Review of pages in packet Industry Packet: Part II
Feb 23, 2016
Review of pages in packet
Industry Packet: Part II
Document 1:GROSS EARNINGS OF THE RAILROADS
1.) How much money was earned in 1861? 1879? 1861 - 130,000,000 1879 – 529,012,9992.) What is the difference between 1861 & 1879?Drastically increased by about $400,000,000 3.) What do you think the reason for this difference is?Many more railroads were built due to
industrialization and movement west. More profit was earned because of this. More goods were shipped and more people moved (all paying for this service).
Questions:
INVENTOR’S NAME
YEAR OF INVENTION
INVENTION HOW DID THE INVENTION AFFECT
INDUSTRIALIZATION?
BESSEMER1850 BESSEMER
PROCESSALLOWED THE
PRODUCTION OF STEEL TO BE MUCH FASTER TO MAKE
FACTORIES, BRIDGES, & RAILROADS
EDISON 1878 LIGHT BULB CAN LIGHT FACTORIES CAN RUN
MACHINESReplaces candles
BELL
1876 TELEPHONE CAN COMMUNICATE NEW IDEAS AND
INVENTIONS
WRIGHT BROTHERS
1903 AIRPLANE TRANSPORT GOODS AND PEOPLE
QUICKER
GEORGE PULLMAN
BETWEEN 1860 AND
1870
PULLMAN CAR
NEW PASSENGER AND SLEEPING CARS ALLOWED FOR SAFER AND
MORE COMFORTABLE
TRAVELGEORGE
WESTINGHOUSE
1860’S NEW BRAKES
MADE RAILROAD TRAVEL SAFER
EDWIN DRAKE
1859 A WAY TO PUMP
CRUDE OIL OUT OF THE
GROUND
THIS MADE IT POSSIBLE TO
PUMP THE OIL OUT IN MASS
QUANTITIES, OIL BECOMES BIG
BUSINESSNIKOLAUS
OTTO1876 ENGINE
POWERED BY
GASOLINE
CREATED ANOTHER SOURCE
OF POWER FOR FACTORIES AND
NEW TRANSPORTATION
Document #2: TONS OF STEEL PRODUCED IN THE U.S.
1.) In 1870, how much steel was produced?50,000 tons of steel2.) In 1880, how much steel was produced?1,000,000 tons of steel 3.) What was the reason for the difference (p.
579)?BESSEMER PROCESS sped up the
process to create steel
Questions:
Document 3: Political CartoonFind the page
with this cartoon:
Look at the cartoon: What do you see?
How many things in this picture could you label if I asked you to do so?
1) Who is the man in this cartoon?JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER2) What industry did he control?OIL3) What is made to look like a factory in the background?THE CAPITOL BUILDING, where Congress works 4) What is the message of this cartoon?JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER WAS SO POWERFUL, HE
EVEN CONTROLLED THE GOVERNMENT, too much power
5) What act was passed to try to prevent monopolies? THE SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT
Answers for Document 3
THERE WERE ALSO MANY PROBLEMS CREATED BY INDUSTRIALIZATION
WORKING CONDITIONS:Describe what working conditions were like
below (p. 586). LONG HOURS, LOW WAGES,
DANGEROUS MACHINERY, UNHEALTHY CONDITIONS
Document 4: 1) What type of work is
shown in this picture?COAL MINING2) Describe the worker.YOUNG, DIRTY, SAD3) Describe the
working conditions.DANGEROUS, DIRTY4) What problem is
shown in this picture?CHILD LABOR
Before answering these questions: Watch this youtube video about Upton Sinclair’s book http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2ppaJwQ9UM
QUESTIONS:What was it like working in the factory?DARK, COLD, CHEMICALS EATING THROUGH BOOTSWhat was wrong with Antanas as a result of the working
conditions and what eventually happened to him?BAD COUGH, SORE FEET AND HE EVENTUALLY
COLLAPSED AND DIEDList some of the dangers of working on the killing beds.VERY COLD, BLOODY, SKIN STICKS TO KNIVES,
WORKING FAST WITH KNIVES, POOR VISIBILITY
Document 5: The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
Due to the bad working conditions, workers formed UNIONS.
Sometimes the unions decided to go on STRIKE to get better conditions.
Haymarket Riot What caused the strike: DEMAND FOR 8 HOUR
WORK DAY. WHILE ON STRIKE 2 STRIKERS WERE KILLED. THEN WORKERS WERE PROTESTING THE KILLINGS AND SEVERAL MORE WERE KILLED AND INJURED.
Was the strike successful? NO. UNION MEMBERSHIP DECLINED.
Rest of page 12:
Homestead Strike What caused the strike? COMPANY WANTED TO ADD
NEW MACHINERY THAT WOULD REPLACE WORKERSWas the strike successful? NO. FIGHTING BROKE OUT
AND THE UNION WAS DEFEATED.Pullman StrikeWhat caused the strike? PULLMAN LAID OFF
WORKERS AND CUT THE WAGES OF THOSE THAT REMAINED
Was the strike successful? NO. THE COURT USED THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT AGAINST WORKERS AND STOPPED THE STRIKE.
More page 12
How the Other Half Lives? By Jacob RiisWhy is it so dark in the tenement?SO FEW WINDOWS AND NO ELECTRICITY2.) Where do the people get their water?FIRE HYDRANT 3.) Why does Riis show a difference between the
poor people in the tenements and paupers? THE POOR IN THE TENEMENTS ARE TRYING
TO MAKE A BETTER LIFE FOR THEMSELVES BUT IT’S ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE GIVEN THE CONDITIONS THEY’RE IN.
Document 6
Click on the following link to watch part of a video clip on Jacob Riis
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nac62E1Zmk&list=PL1BA7FEF1361D4E61
The video is about 7 minutes long and will describe life in the cities during this time period
A little bit more about Jacob Riis
What problems are caused by urbanization?Many problems including diseases,
polluted water, poverty, homelessness, overcrowding
Document #7
Document 8: Photo by Jacob Riis1) What were the
living conditions like in the tenements?
DARK, DIRTY, RUN-DOWN, CROWDED, LACK OF LIGHT, SMELLY, UNSAFE
Document 9: Graph Question #2-
Multiple Choice answer: ???
CHOICE 21.) How did
industrialization affect urbanization?
PEOPLE MOVED FROM THE FARMS TO THE CITIES FOR FACTORY JOBS
Read the text: The environmental problem was not serious or widespread until
the eighteenth century and early part of the nineteenth century. This period in history is called the Industrial Revolution, which began in England and spread to other European countries and the United States. The main feature of the Industrial Revolution was the development of factories and overcrowding with factory workers in cities. At that time coal was the prime energy fuel to power most of the factories and to heat most of the homes in the cities. Because of the burning of coal, the air over such industrial cities as London became filled with huge amounts of smoke and soot containing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
An additional problem was poor sanitation facilities, which allowed raw sewage to get into water supplies in some cities. The polluted water caused typhoid fever and other diseases. In the early 1900’s, air pollution in industrial cities in the United States became a particularly serious problem.
Document 10: Environmental Issues
When did environmental problems become serious?18TH AND 19TH CENTURY What caused these problems?OVERCROWDING WITH FACTORY WORKERS IN
CITIES. COAL, How did this affect cities?HUGE AMOUNTS OF SMOKE AND SOOT CONTAINING
SULFUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE. POOR SANITATION FACILITIES, WHICH ALLOWED
RAW SEWAGE TO GET INTO WATER SUPPLIESWhat different types of pollution were there and what
problems did these different types of pollution cause?AIR POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTIONTYPHOID FEVER AND OTHER DISEASESWhat was to blame for this pollution? FACTORIES
Document 10 questions:
Watch this clip from the Story of UShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_8V1mIF
3rQ&list=PL1BA7FEF1361D4E61This clip will tell you all about the building of
the modern city with Carnegie StealAnd if you still have time…http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpq9jPmv
DW4&list=PL1BA7FEF1361D4E61Watch this clip about City workers
If you still have time…