[email protected] 1–888–99–REBAR(73227) 5522 – 36 Street Edmonton, Alberta T6B 3P3 T:780 – 448 – 9338 F:780 – 448 – 9338.

Fibreglass (GFRP) Rebar Infrastructure Applications

[email protected]–888–99–REBAR(73227)

5522 – 36 StreetEdmonton, AlbertaT6B 3P3T:780 – 448 – 9338 F:780 – 448 – 9338

Concrete HistoryRomans are the pioneers of the concrete revolution. Their structures have lasted close to 2000 years.

In 1995, Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures (ISIS) was formed by the Federal Government to investigate the crumbling infrastructure of North America.

Today’s Steel-reinforced concrete will begin to deteriorate after 10 to 15 years and will generally require major repairs after 25 years.

The Culprit is Steel

Rust Staining, Business Entryway, Edmonton, AB

Black Steel STAGE 1BLEEDING

De-lamination Cracking, 19 Year Old Ontario Bridge, MTO 2005

Epoxy Coated Steel STAGE 2CRACKING

Corrosion Induced Cracking, 23 Yr Old Ontario Bridge, MTO 2007

Galvanized Steel STAGE 3SPALLING

Chloride Induced Corrosion, Roof of 13 Year Old Swimming Pool Collapses, Switzerland

Stainless Steel STAGE 4FAILURE

• In 1997, Dywidag-Systems International contacted BP Automation/Brandstrom Engineering Ltd. to develop a threaded fibreglass rebar system.

• In 1999, the company developed threaded fibreglass manufacturing equipment.

• In 2000, BP Composites Ltd. was formed to supply DSI and the mining industry with fibreglass rebar and rock bolts.

Company History

• In 2006, ISIS Canada developed a Product Specification Manual for GFRP reinforcement for civil application.

• BP Composites Ltd. adjusted and expanded their GFRP process to create a family of rebar sizes suitable for concrete reinforcement.

Company History

• ISIS Canada developed...• Canada

- CAN/CSA-S606 (2006) Fibre Reinforced Structures, “Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code” Canadian Standards Association, pp.693-728

- CAN/CSA-S806-12 “Design and Construction of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers” Canadian Standards Association

GFRP Design Codes

• USA- ACI 440.1R-06 (2006) “Guide for the Design and

Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars”, American Concrete Institute

- AASHTO GFRP-1 (2009) “AASHTO LFRD Bridge Design Guide Specifications for GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks and Traffic Railings”, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

GFRP Design Codes

• Code Compliance: - CAN/CSA-S807-10, “Specifications for Fibre-Reinforced

Polymers”

• Material Code Requirements for GFRP rebar:- Vinyl Ester Resin- E type fibreglass - or E-CR fibreglass (Corrosion Resistant)

Manufacturing Requirements for GFRP Processing

• Mechanical Properties1. Cross-Sectional Area2. Longitudinal Tensile Strength for Bars3. Longitudinal Tensile Modulus and Ultimate Elongation4. Bond Strength5. Transverse Shear Strength6. Strength of FRP Bent Bars7. Longitudinal Tensile Strength and Modulus of FRP Bent

Bars8. Longitudinal Tensile Properties at Cold Temperature9. Flexural Strength and Modulus

Testing Requirements for Product Compliance

• Physical Properties1. Fibre Content2. Longitudinal Coefficient of Thermal Expansion3. Transverse Coefficient of Thermal Expansion4. Density5. Void Content6. Water Absorption7. Cure Ratio8. Glass Transition Temperature

Testing Requirements for Product Compliance

• Durability Properties1. Alkali Resistance in High pH Solution (No Load)2. Alkali Resistance in High pH Solution (Load)3. Creep Rupture Strength4. Creep (10,000 Hr Test)

Testing Requirements for Product Compliance

• Rigorous testing has concluded:- 100+ Year Life Expectancy for GFRP Reinforced

Structures.

Durability

• TUF-BAR® tested in accordance with- CAN/CSA-S807-10 “Specifications for Fibre-Reinforced

Polymers”- CAN/CSA-S806-12 “Design and Construction of Building

Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers”- CAN/CSA-S6-06 (2006) Fibre Reinforced Structures,

“Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code”, pp.693-728- ACI 440.3R-04 (2004) “Guide Test Methods for Fiber-

Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) for Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures”

- AASHTO GFRP-1 (2009) “AASHTO LFRD Bridge Design Guide Specifications for GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks and Traffic Railings”,

Design Code Compliance

CORROSION!!!

CORROSION!!!

TUF-BAR®

• Features- Impervious to Chloride-Ion

and Chemical Attack- ¼ Weight of Steel- 2x Tensile Strength of Steel- Thermal Isolator- Non-Conductive- Non-Magnetic- Sizes #2-#8, 6mm-25mm- Standard/Custom Lengths,

Shapes, Bends

Black Steel Stainless Steel TUF-BAR®

Price 10x Black Steel Equivalent to Galvanized

Corrosion Susceptible Susceptible Non-Susceptible

Weight 1/4 of Steel

Tensile Strength 2x Steel/Stainless

Modulus 200 GPa 200 GPa 40,60 GPa

Bond Strength 8-11 MPa 8-11 MPa 14 MPa

Thermal Conductivity Yes Yes No

Electrical Conductivity

Yes Yes No

Magnetic Yes No No

Property Comparison:Steel VS. TUF-BAR®

• Canada Green Building Council Member• Green Alberta Evaluation No. 09-004-V01• TUF-BAR® is 100% recyclable• TUF-BAR® contributes:

- 6 LEED® Credits in Canada- 7 LEED® Credits in USA

TUF-BAR®

• Peace Bridge, Calgary, Alberta

Field Applications

Field Applications

• MRI Facility, Regina, Saskatchewan

Field Applications

• Production Brow, Penobsquis, New Brunswick

Field Applications

• Glass Creep- GFRP not recommended:

- Pre-Tensioning- Post-Tensioning- Dead Loads

• Modulus- Cantilevering Loads

• Elongation- GFRP Elongates Linearly 2%

Important Things to Know About

• High Embedment Strength- Rough Surface- Sand Coating

• Fatigue- 20x Longer Under Cyclic

Loads

• Minimal Concrete Cover

Important Things to Know About

Fatigue Resistance

Loading FixtureA. El-Ragaby , E. F. El-Salakawy and B. Benmokrane

• Low Risk Profile• Lightweight • Cuts with Chop Saw or

Grinding Disc (No Shears)• Vinyl Coated Tie Wire or Zip

Ties• No Patching or Corrosion

Treatment

Fast & Easy Installation

• Studied in 12 Countries and 70 Universities• Extensive Canadian Studies involving 22

Researchers and 14 Universities

Durability Report

• Researchers conclude 100+ Year Life Expectancy for GFRP Reinforced Structures:1. No Degradation in GFRP Reinforcement2. Excellent Bonding3. No Debonding4. No Microcracking5. No Voids6. No Resin Microcracking7. No Glass Fibre Degradation8. No Significant Delamination/Debonding9. No Glass Transition10. No Sign of Chemical Degradation of the Resin11. No Chemical Degradation (Hydrolysis)

Durability Report

Life Cycle Cost Analysis

• Composites Innovation Centre University of Manitoba

• GFRP 70% cost savings over 100 years

• CAN/CSA-S6-06 (2006) “Canadian Highway Bridge Code”, pg.693-728

• CAN/CSA-S806-12 “Design and Constructions of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers”

• “If you look at the full life cycle cost, GFRP is far more cost-effective than metallic reinforcement”

Dr. Brahim BenmokraneNSERC Industry Research Chair

Conclusions

Design With GFRP in Mind

• BP Composites Ltd.• (T): 780-448-9338• (F): 780-448-9360• 1-888-99-REBAR(73227)• [email protected]

Thank You