DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt Married Accommodation Project Phase II Jalandhar Cantt SIX MONTH INDUSTRIAL TRAINING SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR Six Month Industrial Training At NKG Infrastructure Ltd, Jalandhar Cantt (From 1 st June 2014 to 30 st Nov. 2014) SUBMITTED BY Suraj Kakkar D4CE2 110152 1283939 Civil Engineering Department GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE LUDHIANA, INDIA 1 Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
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DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Married Accommodation ProjectPhase II Jalandhar Cantt
SIX MONTH INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FORSix Month Industrial Training
At
NKG Infrastructure Ltd, Jalandhar Cantt(From 1st June 2014 to 30st Nov. 2014)
SUBMITTED BY Suraj Kakkar
D4CE2110152
1283939
Civil Engineering Department GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE
LUDHIANA, INDIA
1Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As the professional courses not only require the theoretical knowledge but practical
knowledge too, that is why university started conducting training programs for the
students, so that they can get ample view of practical problems. I find it a matter of
Honor in showing the feeling of indebtedness and thankfulness to the Dr. M.S. Saini,
Director, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana for providing this
opportunity to carry out the six months industrial training.
The constant guidance and encouragement received from Er. K.S.Maan, Dean
Training & Placement cell, has been of great help in carrying out the project work and is
acknowledged with reverential thanks.
It is my privilege to express my profound ineptness, my deep sense of gratitude to
NKG Infrastructure Limited, Ghaziabad for showing trust in me and assigning me
such an important and interesting project and also for sparing time from his schedule to
discuss and clarify issues related to this project.
I sincerely thank to my project guide Er. Money Garg (AGM) for guidance and
encouragement in carrying out this project work. My special thanks to Er. Sukhdev
Ltd. Mr. Kumar is a commerce graduate and associate member of the Institute of Cost &
Works Accountants of India.
Recognitions & Awards
NKG Infrastructure’s technical and project execution capabilities have been well
recognized by various Governmental Bodies, Global Institutions and leading
Infrastructure Developers of India which is reflected in form of awards, empanelment and
certifications. Some of them are:
Registered 'Grade A' Contractor with various State Government & Departments
etc. Chairman of the Company, Mr. N. K. Garg being conferred ‘UDYOG RATTAN’
award by ‘Institute of Economic Studies’ in September, 2007. 3rd CIDC Vishwakarma Award 2011 for the Best Professionally Managed
Company, having turnover exceeding Rs. 1000 Crores from Construction Industry
Development Council – the apex body established by the Planning Commission
of India and the Construction Industry.
9Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Accreditation of ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007. Registration of NKG Infrastructure’s Logo under Trade Mark Act and Copyright
Act.
Projects Undertaken
Up gradation, renovation and new construction in Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium
Complex, New Delhi. Approach Road from SH-127 Junction to Solar Park Phase-I at Patan, Gujrat. Four lanes flyover in Varanasi on Varanasi Cantonment, Mugalsari Road, UP. Four lanes Bridge over the meandering river Assan at Dehradun, Uttarakhand. 1040 units of Low Income Group Houses at Noida, Uttar Pradesh. ESIC Medical College and Staff Housing at Faridabad, Haryana. Construction of dwelling units and allied services for Military Engineering
Services (MES) at Leh and BB Cantt Srinagar. Under Ground Reservoirs & Pipe line for 85 Cusec Ganga Jal Pariyojna at Greter
Noida. Construction of 132KV, 33KV and 220KV Substations throughout the country. Construction Works in Chatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai
Structural Consultant M/S Span Consultant Pvt. Ltd. Noida
Total Value of Project 340 Crores
14Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Date of Commencement Jan. 2011
Date of Completion Extended
Name of Pocket G-A
No of Block 22
Structure Stilt +6
Area of Block 5000sq ft.
Area of Pocket 17.19 Acres
5.0 LOCATION OF PROJECT
Fig.:-3 Location of Project
6.0 SITE LAYOUT PLAN
15Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Fig.:-4 Site Layout Plan
7.0 TRAINING SITE PLAN
The overall site has been divided into three wings: - A, B, C. In each wing there are 7-8
dwelling units. The project manager has allotted wing A for execution and supervision of
work. In wing A the blocks has been numbered as 1 to 7. The area of wing A is 5.20 acres
which is approximately one third of total area.
16Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Fig.:-5 Training Site Plan
8.0 Plan of One Accommodation Block
17Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Fig.:-6 Plan of One Accommodation Block
9.0 Specification of Single Dwelling Unit
Fig.:-7 Plan of Single Dwelling Unit
S.
No.
Location Specification
18Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
1 Mp room Flooring of 400 x 400 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified tiles. Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with flooring. 2 nos. Pressed steel door frames double rebated made out of
1.6mm thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x900 mm and 2100x1000 mm.
Mild steel wire gauge shutter in double rebated door frames. Factory made 35mm thick flush door shutters. 2 nos. Aluminium window of sizes 1350x1800 mm and
900x1800 mm.2 Bedroom 1 Flooring of 400 x 400 x 8 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified
tiles Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with flooring. 1 nos. Pressed steel door frames single rebated made out of
1.25mm thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x1000 mm. 1 nos. Pressed steel door frames double rebated made out of
1.6mm thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x900 mm. Mild steel wire gauge shutter in double rebated door. Factory made 35mm thick flush door . 1 nos. Cupboard with door made of 60x40 mm second class
hardwood and 18mm thick prelaminated particle board. Inner partition also made of the same.
2 nos. Aluminium window of sizes 1000x1050 mm and 800x1200 mm.
1 fan point.3 Bedroom 2 Flooring of 400 x 400 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified tiles
Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with flooring. 1 nos. Pressed steel door frames single rebated made out of
1.25mm thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x1000 mm. 1 nos. Pressed steel door frames double rebated made out of
1.6mm thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x900 mm. Mild steel wire gauge shutter in double rebated door. Factory made 35mm thick flush door . 1 nos. Cupboard with door made of 60x40 mm second class
hardwood and 18mm thick prelaminated particle board. Inner partition also made of the same.
2 nos. Aluminium window of sizes 1000x1050 mm and 800x1200 mm.
1 fan point. 1 tubelight point and 1 cfl point. 1 nos. 5a socket point.
4 Kitchen Flooring of 300 x 300 mm matt finished(non-skid) ceramic rectified tiles.
Dado of 300 x 200 mm glazed ceramic tile upto door height. Pressed steel door frames single rebated made out of 1.25mm
19Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
thick pressed steel sheet and size 2100x900 mm. Aluminium window 900x1200 mm. Factory made 35mm thick flush door shutters. 600 mm wide cooking platform finished with 18mm thick
baroda green stone. Kitchen sink (925x450 mm) with drainage board. Plate rack (750x600x250 mm). 2 nos. 650x600x300mm overhead cabinet made of
prelaminated particle board. Cabinet below cooking platform made of prelaminated particle
board. Exhaust fan (300x300 mm). 1 nos. Tubelight. 1 nos. 5 a socket and 1 nos. 15 a socket.
5 Toilet 1 Flooring of 300 x 300 mm rough finish ceramic rectified tiles. Dado upto door height of 300 x 200 mm glazed ceramic tile. 1 nos. Pvc door shutter with frame 2100x800 mm. 1 nos. Aluminium window 600x1200 mm. 1 nos. Water closet pedestal pattern with plastic seat cover, jet
spray and pvc cistern. 1 nos. Wash hand basin 550x400 mm with centre hole basin
mixer. Towel ring and towel rail 1 nos. Each. Wall mixer non telephonic, shower rose and ablution tap 1 nos.
6 Toilet 2 Flooring of 300 x 300 mm rough finish ceramic rectified tiles. Dado upto door height of 300 x 200 mm glazed ceramic tile. 2 nos. Pvc door shutter with frame 2100x800 mm. 1 nos. Aluminium window 600x1200 mm. 1 nos. Water closet anglo indian pattern with plastic seat cover,
jet spray and pvc cistern. 1 nos. Wash hand basin 550x400 mm with centre hole basin
mixer. Wall mixer non telephonic, shower rose and ablution tap 1 nos. 1 nos. Looking mirror 450x600mm and glass tray. 1 nos. Fresh air fan 200x200mm. 2 nos. Corner glass shelves.
7 Lobby Flooring of 400 x 400 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified tiles.
20Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with floorings8 Dry out
balcony Flooring of 300 x 300 mm matt finished(non-skid) ceramic
rectified tiles. Dado upto 900/1200 mm height of 300 x 200 mm glazed
ceramic tile. Railing on the circumference with 20x20 mm square bar. 1 no. Cfl point. 1 nos. 5 a socket point.
9 Balcony (bedroom)
Flooring of 400 x 400 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified tiles. Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with flooring. Railing on the circumference with 20x20 mm square bar. 1 nos. Ceiling mounted light point.
10 Balcony (mp room)
Flooring of 400 x 400 mm matt glazed ceramic rectified tiles. Skirting 100 mm high of rectified tiles matching with flooring. Railing on the circumference with 20x20 mm square bar. 1 nos. Ceiling mounted light point.
11 Staircase &staircase lobby
Flooring of 25mm thick machine cut and polished kota stone of size 550x550mm.
25mm thick machine cut single piece kota stone for stair. 100mm machine cut kota stone for skirting
12 Internal finish
3 coats of white wash in lofts and scooter shed. 2 coats of oil bound distemper over one coat of primer over
one coat of wall putty over two coats of primer over plaster surface except in lofts and scooter shed.
Two coats of synthetic enamel paint over a coat of pink primer on wooden surface.
Two coats of synthetic enamel paint over a coat of red oxide primer on steel surface.
14 External finish
15 mm thick washed stone grit plaster in 1:1/2:2 in panels withgrooves over a layer of 12 mm thick cement plaster in cm 1:4 including scrubbing and washing top layer with brushes and water to expose stone chipping as per architectural elevation.
10.0 STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION WORK
These are the steps which are mainly followed for the begging of construction.
1) Types of building:-First select the type of building whatever we want to construct,
depending on the need like villas, flats, apartments, penthouses, malls, industrial
buildings or group housing.
21Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
2) Site Selection: - Site for construction of building can be selected according to the
space required and whatever the area and the people demands, in accordance with the
population and bearing in mind the geographical and industrial point of view for
further development.
3) Survey: - By survey we measure all the dimensions and plot the real position or place
wherever we want to construct our structure. This includes many aspects like
financial survey, economical survey, topographical survey etc. etc.
4) Site Investigation: -By this we investigate about the type of the soil, bearing capacity
of the soil, nature of the bed, the topographical feature of the area, which in turn helps
the structural designer to design the footing for our project.
5) Architectural Drawings: - Architectural drawings are the heart to the project, which
is the master document or the copy with which we have to stick completely and do
accordingly; these drawings have all the plans and construction details about the
particular project.
6) Structure Design: - Structural Designer is that person who gives life to an
Architectural Drawing; it infuses the correct data and interpret the correct meaning
which an Engineer knows. He suggests the type of foundation, columns, beams and
slabs etc. which are needed for the construction and also provides the amount of steel
and its size.
7) Construction: - After all these steps, Construction of the proposed project starts. The
construction is done at the site in which different section is divided like Civil, Electric
and Mechanical work.
11.0 Methodology of Work
22Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
a) Site Clearance: - The very first step is site clearance which involves removal of grass
and vegetation along with any other objections which might be there in the site location.
b) Positioning of Central coordinate and layout: - The centre point was marked with
the help of a TOTAL STATION, thread and plumb bob as per the grid drawing. With
respect to this center point, all the other points of columns were to be decided so its exact
position is very critical.
c) Excavation: - Excavation was carried out both manually as well as mechanically.
Adequate precautions are taken to see that the excavation operations do not damage the
adjoining structures. Excavation is carried out providing adequate side slopes and
dressing of excavation bottom. The soil present beneath the surface was too clayey so it
was dumped and was not used for back filling. The filling is done in layer not exceeding
20 cm layer and then it’s compacted. Depth of excavation was 2.0 meter from Ground
Level. There are some points which should be kept in mind at the time of excavation:-
1. Upon identifying warning tape of any service, mechanical excavation shall be stopped
and manual excavation shall be done.
2. In areas where the trench is close to the buildings, depending on the type of
foundation of the building, shoring shall be done by planking, strutting or trench
sheets.
3. In other areas it will be stepped open excavation with battered slopes.
4. Dewatering system shall continue to run until backfilling is completed up to the level
of the natural water table.
5. Bottom of the trench shall be cleaned, free of loose material; rock projections and the
surface will be leveled and moistened uniformly before commencing compaction.
Leveled bottom surface shall be compacted as per the specification.
23Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Fig.:-8 Excavation Fig.:-9 Layouts Marking
d) Laying of P.C.C. (Plain Cement Concrete):- After the process of excavation, laying
of plain cement concrete that is PCC is done. A layer of 100mm with projection was
made in such a manner that it was not mixed with the soil. It provides a solid base for the
raft foundation and a mix of 1:4:8 that is, 1 part of cement to 4 parts of fine aggregates
and 8 parts of coarse aggregates by weight were used in it. Plain concrete is vibrated to
achieve full compaction. Concrete placed below ground should be protected from falling
earth during and after placing. When joint in a layer of concrete are unavoidable, and end
is sloped at an angle of 30 and junctions of different layers break joint in laying upper
layer of concrete. The lower surface is made rough and clean watered before upper layer
is laid.
Fig.-10 Laying of P.C.C.
24Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
e) Raft Foundation: - At our site, Raft foundations are used to spread the load from a
structure over a large area, normally the entire area of the structure. Normally raft
foundation is used when large load is to be distributed and it is not possible to provide
individual footings due to space constraints that are they would overlap on each other.
They are often needed on soft or loose soils with low bearing capacity as they can spread
g) Laying of Stair and Lift: - A series of steps or flight of steps that go from one level to
another is called stair. The form work can be made up with plywood or framing lumber.
The first step is to cut the side forms according to the drawing. Add wooden member as
bracing against the outward movement and depending on the width of stair additional
bracing should be provided at centre. Make sure that the forms are plumb and level
31Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
before proceeding further. After that concrete is prepared from R.M.C. and poured into
Frame work. Concrete should be poured from the bottom step. Once you pour it, it should
be spread evenly. Use a spade or a rod to remove trapped air bubbles. A screed board is a
piece of lumber somewhat longer than width is used for the finishing purpose. Last step is
curing, it can be done be gunny bags or by pounding method.
Lift is a vertical access that moves up and down inside a building and carries
peoples from one floor to another floor. The lift frame is made of R.C.C. and construction
method is same as other member. There is one precaution must be considered that it
should be vertical straight and leveled. The formwork should be strong enough to take the
dead load and live load during construction. It should be watertight and easily removed
after placing of concrete.
Specification of Stair & Lift
Dia. Of Stair Slab Bar:- 12mm@120c/c
Dia. of Lift Bar:- 10mm@150c/c both side
Dia. of Stirrups’ bar:- 8mm@150C/C(COL.)
Grade of Concrete:- M25 (1:1:2)
Grade of Steel:- Fe500D
Clear Cover:- 50mm
Lap Length:- 40 ɸ
Steel Quantity of lift :- 489 Kg
Steel Quantity of Stair :- 275 Kg including Landing
Fig
:-17 Stair and Reinforcement of Lift
32Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
12.0 Establishment at Site
Establishment refers to recruitment of permanent or temporary work force in the
department of engineer, office staff, skilled and unskilled for carrying out works.
Construction industry can only function steadily and satisfactory if there is a good rapport
and co-operative relationship between the construction workers and their employers.
Permanent establishment
Permanent establishment constitutes employee working against the sanctioned permanent
posts in the department, drawing the regular pay bill without any time limit.
The permanent establishment include:-
Assistant General Manager Accountant Project Manager Site incharge Engineers Lab incharge and store incharge.
Temporary Establishment
Temporary establishment are the employees recruited directly for the actual execution of
a specific work and whose pay is directly charged to the work for which they are
employed.
The temporary establishment include:-
Supervisor Masons Bar benders Electricians Labourers
Labour Status
Month Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov
Strength 290 303 310 388 390
13.0 Information about Employees
33Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Sr. No Name Qualification Designation Experience1 Money Garg M-Tech Director General
ManagerSix Year Experience inField of Management
2 Sukhdev Singh B-Tech Project manager Ten Year Experience inField of construction
3 Shubham B-Tech Billing Engineer Three Year Experiencein Field of construction
4 Sushil Kumar Graduation License Incharge Six Year Experience inField of construction
5 Rakesh Kumar B-Tech Electric Engineer Ten Year Experience inField of construction
6 Dinesh Kumar M.A. Store Incharge Six Year Experience inField of construction
7 Logar Singh Diploma Lab Incharge Thirty Year Experiencein Field of construction
8 Atul Kumar Diploma Site Engineer Six Year Experience inField of Construction
9 Manoj Kumar Diploma Supervisor Three Year Experiencein Field of Construction
10 Anil kumar Diploma Supervisor Three Year Experiencein Field of Construction
11 Sandeep Diploma Supervisor Three Year Experiencein Field of Construction
12 Mahendrpal Diploma Supervisor Three Year Experiencein Field of Construction
14.0 Information about Material
The various materials used for constructing and supporting the building are termed as
Building Materials. The different building materials in use such as soil, aggregates,
34Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
cement, sand and steel are to be tested before using them in building construction. The
materials which are used at site as below:-
a) Cement: - Cement is a binding material that has cohesive and adhesive property in the
presence of water. There are two type of cement is used at the site-1)OPC 43(Ordinary
Portland cement) 2) PPC (Pozzolona Portland cement).The company name is SHREE
ULTERA CEMENT. The capacity of one bag is 35liter or 50Kg bag and area is 0.3square
meter. OPC cement is used in the construction of foundation, column, beam and slab.
PPC cement is used for the finishing work like plastering, pointing and brick work.
Curing period for the OPC is 28 days and for PPC is 90 days so that’s why OPC cement
is used for structure parts. Cement is to be store in WARE HOUSE the capacity of site
ware house is 5000 bags. The rate of one bag is 260 rupees for the company.
Fig-18 Ware House
b) Brick: - An artificial masonry unit in the form of rectangular block of prepared clay is
called a brick. The main constituents of brick are Alumina, Silica and lime. The standard
size of brick is 190X90X90mm but at the site size of brick is 220X110X75mm.The site
brick is considered in Category ‘B’ which is irregular in shape and strength lies more than
75kg/cm2.The quantity of bricks in one cubic meter is 500No.The main points which
should be kept in made while laying are Brick should not construct more than 5 feet in
35Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
one day. Frog should be placed at the top face for proper bonding. It should not break
when it is fall from height of 3feet.The rate of brick is 4000rupess per 100 no.
Fig.-19 Brick Stock
c) Sand and Aggregate: - Sand is a filling material which is used in concrete, mortar and
plastering. Sand is basically consisting of small grains of silica which is formed by the
decomposition of sandstones due to various effects of weather. The sand which is used at
sites coming from Phtankoat river of two sizes-fine sand and coarse sand(lies2.36-
4.75).There is one factor which effects batching i.e. Bulking of sand. The presence of
moisture in sand increases the volume of sand. This is due to the fact that moisture causes
film of water around sand particles which results in the increase of volume of sand.
Fig.-20 Sand and Aggregate
Mix Proportion=M20 (1:1.5:3) and 18% bulk age and volume of one bag is 35 liters.
according to that volume of sand required is 70 liters but due to bulking volume of sand
36Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
required 70 x 118/100 = 82.5 liters. From we can see that there is too much effect on
volume of sand.
Aggregate are the inert material which forms the bulk of cement concrete. The
aggregate are bound together by mean of cement. The size of aggregate which is used at
the site is 10mm and 20mm.The rate of 10mm aggregate is 23.5 rupees per cubic
feet(920rupees per cubic meter) and 20mm aggregate is 22 rupees per cubic feet(780
rupees per cubic meter).There are three types of aggregate according to shape is Rounded
aggregate, Angular aggregate and irregular aggregate. The shape of aggregate at site is
angular because it provides good bonding.
d) Steel: - Steel is most commonly used as reinforcing material as tension member
because is satisfying all characteristics requirement for an ideal reinforcing material.
There are basically four grade which are available in market of HYSD group is Fe415,
Fe415D, Fe500, Fe500D, Fe550, Fe550D, Fe600. The grade which is used at the site is
500D of sizes 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm. Size of 8mm,10mm and 12mm
is used in slab and 16mm,20mm is used in beam and column. Due to ribs present on steel
bars, it develops good bond with concrete.
Fig.-21 Steel
The strength of grade 500 and 500D is same but the difference is only there is
elongation. 500D grade has more percentage elongation as compared to Fe500. TATA
steel has introduced Fe500D grade in market with percentage elongation of 16% more as
compared to Fe500.The rate of steel is 48000 rupees per tonne i.e.48 rupees per Kg. The
company of steel which is used at site is TATA, SAIL, and BHEL. The steel is coming in
37Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
form of coil less than 12mm which is shown in figure. As the size of steel is decrease, the
rate is increase.
e) Admixture: - Admixture is the materials which are used to improve the quality of
concrete. The admixture which is used at the is coming from STP Limited company. The
capacity of one drum is 250 Kg and rate of one Kg. is 30 rupees. This admixture is helps
to increase the setting time and maintain the strength of concrete.
Fig.-22 Admixture Tank
F) Miscellaneous: - Miscellaneous materials are those which are also important except
basic materials. There are numbers of materials which are used for construction at site
which are:-
1) Plastic pipes 2) G.I. pipes 3) Electric Wires 4) Fiber Sheets5) Bitumen 6) Water proofing7) Termite proofing 8) Fire resistance 9) Paint and Varnish 10) Glass 11) Wooden Doors 12) Chips13) Marble 14) POP
15.0 Information about Rates
Sr. No. Material Company Rate
38Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
1.0 Cement Shri Ultra Tech Limited 260/-bag
2.0 Coarse Sand Phtankoat 920/-cubic meter
3.0 Fine Sand Phtankoat 780/-cubic meter
4.0 10mm aggregate Phtankoat crusher 850/-cubic meter
5.0 20mm aggregate Phtankoat crusher 780/-cubic meter
6.0 Steel TATA,SAIL,BHEl 48000/-tonne
7.0 Brick Local company 3400/-1000brick
8.0 Admixture STP Limited 30/- Kg
9.0 Chips Local Company 900/-Tonne
10.0 Battens N.K.G.company 3"x2"x10" 150/-piece
11.0 Scaffolding and Shuttering N.K.G. Company 5800/-tonne
12.0 White Cement Shree Ultra 20/-Kg
16.0 Information about Test
There are number of tests which are performed at the site on different material. The tests
which we have performed at the site are below:-
39Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
a) Slump Test: - This test is used to check the workability of concrete at site. Steel mould
is used which is in the form of frustum of cone whose dimensions are 300mm at bottom
dia., 200mm at top dia. and height is 100mm.
Observation and calculations:-
Proportion of sample = M25
Water Cement Ratio = 0.446
Slump Value = 105mm
Standard Value
Sr. No. Slump value Degree of Workability Uses at site1 Less than 25 Very Low Precast work2 25-75 Low Road pavement3 75-100 Medium R.C.C footing4 Greater than 100 High Column, beam
Result- Our sample is coming in category 4. When concrete is transported through pump
then its value should be taken more as to standard.
Fig.-23 Slump Test
b) Bulking of Sand: - The increase in volume of sand due to presence of surface
moisture up to certain extent is known as bulking of sand. The bulking of sand has
importance when batching is done by volume. Bulked sand occupies more volume than
dry sand. To compensate the bulking effect, extra sand is added. Otherwise concrete mix
becomes deficient in sand and will have tendency to segregate. The observation is as
follow:-
Observation and calculation:-
40Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Height of loose sand = 150mm
Height of saturated sand = 144 mm
Percentage of Bulking = 4.16%
Result:- Value of bulking of sand is 4.16%. This value should not be greater than 5% as
per standard.
Fig.-24 Bulking of Sand
c) Compressive Test: - The compressive strength of a cube is an indication of the
strength of concrete. With the help of this we can check the characteristics strength of
concrete. The size of cube is taken as 15cm3. At least three specimen should be made for
testing which is to be performed at 7, 21, 28 days.
Observation and calculations:-
Proportion of concrete = M25
Cross-section Area = 15x15=225 cm3
Breaking Load = 770 KN
Compressive strength after 28 days = 34.2 KN/mm2
Result:- Compressive Strength of concrete sample after 28 days is 34.2N/mm2. Whereas
strength requirement is 25 N/mm2, hence tested sample is safe.
41Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana
DG MAP Phase-II, Jalandhar Cantt
Fig.-25 Compressive Strength of Concrete
d) Silt Content: - Silt is a material of particle sizes between 0.002mm to 0.06mm. It is
usually found in sands obtained from natural sources such as river bed. If it is present in
excess quantity then is preventing a bond between cement and aggregate. Silt value is to
be increase more than 6% by volume. This test is to be easily performed in beaker of size
250ml.
Observation and Calculation:-
Height of sample = 150ml
Height of silt after 3 hours = 6ml
Percentage of Silt = 4%
Result:- Its value does not increase more than 6% by volume.
e) Weight of Steel: - This is a field test which is performed on steel to check wt. meter
length because there are number of impurities will be added in the materials due to
temperature variations so that its wt. will varies from the standard value. There is a