Industrialization 1. Think about a business you would want to own. 2. Make a list of all supplies you would need to purchase in order to run your business.

IndustrializationIndustrialization

1.1. Think about a business you would Think about a business you would want to own.want to own.

2.2. Make a list of all supplies you would Make a list of all supplies you would need to purchase in order to run need to purchase in order to run your business.your business.

3.3. Who’s your competition?Who’s your competition?

4.4. How do you make the most money?How do you make the most money?

Unit 2:Unit 2: Unit IntroductionUnit IntroductionIndustrializationIndustrialization

ImmigrationImmigration&&

UrbanizationUrbanization

1850-19201850-1920

I. Industrialization: I. Industrialization: large companies using machines and cheap labor large companies using machines and cheap labor

to mass produce goodsto mass produce goods

Examples:Examples: FactoriesFactories Mass productionMass production

Positives:Positives: Few wealthy ownersFew wealthy owners Need laborersNeed laborers

Negatives:Negatives: Long hours, little pay, dangerous Long hours, little pay, dangerous

workwork People are replaceablePeople are replaceable Who are we talking about?Who are we talking about?

A. Steel productionA. Steel production

•Important to development

•Bessemer Process-Process to produce steel in large quantities. Blasted compressed air through molten iron to burn out excess carbon impurities.

B. Uses of SteelB. Uses of Steel

•Skyscrapers

•Railroads

•Bridges

C. The “Industrialists”C. The “Industrialists”

1. Andrew Carnegie: 1. Andrew Carnegie: Steel IndustrySteel Industry Scottish immigrant, Scottish immigrant, ““Rags to Riches” storyRags to Riches” story

Worked on the RailroadWorked on the RailroadUS Steel in PittsburgUS Steel in Pittsburg

Today: USXToday: USX

The “Industrialists”The “Industrialists”

2. John D. 2. John D. Rockefeller:Rockefeller:

Oil IndustryOil Industry

Owned 90% of allOwned 90% of all

U.S. oil.U.S. oil.

Standard Oil Standard Oil Company Company (Today: Exxon)(Today: Exxon)

3. Railroad Barons 3. Railroad Barons

Cornelius VanderbiltCornelius VanderbiltJay GouldJay Gould

•Consolidated and combined small lines

•Controlled the lines

4. Banker4. Banker

JP MorganJP Morgan

Known as:Known as: IndustrialistsIndustrialists Robber BaronsRobber Barons Captains of IndustryCaptains of Industry CapitalistsCapitalists

MONOPOLY: One company controlling all the output in an industry.CAPITAL: The OWNERSHIP of the means of productionTRUST: Companies working together to set wages and prices. Share stock and form Corporations.

ImmigrantsImmigrantshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9TfRH-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9TfRH-

atfLQ&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=activeatfLQ&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

II.II. ImmigrationImmigration

to Americato America

Traveling from Traveling from their homes intheir homes in

from Europe and from Europe and AsiaAsia

A. SteamshipsA. Steamships

III. III. UrbanizationUrbanization: : people moving to cities, cities getting larger, people moving to cities, cities getting larger,

causes problemscauses problems

A. A. MechanizationMechanization of Agriculture of Agriculture

Pushes people out Pushes people out of rural areasof rural areas

B. Urban problemsB. Urban problems

1. 1. TenementsTenements: : Apartments that included Apartments that included multiple families in the multiple families in the cities.cities.

C. Public transportation: StreetcarsC. Public transportation: Streetcars