Viewing Businesses as Systems
Information systems concepts
Jun 26, 2015
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Viewing Businesses as Systems
Basic Concepts for Understanding Systems
• Framework• Models• System• Work System• Business Process• Value Chain• Information Systems• Information Technology
Framework
• Brief set of ideas for organizing thought process about a particular type of thing or situation
Models
Simplified representations of reality
System
• A set of interacting components that operate together to accomplish a purpose
System properties
• A system has– Purpose– Boundary– Environment– Inputs– Outputs
Engineering
A firm as a system
Supplier
Customer
Production Sales Delivery Service
Finished goods
PreferencesEquipmentInformation
Orders
FinishedGoods
ServiceRequests
Product design
THE FIRMOrders To suppliers
Purchaseditems
Work System
• A system in which humans perform a business process using information, technology, and other resources to produce products for internal or external customers.
Work System
Business Process
People
Information
Other resources
Products
Business Process
• Related group of activities that use people, information and other resources to create value for internal and external users.
Value Chain
• Set of processes a firm uses to create value for its customers
• A process’s value added is the amount of value it creates for its internal and external customer
Value Chain
Information System
• A type of work system that uses information technology to capture, transmit, store, retrieve, manipulate or display information thereby supporting one or more other work systems
Information Technology
• Hardware and software used by information systems
Information Technology, Information Systems, and work systems
InformationTechnology
InformationSystem
WorkSystem
Firm
Phases in building and maintaining systems
• Initiation
• Development
• Implementation
• Operation & Maintenance
Work-Centered Analysis (WCA) Framework
Customer Product
External or Internal who use or receive direct benefit from the product
Other Stakeholders Infrastructure the customer should have to
use the product
Information content Physical content Service Content
Business Process
Major Steps Rationale Processes providing inputs Processes receiving the product
Participants Information Technology
People who perform the work Shared human structure
Created or modified within this system
Received from other work systems
Technology within the system
Shared technology infrastructure
Customer Product
Person who purchases books Wholesalers that supply the books Amazon.com’s shipping department
Information about books that might be purchased
Information describing each book order Books that are eventually delivered
Business Process
Major Steps:Purchaser logs on to www.amazon.comPurchaser identifies desired book or give search criteriaPurchaser looks at book-related information and decides what to orderPurchaser enters orderAmazon. com orders book from wholesalerWholesaler sends book to Amazon.comShipping department packages order and sends it to purchaser
Rationale:Instead of forcing book buyers to go to typical bookstores, permit them to use online access from home or from work
Participants Information Technology
People interested in purchasing books
Order fulfillment department of wholesaler
Shipping department of Amazon.com
Orders for book Price and other
information about each book
PC’s used by purchasers Computers and networks
used by Amazon.com for order processing
Work Centered Analysis (WCA) for Amazon.com
Related Documents
