYSTEM MEMORY UNITS OF MEMORY STORAGE DEVICES TYPES OF SOFTWARECOMPUTER NETWORKING

4

COMPUTERA computer is a programmable electronic

device. It takes data through input devices. It processes the data according to a sequence of instructions provided in the form of a program. The result is called the output and given through some output device.

5

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY• Communication technology is the

study of technology applications used in telecommunications.

6

CONTENT TECHNOLOGY• New content technologies are

re-energizing traditional publishing processes across the entire content lifecycle, bringing real gains in speed, accuracy, flexibility, and scalability. Organizations can now profitably manage diverse portfolios of content through new digital and mobile channels with re-engineered, optimized content workflows.

7

CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER SPEED

STORAGE CAPACITY

ACCURACY

VERSATILITY

DILIGENCE

AUTOMATION

SECURITY

8

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

INPUT UNIT

PROCESS (CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT)

OUTPUT UNIT

AUXILLARY STORAGE/ SECONDARY STORAGE UNIT

9

MEMORY

MAIN MEMORY

• RAM is volatile.• It is temporary

memory.• It has limited storage

capacity.• It is very expensive.• It is not portable.

SECONDARY MEMORY

• It is non volatile.• It is permanent

memory.• It has large storage

capacity.• It is cheaper .• It is portable.

10

Computer uses several different types of memory. They are : -

INTERNAL MEMORY Main memory ( RAM )

Cache memory

EXTERNAL MEMORY Secondary memory

UNITS OF MEMORY

11

STORAGE DEVICES

MAGNETIC STORAGE MEDIA

FLOPPY DISK

HARD DISK

OPTICAL STORAGE MEDIA CD ( COMPACT DISC )

PEN DRIVE

12

Secondary storage devices are classified into two types : -

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

• SYSTEM SOFTWARE

• APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• UTILITY SOFTWARE13

SYSTEM SOFTWARE• System software is a set of

program that are used to control the operations of a computer system. System software is divided into four categories:

• Assemblers• Compilers• Interpreters• Operating system

14

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• Application software are a set of program that are put together for specific purpose or task. There are two types of application software:-

• General Purpose Application Software

• Customized Software

15

UTILITY SOFTWARE

• Utility software is a small program that provides additional capabilities to the operating system.

• For example :- disk defragmenter , registry cleaners.

• WinZip is very popular compression and archive utility .

16

COMPUTER NETWORKINGLAN ( LOCAL AREA NETWORK )

MAN ( METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK )

WAN ( WIDE AREA NETWORK )

INTERNET

WIRED NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY

WIRELESS NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY

WI-FI TECHNOLOGY 17

LOCAL AREA NETWORK A local area network is a computer network that interconnects computers in a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building using network media .

18

19

METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network in which two or more computers or communicating devices or networks which are geographically separated but in same metropolitan city and are connected to each other are said to be connected on MAN.

20

WIDE AREA NETWORK

A wide area network (WAN) is a network that covers a broad area (i.e., any telecommunications network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries) using private or public network transports.

21

INTERNET The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies.

22

USES OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY

1. COMMUNICATION2. RESEARCH3. DISTANCE

EDUCATION4. BOOKING E- TICKETS5. PLAYING GAMES6. DOWNLOADING7. CHATTING8. TWITTER9. E – COMMERCE10. BLOGGING 11. SOCIAL

NETWORKING12. ENTERTAINMENT13. E – GREETINGS14. LISTEN SONGS

23

WIRED NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY

• Ethernet Twisted Pair

• Coaxial Cable

• Optic Fibre Cable

WIRED NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY media are classified based on the kind of materials used as :1. Ethernet Twisted Pair2. Coaxial Cable3. Optic Fibre Cable

24

WIRELESS NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY

Wireless or unguided media means that there is no physical path for the signal to move. Hence communication or transmission is wireless. For example :-

1. Bluetooth

2. Infrared

3. Wi-Fi

25

WI-FI TECHNOLOGY

WI-FI is a popular

technology that allows an

electronic device to

exchange data wirelessly

over a computer network.

Wi-Fi is an abbreviation

for wireless fidelity

known as 802.11 wireless

network.

26

INFORMATION PROCESSING TOOLS• OPERATING SYSTEM

• INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS

• WORD PROCESSING TOOL

• PRESENTATION TOOL

• SPREADSHEET TOOL

27

OPERATING SYSTEMAn operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common  services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system.For example: MAC OSLINUXUNIX

28

INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS

Microsoft Windows is a series of graphical interface operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUI).Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking MAC OS , which had been introduced in 1984.

29

WORD PROCESSING TOOLS

A word processor is an electronic

device or computer software

application that, as directed by the

user, performs word processing: the

composition, editing, formatting and

sometimes printing of any sort of

written material. Word processing

can also refer to

advanced shorthand techniques,

sometimes used in specialized

contexts with a specially

modified typewriter. The term was

coined at IBM's Boblingen , West

Germany Laboratory in the 1960s.

30

PRESENTATION TOOLA type of business software that enables users to create highly stylized images for slide shows and reports. The software includes functions for creating various types of charts and graphs and for inserting text in a variety of fonts. Most systems enable you to import data from a spreadsheet application to create the charts and graphs.Presentation graphics is often called business graphics.

31

SPREADSHEET TOOL

A file in MS EXCEL is called as

spreadsheet.

A spreadsheet is an interactive computer

application program for organization and

analysis of data in tabular form.

Spreadsheets developed as

computerized simulations of paper

accounting worksheets.

32

IT APPLICATION1. DOCUMENTATION

2. PRESENTATION

3. ANALYSIS REPORTING

33

DOCUMENTATION

LETTER WRITING

REPORT WRITING

GREETING CARD

POSTER MAKING

MAIL MERGE

34

PRESENTATION

35

ANALYSIS REPORTING

36

SOCIETAL IMPACTS OF IT• EDUCATION

• HEALTHCARE

• GOVERNANCE

• BUSINESS

• DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING

37

EDUCATION• AUDIO-VISUAL SESSIONS

• INTERACTIVE E-LEARNING CLASSES

• SOCIAL COMMUNICATION TOOLS

• SIMULATION GAMES

38

HEALTHCARE• REDUCTION IN HEALTHCARE COSTS

• INCREASE IN QUALITY OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES

• EASY COMMUNICATION OF MEDICAL DATA

39

GOVERNANCE

• BLOGGING

• INTERACTIVE SURVEY

• INTERNET BANKING

• RESERVATION

• ONLINE SHOPPING

• E-DEMOCRACY

40

BUSINESS• NETWORKS

• E-MAILS

• INSTANT MESSAGING

• SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

• APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• VIDEOCONFERENCING

41

DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING• COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

SOFTWARE

• COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING SOFTWARE

• COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING

42

THANKYOU