LAGRANGE LAser GRavitational-wave ANtenna at GEo-lunar L3, L4 , L5 John W. Conklin for the LAGRANGE team Information contained herein is not subject to Export Control or ITAR
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LAG
RA
NG
ELA
ser
GR
avit
atio
nal-w
ave
AN
tenn
aat
GE
o-lu
nar
L3, L
4 , L
5
John
W. C
onkl
info
r th
e LA
GR
AN
GE
tea
m
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
2
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
The
SALK
S C
olla
bora
tion
Sta
nfor
dN
ASA
AR
CL o
ckhe
ed
Mar
tinK
AC
ST o
fSa
udi A
rabi
aS
RI
Inte
rnat
iona
lsc
ienc
epa
yloa
d le
ad
(GR
S / I
MS)
scie
nce
orbi
t, or
b. in
ject
ion,
pr
op. m
od.
tele
scop
e,
spac
ecra
ftsc
ienc
e pa
yloa
d,
tech
dev
elop
men
tμN
thru
ster
s
John
Con
klin
Kar
thik
Bal
akris
hnan
Chi
n Sa
n H
an
BJ
Jaro
uxG
opal
Vasu
deva
nVi
ctor
Agu
ero
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
3
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Des
ign
Ove
rvie
w•
3 id
entic
al d
rag-
free
spa
cecr
aft &
pay
load
s
•St
able
geo
cent
ric o
rbit
(EM
L3,
L4,
L5)
•67
0,00
0 km
equ
ilate
ral t
riang
le (6
link
s)
•M
inim
um c
ompl
exity
•1
sphe
rical
TM
per
S/C
•1
lase
r & b
ench
per
S/C
•2
tele
scop
es, i
n-fie
ld p
oint
ing
•7
DoF
cont
rol p
er s
pace
craf
t
•Fl
ight
pro
ven
tech
with
hig
h TR
L(H
oney
wel
l gyr
o, D
ISC
OS,
GP-
B, L
ISA
)
•C
ontin
uous
, sim
ulta
neou
s, fa
st c
omm
•Fi
xed
ante
nnas
on
each
S/C
•M
bps
thro
ugh
NA
SA G
N (1
1 m
cla
ss),
~1 h
our d
ata
late
ncy
•C
ritic
al fo
r mis
sion
suc
cess
(GP-
B, L
IGO
)
•5
year
mis
sion
life
time
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
4
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Prin
cipa
l Cos
t Sa
ving
s R
elat
ive
to L
ISA
1.R
educ
ed S
/C m
ass
from
redu
ced
payl
oad
com
pone
nts
•1
GR
S, 1
Las
er, 1
opt
ics
benc
h, s
mal
ler (
20 c
m) t
eles
cope
s•
2 La
sers
bud
gete
d fo
r red
unda
ncy
(4 in
LIS
A)
•N
o cr
edib
le T
M fa
ilure
mec
hani
sm•
TM s
ensi
ng, c
harg
e co
ntro
l, sp
in-u
p, a
nd d
rag-
free
hav
e re
dund
ancy
•La
unch
mas
s sa
ving
s: ~
150
kg ×
3 sp
acec
raft
2.O
rbit
chan
ge: G
eoce
ntric
, 667
,000
km
arm
leng
th•
Req
uire
s 1
smal
l pro
puls
ion
mod
ule
inst
ead
of 3
•La
unch
mas
s sa
ving
s: ~
2,5
00 k
g
•R
educ
ed o
pera
tions
& c
omm
unic
atio
ns c
ompl
exity
•LA
GR
AN
GE
wet
laun
ch m
ass:
~2,
000
kg (~
5,00
0 kg
for L
ISA
)•
His
toric
tren
ds s
how
cos
t sca
les
with
mas
s
•Sa
ve ~
$150
M in
laun
ch a
lone
LAG
RA
NG
E St
rain
Sen
siti
vity
•A
rm le
ngth
: 670
,000
km
•M
etro
logy
: 8 p
m/H
z1/2
at 3
mH
z(s
ee A
PPEN
DIX
D)
•A
ccel
erat
ion
nois
e: 3×1
0–15
m/s
ec2
•M
ust b
e ov
er-d
esig
ned
•Se
nsiti
vity
2x
less
than
LISA
bel
ow 2
0 m
Hz
•B
elow
2 m
Hz
gala
ctic
bina
ry c
onfu
sion
set
s lim
it
•LA
GR
AN
GE
mai
ntai
nsm
ost i
mpo
rtan
t sci
ence
obje
ctiv
es o
f LIS
A
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
6
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Orb
it S
elec
tion
•C
omm
unic
atio
ns (&
cos
t) dr
ives
dec
isio
n fo
r geo
cent
ric o
rbit
•~
3 st
able
, nea
r-Ea
rth
orbi
ts fo
und
1.H
igh
retr
ogra
de: ~
600,
000
km fr
om E
arth
(Hel
lings
, OM
EGA
199
8)
2.Ea
rth-
moo
n L3
, L4,
L5:
384
,000
km
from
Ear
th (L
AG
RA
NG
E)
3.Ea
rth-
Sun
L2 c
ircul
ar H
alo:
~1.
5 M
kmfr
om E
arth
(mus
t be
chec
ked)
•1.
& 2
. hav
e si
mila
r per
form
ance
(ran
ge ra
te, b
reat
hing
, etc
.)
•EM
L3,
L4,
L5
chos
en b
ecau
se:
•C
lose
st to
Ear
th
•M
inim
um c
ruis
e tim
e
•La
unch
to W
eak
Stab
ility
Bou
ndar
y: 4
mon
ths
with
∆v
= 58
0 m
/sec
•La
unch
to T
rans
-Lun
ar In
ject
ion:
7 m
onth
s w
ith∆
v =
475
m/s
ec
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
7
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Orb
it P
erfo
rman
ce S
umm
ary
•In
itial
con
ditio
ns m
axim
ize
time
each
S/C
rem
ains
at L
-poi
nt•
Stat
ion
keep
ing
ever
y 6-
12 m
onth
s (L
3)
•St
atio
n ke
epin
g ca
pabi
lity
reco
mm
ende
d fo
r any
orb
it
•3
S/C
sim
ulta
neou
s op
timiz
atio
n m
ay im
prov
e pe
rfor
man
ce•
e.g.
syn
chro
nous
per
iodi
c or
bits
EM L
3,L4
,L5
LISA
Arm
leng
th0.
67 G
m5
Gm
∆ar
m le
ngth
≤5%
1%B
reat
hing
ang
le≤±5
deg
±0.5
deg
Ran
ge ra
te≤
150
m/s
ec10
m/s
ec∆
orbi
t pla
ne5
deg
60 d
eg
(see
AP
PE
ND
IX B
)
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
8
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Inte
rfer
omet
ric
Mea
sure
men
t Sy
stem
•IM
S fo
llow
s LI
SA s
chem
e w
ith s
ome
diffe
renc
es
•1
W N
d:YA
G(1
064
nm),
split
to fe
ed b
oth
arm
s
•Sp
lit in
terf
erom
etry
: lon
g-ar
m /
shor
t-arm
inte
rfer
omet
ers
•Sh
ort-a
rm (T
M to
opt
ics
benc
h): M
iche
lson
or g
ravi
ty F
abry
-Pér
otca
vity
•Lo
ng-a
rm (o
ptic
s be
nch
to re
mot
e op
tics
benc
h): l
ocal
& re
ceiv
ed la
ser p
hase
di
ffere
nce
(PB
S or
diff
ract
ion
grat
ing)
•La
ser p
re-s
tabi
lizat
ion
by o
ptic
al c
avity
or i
odin
e ce
ll
•Si
ngle
TM
requ
ires
no b
ack-
link→
4 ph
ase
mea
sure
men
ts (6
for L
ISA
)
•15
0 M
Hz
Dop
pler
freq
uenc
y
•R
equi
res
mod
ified
LIS
A p
hase
met
er
•A
ltern
ate:
freq
uenc
y sh
ift lo
w-p
ower
loca
l bea
m w
ith A
OM
(or E
OM
)•
Req
uire
s cl
ock
with
~10
–14
accu
racy
(e.g
. spa
ce q
ualif
ied
H m
aser
)
•6 μr
adpo
int-a
head
ang
le: L
ISA
PA
AM
(TR
L 4)
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
9
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LISA
-like
Opt
ical
Ben
ch
Poss
ibly
re
plac
e w
ith
grat
ing
Inte
rfer
omet
ryw
ith
a D
iffra
ctio
n G
rati
ng•
Dou
ble
side
d di
ffrac
tion
grat
ing
on lo
w C
TE m
ater
ial
•Sm
all,
~ m
m re
lay
regi
on b
etw
een
long
& s
hort
arm
inte
rfer
omet
ers
•C
TE <
dn/
dT
•Fe
wer
com
pone
nts →
smal
ler o
ptic
s be
nch
•Se
nsiti
vity
to g
ratin
g m
otio
n: 1
μcy
cle/
pm (s
imila
r to
LISA
req.
)
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
11
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Tele
scop
e D
esig
n•
20 c
m a
pert
ure
•±2
.5 d
eg b
eam
ste
erin
g
•5
pm p
ath-
leng
th s
tabi
lity
•C
ompo
site
met
erin
g st
ruct
ure
•O
ff-ax
is, 2
-sta
ge d
esig
n
•St
age
one
is 6
:1 3
-mirr
orA
nast
igm
at
•Le
ads
to ±
15 d
eg s
teer
ing
mirr
or n
ear e
xit p
upil
•m
Kte
mpe
ratu
re c
ontr
ol
•O
ff-ax
is T
MA
TR
L9
•m
Kte
mp
cont
rol,
low
CTE
com
posi
te, p
m p
ath
leng
th c
ombo
TR
L 4
Stag
e O
ne D
esig
n
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
12
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Adv
anta
ges
of a
Sph
eric
al G
RS
1.N
o TM
forc
ing
or to
rqui
ng•
Nei
ther
ele
ctro
stat
ic s
uppo
rt n
or c
apac
itive
sen
sing
requ
ired,
redu
cing
di
stur
banc
es &
com
plex
ity
2.La
rge
gap
(35
mm
)•
Dis
turb
ance
s re
duce
d an
d/or
spa
cecr
aft r
equi
rem
ents
rela
xed
3.A
long
flig
ht h
erita
ge•
Hon
eyw
ell g
yros
, Tria
d I (
5×10
–11
m/s
ec2 ),
GP-
B (4
×10–1
1m
/sec
2 H
z1/2 )
4.Sc
alab
ility
•Pe
rfor
man
ce c
an b
e sc
aled
up
or d
own
by a
djus
ting
TM a
nd g
ap s
ize
5.Si
mpl
icity
•N
o cr
oss
coup
ling
of d
egre
es o
f fre
edom
6.Si
mpl
e fli
ght-p
rove
n ca
ging
mec
hani
sm (D
ISC
OS)
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
13
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Mod
ular
Gra
vita
tion
al R
efer
ence
Sen
sor
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
14
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E Te
st M
ass
•Te
st m
ass:
70%
/30%
Au/
Pt (L
ISA
)•
Alte
rnat
e: B
ergl
ide
(2%
/97.
5%/0
.5%
Be/
Cu/
Co)
•Sp
inni
ng (3
-10
Hz)
ave
rage
all
but
axis
ymm
etric
irreg
ular
ities
•O
ut-o
f-pla
ne m
otio
n →
patc
h le
ngth
cha
nges
1 pm
/Hz1/
2at
1 m
Hz
(see
APP
END
IX E
)
•H
ollo
wed
out
sec
tions
(∆I/I
= 0.
1)sh
iftpo
lhod
eto
0.3
-1 H
z (A
PPEN
DIX
E)
•M
C d
eter
min
ed to
IFO
lim
it by
not
chin
g sp
in +
har
mon
ics
•C
arbi
de c
oate
d (e
.g. S
iC, Z
rC)
•H
ard
(no
stic
king
), re
flect
ive,
con
duct
ive,
allo
ws
UV
char
ge c
ontr
ol,
mea
sure
d pa
tche
s co
nsis
tent
or b
ette
r tha
n go
ld (A
PPEN
DIX
E)
r
0.2 r
20°
0.2
r
I 3
Opt
imal
geo
met
ry
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
15
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Mic
rone
wto
nTh
rust
ers
•D
rag-
free
& a
ttitu
de v
ia μ
N th
rust
ers
•N
o ex
istin
g th
rust
er m
eets
LIS
A n
oise
,m
ax th
rust
and
life
time
requ
irem
ents
•N
GO
eva
luat
ing
alte
rnat
es to
FEE
Ps
•SR
I mic
ro-fa
bric
ated
ion
thru
ster
attr
activ
e al
tern
ate
to B
usek
CM
NT
or It
alia
n/A
ustr
ian
FEEP
s•
Mic
ro-fa
bric
ated
em
issi
on s
ites
prod
uce
ions
& e
lect
rons
•“D
igita
l pro
puls
ion”
: 100
’s –
1,00
0’s
of in
depe
nden
t em
itter
s / c
m2
•Si
ngle
uni
t can
pro
duce
forc
es +
torq
ues
•H
uge
dyna
mic
rang
e: io
n pr
oduc
tion
phys
ics
unch
ange
d ov
er 1
0–9to
1 N
•U
p to
10,
000
sec
Isp
•Pr
otot
ype:
1 n
Nto
5 μ
N th
rust
er io
n so
urce
test
ed to
40
hr o
f ope
ratio
n
•C
an b
e de
mon
stra
ted
on a
1U
Cub
eSat
Acc
eler
atio
n N
oise
Bud
get
•70
mm
dia
mA
uPts
pher
e, 3
5 m
m g
ap•
Man
y te
rms ∝
gap–1
, gap
–2
•R
equi
rem
ents
rela
xed
w.r.
t. LI
SA
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
17
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Spac
ecra
ft &
Mis
sion
Des
ign
•S/
C b
ased
on
exis
ting
LM S
/C, T
RL
>6•
~3 m
×0.
7 m
, 300
kg,
500
W
•Fi
xed
10 W
ant
enna
bet
wee
n te
lesc
opes
•Th
erm
al d
esig
n: G
RS
10 μ
K a
t 1 m
Hz
•±5
0 K
at e
xter
ior a
t 27.
3 pe
riod
•Th
erm
al lo
ad ra
diat
ed to
p/bo
ttom
•Pa
yloa
d at
cen
ter
•La
unch
mas
s: 2
,070
kg
•4-
7 m
onth
cru
ise
•5
year
life
time
•$9
50M
FY1
2
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
18
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
1st Te
ch D
emo
on n
ano/
mic
ro S
ats:
UV
LED
Sat
•St
anfo
rd: P
aylo
ad
•16
UV
LED
s(4
diff
eren
t typ
es)
•El
ectr
omet
er
•B
ias
plat
es
•A
ctiv
e ac
cha
rge
cont
rol
•N
ASA
AR
C:
•Sy
stem
s en
gine
erin
g,in
tegr
atio
n &
test
ing
•K
AC
ST:
•S/
C b
us, l
aunc
h, o
ps
•Fl
ight
pay
load
: Mar
. 201
2
•La
unch
: 201
3
Low
cos
t, ~2
yr →
TRL
9
Engi
neer
ing
Uni
t
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
20
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Res
pons
es t
o Q
uest
ions
(1/5
)1.
The
max
imum
one
-way
Dop
pler
is ~
150
MH
z, m
akin
g th
e ro
und
trip
~30
0 M
Hz.
H
ow d
o yo
u pl
an to
han
dle
this
?
Phas
e at
rem
ote
S/C
not
nec
essa
rily
re-
tran
smitt
ed. H
eter
odyn
e on
bot
hS/
C ~
150
MH
z. P
hase
met
erm
od o
r fr
eque
ncy
shift
loca
l las
er.
2.LI
SA re
quire
s a
fairl
y so
phis
ticat
ed
cloc
k no
ise
corr
ectio
n sy
stem
. To
mee
t yo
ur le
ngth
sen
sing
requ
irem
ents
with
th
ese
Dop
pler
freq
uenc
ies,
this
wou
ld
have
to b
e re
scal
ed. D
id y
ou lo
ok in
to
this
?
Yes,
it is
in o
ur b
udge
t. R
esid
ual c
lock
no
ise ∝
Dop
pler
freq
uenc
y.
LAG
RA
NG
E D
oppl
er is
10x
LIS
A.
Red
uced
sho
t noi
se h
elps
a b
it.
LAG
RA
NG
E cl
ock
nois
e =
3 pm
/Hz–
1/2
at 3
mH
z(L
ISA
~ 0
.4 p
m/H
z–1/
2 )
3.H
ave
you
look
ed a
t pat
h le
ngth
sta
bilit
y of
the
tele
scop
e?Ye
s, L
M a
naly
zed
path
leng
th s
tabi
lity
w.r.
t. te
mpe
ratu
re c
hang
e &
ste
erin
g.
4.D
oes
the
tele
scop
e ne
ed a
focu
s m
echa
nism
to c
ompe
nsat
e fo
r de-
wat
erin
g of
the
com
posi
te m
eter
ing
stru
ctur
e?
Yes.
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
21
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Res
pons
es t
o Q
uest
ions
(2/5
)
5.Th
e an
gula
r var
iatio
ns a
re +
/-5
deg
betw
een
S/C
. The
tele
scop
e re
duce
s th
e be
am s
ize
by
a fa
ctor
of 6
but
als
o in
crea
ses
the
angu
lar
varia
tions
by
a fa
ctor
of 6
, req
uirin
g +/
-30
deg
of a
ngul
ar a
ctua
tion.
Are
you
pro
posi
ng to
us
e 2
mirr
ors
actu
atin
g by
+/-
15 d
eg to
co
rrec
t for
this
?
Tele
scop
e ra
nge
is ±
2.5
deg,
and
st
eerin
g is
han
dled
by
a si
ngle
m
irror
. (se
e C
hart
11)
6.D
o th
e te
lesc
ope
and
in-fi
eld
guid
ing
syst
em
requ
ire a
n ad
ditio
nal i
nter
fero
met
er to
read
ou
t the
ir le
ngth
cha
nges
?
Met
erin
g st
ruct
ure
tem
pera
ture
co
ntro
lled
to m
Kle
vel,
and
OPD
ca
libra
ted
as a
func
tion
of fi
eld,
al
low
ing
one
to o
pera
te w
ithou
t ac
tivel
y tr
acki
ng O
PD a
t pm
le
vel.
Inte
rnal
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
cou
ld b
e us
ed, b
ut a
t th
e co
st o
f add
ition
al p
ower
, w
eigh
t, co
st, c
ompl
exity
.
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
22
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Res
pons
es t
o Q
uest
ions
(3/5
)
7.Ty
pica
lly a
mea
sure
men
t tel
esco
pe is
so
mew
hat d
iffer
ent f
rom
an
imag
ing
tele
scop
e. Y
ou'v
e id
entif
ied
a Th
ree
Mirr
or
Ana
stig
mat
with
flig
ht h
erita
ge, b
ut d
o yo
u ha
ve te
sts
to s
how
that
it m
eets
the
optic
al
path
leng
thre
quire
men
ts a
nd a
ll ot
her
perf
orm
ance
and
env
ironm
enta
l req
uire
men
ts
at T
RL
9?
Off-
axis
TM
A is
TR
L 9.
mK
tem
p co
ntro
l, lo
w C
TE c
ompo
site
te
lesc
ope,
pm
pat
h le
ngth
m
onito
ring
have
flig
ht
qual
ifica
tion
test
her
itage
. C
ombi
natio
n of
all
thre
e is
new
an
d is
con
side
red
TRL
4.(s
ee A
PPEN
DIX
A)
8.C
an y
ou c
omm
ent h
ow y
ou e
nvis
ion
that
the
typi
cal m
illira
dian
stee
ring
rang
e of
AO
Ms
and
EOM
s ca
n be
incr
ease
d to
the
requ
ired
leve
ls?
Ref
eren
ce 5
5 st
ates
that
max
imum
de
flect
ion
angl
es o
f 0.1
° are
pos
sibl
e us
ing
375V
in a
n 11
cm lo
ng a
nd 2
mm
wid
e cr
ysta
l.
Not
bas
elin
e de
sign
. C
omm
erci
ally
ava
ilabl
e pr
oduc
ts h
ave
larg
er ra
nge,
but
m
ay s
till n
eed
mag
nific
aito
n.
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
23
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Res
pons
es t
o Q
uest
ions
(4/5
)
9.Th
e gr
atin
g re
adou
t will
be
very
sen
sitiv
e to
an
gula
r mot
ion
and
late
ral d
ispl
acem
ent o
f th
e gr
atin
g. S
ee P
RL
95, 0
1390
1 (2
005)
for a
m
easu
rem
ent o
f how
the
inte
rfer
omet
ricsi
gnal
in a
Mic
hels
on in
terf
erom
eter
cha
nges
w
hen
the
grat
ing
is tr
ansl
ated
. Did
you
co
nsid
er th
is in
you
r ana
lysi
s?
Sens
itivi
ty to
spo
t mot
ion
over
gr
atin
g su
rfac
e is
1 μ
cycl
e/pm
, eq
uiva
lent
to L
ISA
opt
ical
be
nch
defo
rmat
ion
requ
irem
ents
. Affe
ct o
f sph
ere’
s m
otio
n w
.r.t.
Littr
owca
vity
mus
t be
ana
lyze
d in
det
ail.
10.
A s
pher
ical
met
allic
pro
of m
ass
has
had
figur
e/C
G is
sues
in th
e pa
st. H
ave
thes
e be
en
reso
lved
?
Path
-leng
th c
hang
es d
ue to
sp
here
form
/MC
~ 1
pm
.Se
e ch
art 1
4, A
PPEN
DIX
E.
11.
Are
the
prop
osed
car
bide
coa
tings
con
sist
ent
with
the
expe
cted
sur
face
and
pat
ch fi
eld
requ
irem
ents
?
Yes,
40%
bet
ter t
han
gold
whe
n cl
ean.
How
ever
, mea
sure
men
ts
show
pat
ches
dom
inat
ed b
y co
ntam
inat
ion.
See
char
t 14,
APP
END
IX E
.
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
24
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Res
pons
es t
o Q
uest
ions
(5/5
)12
.Th
e ki
netic
ene
rgy
of th
e pr
oof m
ass
is
take
n ou
t by
boun
cing
the
proo
f mas
s in
side
the
hous
ing
with
initi
ally
mm
/s
velo
citie
s. W
hat t
ests
hav
e be
en d
one
that
sho
w th
at th
is d
oes
not d
ent t
he
surf
aces
cre
atin
g pa
tche
s? T
he
shad
ow s
enso
rs, t
he g
ratin
g, a
nd th
e so
urce
s fo
r the
UV
light
will
hav
e to
be
pro
tect
ed fr
om im
pact
?
Onc
e re
leas
ed S
/C ‘c
atch
es u
p’ to
TM
. B
ounc
es n
eed
not b
e in
elas
tic. m
m/s
ec
boun
ces
sim
ilar t
o ca
refu
l han
dlin
gof
TM
pre
-laun
ch. E
last
ic li
mit
of
sphe
re’s
mat
eria
l is
not e
xcee
ded.
Any
re
sidu
al m
arks
ave
rage
d by
spi
n. P
atch
vo
ltage
s of
100
mV
in e
rror
bud
get,
boun
ding
any
pos
sibl
e pa
tche
s pr
oduc
ed o
n-or
bit.
13.
How
long
will
the
dam
ping
take
?C
aptu
re ti
me
only
func
tion
of re
leas
e ve
loci
ty a
nd m
ax th
rust
.C
aptu
re in
~1,
000
sec,
DIS
CO
S ~1
00 s
ec
14.
Hav
e yo
u lo
oked
at o
ther
con
stel
latio
n co
ncer
ns, l
ike
poin
t-ahe
ad v
aria
tions
? If
so, h
ow w
ill th
ey b
e ad
dres
sed?
Yes,
see
APP
END
IX B
15.
Expl
ain
the
crui
se p
hase
ste
ps in
mor
e de
tail.
See
APP
END
IX C
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
25
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
APP
END
IX A
: Mis
sion
Con
cept
Det
ails
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
26
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rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E / L
ISA
Com
pari
son
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
27
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Tech
nolo
gy R
eadi
ness
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
28
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Spac
ecra
ft &
Pay
load
Mas
s &
Pow
er
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
29
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
APP
END
IX B
: Sci
ence
Orb
it D
etai
ls
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
30
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Scie
nce
Orb
it: 3
65 d
ay s
olut
ion
-4-3
-2-1
01
23
4
x 10
5
-3-2-10123
x 10
5
x (k
m)
Ear
th-M
oon
rota
ting
fram
e ce
nter
ed a
t bar
ycen
ter
y (km)
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
31
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Scie
nce
Orb
it: 3
65 d
ay s
olut
ion
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
x 10
5
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
x 10
5
-4-2024
x 10
4
y (k
m)
x (k
m)
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
32
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Rel
ativ
e A
rm L
engt
h C
hang
es
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
33
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Spac
ecra
ft-t
o-Sp
acec
raft
Ran
ge R
ates
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
34
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Bre
athi
ng A
ngle
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
35
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rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Poin
t-ah
ead
Ang
le
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
36
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
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rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Sola
r &
Lun
ar E
clip
ses
•Ec
lipse
s ov
er 3
65 d
ays
•M
axim
um E
arth
ecl
ipse
leng
th: 4
hou
rs
•M
axim
um L
unar
(par
tial)
eclip
se le
ngth
: 3 h
ours
Num
ber o
f Ecl
ipse
sL3
L4L5
Part
ial
Eclip
se2
02
Tota
l Ec
lipse
32
4
Part
ial
Eclip
se2
20
Tota
l Ec
lipse
00
0
Luna
r Ec
lipse
Eart
h Ec
lipse
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
37
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
APP
END
IX C
: Orb
it In
ject
ion
Det
ails
Orb
it In
ject
ion
Scen
ario
1: W
eak
Stab
ility
Bou
ndar
yA
.D
ay 0
: Lau
nch →
WSB
(C
3 =
0 km
2 /sec
2 )B
.D
ay 4
1: W
SB →
Luna
r sw
ingb
y(∆
V =
95 m
/s)
C.
Day
81:
Lun
ar s
win
gby→
phas
ing
orbi
t(∆
V =
83 m
/sec
)D
.D
ay 1
00:p
hasi
ng o
rbit →
EM L
5(∆
V =
42 m
/sec
)E.
Day
118
:Ren
dezv
ous
EM L
5(∆
V =
51 m
/sec
)F.
Day
137
:pha
sing
orb
it →
EM L
3(∆
V =
70 m
/sec
)G
.D
ay 1
56:R
ende
zvou
s EM
L3
(∆V
= 67
m/s
ec)
H.
Day
175
:pha
sing
orb
it →
EM L
4(∆
V =
57 m
/sec
)I.
Day
193
:Ren
dezv
ous
EM L
4(∆
V =
0 m
/sec
)•
TO
TA
L Δ
V: 4
75 m
/sec
(incl
udin
g 10
m/s
cour
se c
orre
ctio
ns)
•Ea
ch L
M s
pace
craf
t has
100
m/s
ec
prop
. sys
tem
for i
nser
tion
/ tip
-off
A
BA
ssum
ed
Laun
ch:
1 Ja
n 20
15
C, E
,G
, I
DFH
Req
uire
s 23
0 kg
bip
rop
fuel
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Orb
it In
ject
ion
Scen
ario
2: T
rans
-Lun
ar In
ject
ion
A
B
C
A.
Day
0: L
aunc
h →
TLI (C
3 =
–1.7
km
2 /sec
2 )B
.D
ay 3
: Lun
ar s
win
gby→
phas
ing
orbi
t(∆
V =
283
m/s
ec)
C.
Day
25:
pha
sing
orb
it →
EM L
5(∆
V =
42 m
/sec
)D
.D
ay 4
0: R
ende
zvou
s EM
L5
(∆V
= 51
m/s
ec)
E.D
ay 5
9: p
hasi
ng o
rbit →
EM L
3(∆
V =
70 m
/sec
)F.
Day
78:
Ren
dezv
ous
EM L
3(∆
V =
67 m
/sec
)G
.D
ay 9
7: p
hasi
ng o
rbit →
EM L
4(∆
V =
57 m
/sec
)H
.D
ay 1
15: R
ende
zvou
s EM
L4
(∆V
= 0
m/s
ec)
•T
OT
AL Δ
V: 5
80 m
/sec
(incl
udin
g 10
m/s
cour
se c
orre
ctio
ns)
•Ea
ch L
M s
pace
craf
t has
100
m/s
ec p
rop.
sy
stem
for i
nser
tion
/ tip
-off
Req
uire
s 29
7 kg
bip
rop
fuel
D
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
40
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
APP
END
IX D
: IM
S D
etai
ls
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
41
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Gra
ting
as
a B
eam
Spl
itte
r
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
42
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Gra
ting
-Sph
ere
Cav
ity
•M
ode
mat
chin
g an
d st
able
low
fine
sse
cavi
ty d
emon
stra
ted
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
43
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Phas
emet
er•
JPL
Phas
emet
er, b
ased
on
GPS
tech
(TR
L 5)
•A
ccom
mod
ate
150
MH
z he
tero
dyne
freq
uenc
y if
poss
ible
•A
ltern
ate:
freq
uenc
y sh
ift lo
cal l
aser
pic
k-of
f to
redu
ce h
eter
odyn
e fr
eq.
•A
OM
or E
OM
with
acc
urat
e sy
nthe
size
r
•~1
50 M
Hz
rang
e, μ
cycl
e ac
cura
cy →
requ
ires
H-m
aser
or e
quiv
alen
t clo
ck
•O
ne-w
ay li
ght t
rave
l tim
e: 2
.25
sec
•Po
int-a
head
ang
le: 6
±0.
5 μr
ad(s
ee A
PPEN
DIX
B)
•LI
SA P
oint
-Ahe
ad A
ngle
Mec
hani
sm s
uffic
ient
(TR
L 4)
•Pi
ezo-
actu
ated
flex
piv
ot m
irror
•80
0 μr
adra
nge,
16
nrad
/Hz1
/2an
gula
r jitt
er, 2
pm
/Hz1
/2pi
ston
jitte
r
Poin
t-ah
ead
Ang
le
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
44
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Met
rolo
gy E
rror
Bud
get
•N
oise
is fl
at a
bove
3 m
Hz
& 1
/f2
belo
w
•Sh
ot n
oise
redu
ced
w.r.
t. LI
SA d
ue to
sho
rter
arm
(20
cm te
l.)
•R
esid
ual c
lock
noi
se ~
10 la
rger
due
to la
rger
Dop
pler
rate
Noi
se s
ourc
eN
oise
at 3
mH
z(p
m/H
z1/2 )
Shot
noi
seO
ptic
al p
ath-
leng
th c
hang
es*
Res
idua
l clo
ck
nois
eR
esid
ual l
aser
ph
ase
nois
e3
Tota
l (R
SS)
4 5 3 8*D
omin
ated
by
tele
scop
e
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
45
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
APP
END
IX E
: MG
RS
Det
ails
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
46
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Test
Mas
s G
eom
etry
•TM
hol
low
ed o
ut•∆
I / I
> 0.
1 →
polh
ode
> 0.
3 -1
Hz
for s
pin
= 3
-10
Hz
•D
ensi
ty lo
ss <
20%
•Sy
mm
etric
→IM
S m
odul
atio
nis
sin
usoi
dal
•Ex
tern
al g
eom
etry
requ
irem
ents
•Sp
heric
al to
< 3
0 nm
•G
P-B
, Hon
eyw
ell r
otor
~ 1
0 nm
•M
ass
unba
lanc
e <
300
nm
•G
P-B
roto
r ~ 1
0 nm
r
0.2
r
20°
0.2
r
I 3
Opt
imal
Geo
met
ry
Bra
ss T
M F
abri
cati
on D
emo
2-pa
rt s
pher
e (C
NC
)3-
part
sph
ere
(lath
e)
Torc
h br
aze
Lap
& p
olis
h
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
48
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Path
Len
gth
Cha
nges
due
to
Geo
met
ry•
Lapp
ing
and
polis
hing
min
imiz
es s
lope
of s
urfa
ce•
Am
plitu
de o
f sha
pe h
arm
onic
s ∝
1 / s
patia
l siz
e (l)
•La
ser s
pot a
vera
ges
harm
onic
s <
1 m
m
•Sp
in a
vera
ges
all b
utax
isym
met
richa
rmon
ics
•O
ut-o
f-pla
ne m
otio
n→
patc
h le
ngth
cha
nges
•S/
C ji
tter <
3 μ
rad/
Hz1/
2
→<
1 pm
/Hz1/
2
•O
rbit:
5°/2
7.3
days
→1
pm/H
z1/2
at 1
mH
z
•LI
SA o
rbit:
60°
/1 y
ear
→10
pm
/Hz1/
2at
0.1
mH
z
Mea
sure
d G
P-B
rot
or
LAG
RA
NG
E T
M m
odel
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
49
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Test
Mas
s C
agin
g &
Rel
ease
•D
ISC
OS
fligh
t pro
ven
mec
hani
sm•
Jack
scr
ew h
olds
TM
aga
inst
hou
sing
•Su
cces
sful
ly d
emon
stra
ted
twic
e on
-or
bit,
2ndtim
e af
ter 6
mon
th c
agin
g
•A
fter r
elea
se, μ
N th
rust
ers
‘cat
ch u
p’w
ith in
ertia
l TM
•C
aptu
re ti
me
only
func
tion
ofre
sidu
al v
eloc
ity &
max
thru
st•
mm
/sec
bou
nces
~ h
andl
ing
on g
roun
d
•D
oes
not r
equi
re in
elas
tic c
ollis
ions
•D
ISC
OS
capt
ure
time:
~10
0 se
c•
On-
orbi
t cap
ture
mat
ched
sim
ulat
ions
•LA
GR
AN
GE:
~10
00 s
ec
DIS
CO
S
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
50
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Diff
eren
tial
Opt
ical
Sha
dow
Sen
sor
•nm
/Hz1
/2ac
cura
cy o
ver m
Hz-
1Hz,
~m
m d
ynam
ic ra
nge
•D
emon
stra
ted
to 2
nm
/Hz1
/2at
1 H
z, 2
0 nm
/Hz1
/2at
1 m
Hz
•Li
mite
d by
env
ironm
ent,
not t
he s
enso
r
DO
SS s
chem
eD
OSS
pro
toty
pe a
t Sta
nfor
d
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
51
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Test
Mas
s Sp
in-u
p C
oils
•B
ased
on
fligh
t pro
ven
Hon
eyw
ell G
yros
•6
Hel
mho
ltz-li
ke c
oils
•4
in o
rbit-
plan
e fo
r spi
n-up
(ac)
•2
top/
botto
m fo
r pol
hode
dam
ping
& s
pin
axis
alig
nmen
t (dc
)
•O
pen-
loop
sys
tem
(on/
off)
•Sp
in-u
p to
10
Hz
in fe
w h
ours
Hon
eyw
ell E
SG
LAG
RA
NG
E Sp
in-u
p C
oil
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
52
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
UV
LED
Cha
rge
Con
trol
•C
harg
e co
ntro
l by
UV
phot
oem
issi
on u
sing
254
nm
line
of a
n rf
mer
cury
sou
rce
succ
essf
ully
dem
onst
rate
d on
GP-
B
•LA
GR
AN
GE:
New
er c
omm
erci
al U
V LE
Ds
(240
-255
nm
)•
Fast
-sw
itcha
ble
(> 1
00 M
Hz)
allo
win
g ac
cha
rge
man
agem
ent t
hrou
gh
sync
hron
izat
ion
with
bia
s el
ectr
ode
•10
mW
→10
μW
at 2
52 n
m
•Pa
ssiv
e ch
arge
man
agem
ent p
ossi
ble
for L
AG
RA
NG
E•
Virt
ual w
ire b
etw
een
TM a
nd S
/C (~
5 pF
capa
cita
nce)
•Sp
ace
qual
ifica
tion
com
plet
e•
Life
time:
>5
year
s
•R
adia
tion
•Sh
ake,
bak
e, s
hock
Test
Mas
s C
oati
ng•
Car
bide
com
pond
(e.g
. SiC
or Z
rC)
•H
ard,
con
duct
ive,
refle
ctiv
e, p
erm
its U
V ch
arge
con
trol
, mea
sure
d pa
tch
pote
ntia
ls s
imila
r to
gold
(see
APP
END
IX E
)
•C
arbi
des
appe
ar b
ette
r cho
ice
for t
est m
ass
coat
ing
•Pa
tche
s do
min
ated
by
cont
amin
atio
n
•Er
ror b
udge
t: pa
tche
s 10
0 m
V dc
, 100
μV/
Hz–1
/2(1
mH
z/ f
)[G
P-B
, Tre
nto]
Prop
erty
Au
Car
bide
sPa
tch
pote
ntia
ls in
10–
7Pa
afte
r bak
e-ou
t, 3
mm
tip
~ 10
mV
~ 6m
VPa
tch
pote
ntia
ls in
“re
gula
r env
ironm
ent”
(from
GP-
B, L
PF, C
asim
irfo
rce
exp.
, etc
)20
-80
mV
20-8
0 m
V
Har
dnes
sLo
wH
igh
“Stic
ktio
n”Lo
wH
igh
Opt
ical
refle
ctiv
ity (m
easu
red)
Hig
hH
igh
UV
Phot
oem
issi
on (e
lect
rons
/pho
ton
at 2
52 n
m)
3.4×
10–7
Au ×
(1.2
-1.9
)
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
54
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Coa
ting
s Te
sted
at
Stan
ford
Nb
MoC
Au
S
iC
TaC
ZrC
TiC
Nb
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Kel
vin
Prob
e fo
r M
easu
rem
ents
of P
atch
Eff
ects
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Kel
vin
Prob
e fo
r M
easu
rem
ents
For
Au
and
TiC
Au
–N
b–
Alu
min
a 11
-03-
04Ti
C–
Alu
min
a 11
-03-
04
Kel
vin
prob
e m
easu
rem
ents
: inv
estig
atio
ns o
f the
pat
ch e
ffect
with
app
licat
ions
to S
T-7
and
LISA
N. A
. Rob
ertson
et a
lClass. Q
uantum
Grav.23
(7) p
p. 266
5‐26
80 (20
06) h
ttp://
iops
cien
ce.io
p.or
g/02
64-9
381/
23/7
/026
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Mat
eria
lC
urre
nt S
ourc
e D
rive
Volta
ge
(mV
)
LED
C
urre
nt
(mA
)
Sphe
re
Volta
geS
ampl
e Vo
ltage
Sam
ple
Cur
rent
(L
ED
off)
Sam
ple
Cur
rent
(L
ED
on)
Vac
uum
P
ress
ure
(torr
)
Sam
ple
curr
ent
(net
)
#
elec
trons
# ph
oton
sQ
E m
ean
QE
, re
lativ
e to
Au
Au53
105
-5-4
.50E
-13
3.15
E-12
2.1E
-03
3.60
E-12
2.25
E+07
6.41
E+13
5310
5-5
-1.5
0E-1
33.
45E-
126.
5E-0
43.
60E-
122.
25E+
076.
41E+
133.
40E
-07
1.00
Nb
5310
5-5
-4.3
0E-1
34.
71E-
122.
1E-0
35.
14E-
123.
21E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
-3.4
0E-1
35.
80E-
125.
7E-0
46.
14E-
123.
84E+
076.
41E+
135.
64E
-07
1.66
SiC
5310
5-5
-4.4
0E-1
33.
56E-
121.
8E-0
34.
00E-
122.
50E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
-3.5
0E-1
34.
25E-
125.
8E-0
44.
60E-
122.
88E+
076.
41E+
134.
26E
-07
1.25
TiC
5310
5-5
-1.1
2E-1
23.
60E-
122.
0E-0
34.
72E-
122.
95E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
-2.0
0E-1
34.
70E-
124.
7E-0
44.
90E-
123.
06E+
076.
41E+
134.
51E
-07
1.32
ZrC
5310
5-5
-6.7
0E-1
33.
65E-
122.
0E-0
34.
32E-
122.
70E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
-3.5
0E-1
33.
52E-
125.
1E-0
43.
87E-
122.
42E+
076.
41E+
133.
92E
-07
1.15
Mo 2
C53
105
-55.
00E-
135.
75E-
122.
0E-0
35.
25E-
123.
28E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
-2.5
0E-1
36.
83E-
125.
5E-0
47.
08E-
124.
43E+
076.
41E+
136.
48E
-07
1.90
TaC
5310
5-5
-7.0
0E-1
35.
42E-
121.
7E-0
36.
12E-
123.
83E+
076.
41E+
13
5310
5-5
1.00
E-13
6.75
E-12
5.2E
-04
6.65
E-12
4.16
E+07
6.41
E+13
6.27
E-0
71.
84
Phot
oem
issi
on e
ffic
ienc
y of
car
bide
film
s
LAG
RA
NG
E, 2
0 D
ecem
ber
2011
58
Info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
is n
ot s
ubje
ct to
Exp
ort C
ontro
l orI
TAR
Acc
eler
atio
n N
oise
Bud
get
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