Indoor Air Quality in Nail Salons Cora Roelofs, ScD and Tuan Do, MD University of Massachusetts Lowell Thu Truong Vietnamese-American Initiative for Development Boston, MA American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exhibition Philadelphia, PA June 6, 2007
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Indoor Air Quality in Nail SalonsCora Roelofs, ScD and
Tuan Do, MD University of Massachusetts
LowellThu Truong
Vietnamese-American Initiative for Development
Boston, MA
American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exhibition
Philadelphia, PA June 6, 2007
An IAQ consultant, a NIOSH HHE investigator, a city health inspector and a breast cancer
activist walk into a nail salon……..
Are nail salons an indoor environment, a tradtional
workplace, or a public/consumer health concern?
Indoor Air Concerns• Office or other “building” environments• Low concentrations of mixed volatile organic
compounds (ppb range)• Odors and complaints• Adequate general ventilation, esp. fresh air• Health effects, esp. respiratory irritation,
headaches– Range of susceptibilities– Subjective symptoms of being unwell
Hospital grade disinfectants n/a Allergens Source: (Feeney, 2002); ACGIH, 2002 TLVs® and BEIs®; NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards; numerous nail products MSDS available at www.siri.org;
Nail Products: Chemical Ingredients, Exposure Standards and Potential Health Effects, con’t
Potential Exposures?
Worker Exposures
• Limited evaluation
• “Low levels” by PEL standards– Measured exposures
P r e v a le n c e o f w o r k - r e la te d r e s p ir a to r y s y m p to m s
P r e v a le n c e r a te r a t io (P R ) & P -v a lu e
A ir q u a l i ty B a d 1 2 6 7 % P R = 3 .2 ; E x a c t = 0 .0 0 3 * G o o d 5 8 2 1 % - - - F r e s h a ir N o t e n o u g h 1 4 6 4 % P R = 3 .1 ; E x a c t = 0 .0 0 3 * E n o u g h 5 7 2 1 % - - - C h e m ic a ls in a ir Y e s 4 1 2 7 % P R = 0 .8 ; C h is q = 0 .5 N o 3 0 3 3 % - - - A ir B r o u g h t in F r o m O u ts id e Y e s 5 9 2 5 % P R = 2 .0 ; E x a c t= 0 .1 6 N o 1 2 5 0 % - - - V e n t i la t io n D e v ic e s in S a lo n Y e s 3 8 1 8 % C h is q = 0 .0 1 6 * N o 3 1 4 5 % - - - C o n c e r n e d a b o u t C h e m ic a ls V e ry /S o m e w h a t 5 5 3 6 % P R = 5 .5 ; E x a c t= 0 .0 3 * N o t c o n c e rn e d 1 5 7 % - - - A n y o n e S m o k e a t W o r k Y e s 4 5 0 % P R = 1 .8 ; E x a c t= 0 .0 3 * N o 6 7 2 8 % - - -
Association between Self-Reported Exposures and Respiratory Symptoms
Usual Controls?
Prevention and Controls(Boston survey, n=71)
• 59 (83%): said that there was fresh air from the outside
OPI removes carcinogen from nail care productsThe salon supplier says it has changed its formula to end the use of toluene in its polishes.
By Abigail GoldmanTimes Staff Writer
March 30, 2007
A San Fernando Valley nail polish maker that is a major supplier to salons across the country said that it had removed the chemical toluene from its products.
The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics had asked OPI Products Inc. to remove toluene, formaldehyde and dibutyl phthalate, or DBP, from its products.
In a letter to an activist group, OPI also said it had stopped using DBP and was looking for alternatives to formaldehyde.
Combined Response• Reduce toxicity, volatility/odor and hazard
potential of nail salon products!• LEV for dust
– shrouded mechanical nail files used in podiatry• Improve general ventilation
– 25 cfm fresh air– Dedicated exhaust
• Discourage use of infection control masks– Encourage N95 with odor control?