Influencing Policy on Climate Change from the Bottom Up: Increasing Community Resilience to Drought in Makueni District in Kenya Development and Climate Days at COP-14 Policy Formation in a Changing Climate Session Poznan, 7 December, 2008 Dr. Maggie Opondo Centre for Science & Technology Innovations Nairobi, Kenya
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Influencing Policy on Climate Change from the Bottom Up ... · Increasing Community Resilience to Drought in Makueni District in Kenya ... the sand dams” Onesmus Munyao. Project
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Influencing Policy on Climate Change from the Bottom Up:
Increasing Community Resilience to Drought in Makueni District in Kenya
Development and Climate Days at COP-14
Policy Formation in a Changing Climate Session
Poznan, 7 December, 2008
Dr. Maggie OpondoCentre for Science & Technology Innovations
Nairobi, Kenya
FACILITATEINTEGRATION
OF ADAPTATIONTO CLIMATE
CHANGE INTO KENYA’S
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PLANS & POLICIES
SAKAI PROJECT
REDUCE POVERTYTHROUGH
DIVERSIFICATIONOF
LIVELIHOODS
INCREASE FOOD SECURITY BYENHANCINGDROUGHT RESILIENCEOF LOCAL
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AIMS
GOAL = CONTRIBUTE TO ACHIEVEMENT OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS BY:
PROVIDING PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF HOW A COMMUNITY CAN COPE WITH CLIMATE CHANGE-INDUCED DROUGHT
PROVIDING PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF HOW NATIONAL POLICY MAY BE MODIFIED BASED ON INPUTS FROM LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Project Activities 1
Downscaling climate forecasts to guide choice of crops planted and the timing of agricultural activities
Project Activities 2
Improving agronomic practices by providing access to fast maturing and drought-resistant crop varieties
Project Activities 3 Building sand dams, shallow boreholes and drip irrigation systems to improve access to water for use in crop production
We can now plant and sell vegetables using the water from the sand dams” Onesmus Munyao
Project Activities 4
Increasing local self-help groups’ access to income-diversification activities
Policy Context 1• Environment and Development Policy (E&DP)
(1999) in response to increasing concerns about the effects of development of environment
• Recognition of inability to manage and reduce vulnerability to national disasters => National Disaster Management Policy Draft (NDMP)
• Draft Policy on Sustainable Development of Arid and Semi Arid Lands (SDASALs) to support implementation of NDMP
Policy Context 2• 2004 – Government taskforce constituted and finalised draft policies on NDM and SDASALs - but continued to gather dust
• 2007 – NDM draft policy recalled for inclusion of hazards such as tsunami and avian flu by the taskforce
• James Oduor – informed them of the pilot project and need to include CV and CC issues into the policy
Policy Context 3• Taskforce members agree that issues of CV &
CC be included in NDM draft policy
• An environmental scientist revised NDM policy to cover main issues on climate change and adaptation
• Revision included issues on climate change and adaptation in nearly all sections of draft policy on NDM
• NDM draft policy at cabinet level and likely to be approved late 2008 or early 2009
Policy engagement• Participatory “bottom-up” approach responsive to
local institutional structures
• 1 : ALRMP = agreed to work together and complement one another in areas of mutual interest
• 2 : Makueni District Steering Group = endorsement of project
• 3 : Local community engagement in problem identification and prioritization = community runs off with the project
Up-scaling at the local level• Demonstration sites established in 40 farming households
• Farmer to farmer training outside of pilot project site (each farmer trains 2 neighbours)
• 640 farmers trained by May 2008
• ALRMP – training on use of weather info in agricultural planning and GAPs conducted in other ASAL districts in 2007
• ALRMP currently rolling out the use of weather info in agricultural planning and GAPs in other ASAL districts
Impacts on Policy• Revision of the draft NDM policy to capture CV
& CC issues
• ALRMP implementation of project activities in other ASAL regions
• ALRMP to continue with pilot project activities
• Ministry of Development of Northern Kenya (February 2008) has recalled draft policy on SDASALS to revise and include issues on climate change and adaptation