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Indonesia
Solid Waste Management Improvement Project for Regional and
Metropolitan Cities
(P127134)
English Summary Sheet for the Bahasa Indonesia Environmental
Impact Assessment
Report
City of Sekber Kartamantul Landfill - TPA Piyungan
Background
1. The attached report is the Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) for the Sekber Kartamantul1 Landfill. The landfill known as
TPA Piyagun, is operated by the Yogyakarta Special
Administrative
Region, jointly managed by Yogyakarta City, Sleman Regency, and
Bantul Regency, and coordinated by the joint secretariat (aka
Sekber), Kartamantul since 1995. Piyagun landfill is situated
approximately
12km southeast of the center of Yogyakarta City, located close
to the village of Sitimulyo, in Piyungan
District of Bantul Regency. The landfill is operated by
representatives of these three local governments on a three year
basis, rotating between the three authority areas and it is
currently with Bantul. It is
approximately 12.5ha and was originally filled in three zones,
where: Zone I has an area of 4 hectares,
Zone II has an area of 3 hectares and Zone III has an area of 3
hectares. The remaining 2.5ha includes the
site office, reception facilities, leachate treatment facility,
garages etc.
2. The EIA report was prepared by the City of Yogyakarta and
approved by the national environmental agency in July 30, 2008.
3. TPA Piyungan is one of the project sites for the Indonesia
Solid Waste Management Improvement Project for Regional and
Metropolitan Cities (the project, P127134) and the attached EIA
Report provides initial baseline and critical design information
for this site. Therefore, the attached EIA report is one of the
documents in a package of safeguards documents, used to appraise
the project.
4. The attached EIA report covers the environmental impacts and
the intended management practice at the time rehabilitation and
installation of gas recovery systems works for TPA Piyungan was
being
planned.
5. The main environmental concerns on TPA Piyungan are: (i)
levels of leachate treatment at the landfills and the effluent is
in non-compliance with the Indonesian wastewater discharge
standards for
their respective receiving waters; (ii) possible groundwater
pollution due to poor facilities’ design and
inadequate/lack of equipment (aerators, insufficient filter
capacity, leaking pipes that discharge near a stream at the
landfill boundary rather than into the treatment works), improper
solid waste and leachate
containment (e.g. no liner and drainage system), having poor
site protection and achieving limited
treatment; (iii) air pollution due to odor and to lack of proper
landfill gas management system, thus, enhancing GHGs generation
during the decomposition of waste, which are released to the
atmosphere.
1 Sekber Kartamantul is the joint secretariat that administers
the shared (i.e. regional) landfill facility for the three
neighboring local governments of the Kabupaten Bantul, Kabupaten
Sleman and the City of Yogyakarta. The three local governments are
all
located in the Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region, of
Central Java, and have a combined population of 2.4million
people
(2012).
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Further, there are overall EH&S concerns at the transfer
stations and intermediate treatment facilities for
operators, waste pickers and other citizens living in the
vicinity, as there is lack of standard operating procedures for the
entire SWM system and no public awareness on EHS aspects (e.g.,
staff are not
wearing safety gear), iv) In addition a large number of cows -
with estimates varying from five hundred to
more than one thousand - can be found on TPA Piyungan. The
removal of livestock from the landfill is a
potential livelihood issue for the owners.
6. An Environmental Audit is being prepared to review the
current status of TPA Piyagun. An Addendum to the attached EIA is
also being prepared that will specifically address the project
related
impacts and management plans.
7. A project wide Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), site
specific Social Assessments and site specific Resettlement Action
Plans (RAPs) are also being prepared to specifically address the
project
needs.
8. The full lists of documents in the safeguards package for the
project are listed here in Table 1.0
Project Information
9. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to support
improvements to solid waste management systems and services to
residents, in the participating cities through selective
interventions in
waste minimization, separation, treatment and disposal.
10. The direct beneficiaries would be the governments of the
four cities, Balikpapan, Manado, Tangerang and Sekber
Kartamantul
2 that are participating in the project, particularly the
agencies
responsible for solid waste management in each city.
11. More broadly, the ultimate beneficiaries would be the
residents of these cities who will receive much improved solid
waste services. These include the poor, in whose communities these
facilities are
mostly hosted and who are often the ones working and earning a
living from this sector.
12. The PDO will be achieved through the implementation of the
following project components.
13. Component A: Improvements in Solid Waste Management Systems
($110m), these funds would be on-granted to the participating
municipalities and would finance the following sub-component
activities:
14. Sub-Component A1 - Landfill Sites - the re-engineering to
optimize disposal and/or rehabilitation and/or closure of existing
landfill/disposal sites, construction of new state of the art
sanitary
landfill cells within the existing landfill area (equipped with
leachate treatment plants, heavy equipment such as compactors and
bulldozers, facilities for staff/operator).
15. Sub-Component A2 - Intermediate Treatment Facilities – these
could be on landfill sites or at intermediate/transfer sites.
Financing would be for waste treatment systems (such as Material
Recovery
Facilities (MRF), composting plants, anaerobic digesters,
landfill gas to energy/flaring plants, refuse
derived fuels (RDF) and or other treatment systems as
appropriate) and transfer stations.
2 Sekber Kartamantul - is the joint administration for the
regional facility, shared by the City of Yogyakarta, and the
Regencies of Sleman and Bantul.
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16. Sub-Component A3 - 3Rs Systems - The 3R approach (reduce,
reuse, recycle) will be incorporated in the design and
infrastructure works to minimize waste generation rates at the
household level and local markets, and subsequently lowering
collection, transfer and disposal costs, and extending
the life of the landfills. The 3R’s approach is based on a Waste
Bank ( Bank Sampah) methodology
providing direct services to the poor This sub-component will
finance activities to further strengthen and increase coverage of
this approach in participating local governments, particularly in
the poor areas of the
participating cities. A Results-Based Financing (RBF) mechanism
is also being designed and integrated
into this sub-component to incentivize achievement for higher
performance of this 3R’s approach. The
RBF scheme will provide incentive payments retroactively to
encourage waste diversion from landfills, and so will extend the
life of the landfill, and will encourage recycling and reuse of
waste.
17. Component B: Implementation Support and Advisory Services
($30m). This component is expected to be co-financed by donor
grants. The GoI has agreed to request support from SECO
3 to
finance this component.
18. Sub-Component B1 – Implementation Support ($27.5m) - will
(i) finance detailed Engineering Designs (DED’s) as needed, the
technical assistance and support required to implement the
project, and to put in place a strengthened institutional
framework required for a more sustainable operations and
maintenance system going forward, (ii) provide support to establish
a country-wide
carbon/climate finance activity for the solid waste management
sector as a whole to coordinate market-
based carbon revenue generation opportunities, and (iii) include
funding for setting up a publically accessible information based
National Solid Waste Benchmarking System (NSWBS).
19. Sub-Component B2 – Management Systems ($2.5m) will finance
information based management systems in each participating
city.
20. Component C: Social Development Component ($5m). This
component will address the social needs of waste pickers and
affected host community members, including owners of livestock.
Challenges
related to resettlement/land acquisition and the potential loss
of livelihood for waste pickers and livestock
owners will be comprehensively addressed to help improve their
social development outcomes. This
component will not finance any physical investments or works
associated with landfill workers or livestock, as these need to be
integrated into the landfill operations as a whole and are thus
included in
Component A. This component will finance training, continuous
consultations with affected households,
participatory activities and potentially a fund to address major
social concerns during project implementation. As with Component B,
this component is also expected to be co-financed by the same
donor grants.
21. Project Costs and Financing
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Project
Component
Preliminary Cost Estimates
Source of Financing
(US$ millions)
IDR trillions US$ millions GoI IBRD Source TBC
by Appraisal
A
0.9900 110.00 10.00 95.00 -
B
0.270 30.00 25.00 - 10.00
C
0.045 5.00 - 5.00
Total 1.305 145.00 35.00 100.00 10.00
22. Project Specific Environmental and Social Safeguards Issues
– The project triggers the following World Bank safeguards
policies;
Environmental Assessment OP4.01
Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12
23. Consistent with the requirements of OP4.01, the project has
been assigned an EA Category A.
24. The project is expected to have important significant
positive environmental impacts in the participating cities as
investments to improve waste collection, transportation and
disposal infrastructure
are made, as the institutions that provide and regulate this
service are reformed and the quality of this
service begins to improve overtime. These positive impacts will
gradually begin to occur as coverage and
collection rates increase, improvements to landfill operations
are realized especially from the introduction of sanitary
conditions and better functioning leachate treatment systems that
comply with best practice
effluent standards, and larger waste volumes are treated through
appropriate technological solutions.
25. These improvements in the service and the associated
positive impacts will ultimately lower the public health risk
profile of the cities and may possibly begin to halt and even begin
to reverse the
environmental damage that has been the legacy of the sector for
too long in these participating cities. Public awareness among city
residents about the importance of proper waste separation,
recycling and
disposal will be required for these benefits to be realized.
26. Notwithstanding, the proposed project will have adverse
environmental impacts arising primarily during the construction
stage (Component A) when activities such as, (i) upgrading existing
sanitary
landfills through rehabilitation of leachate treatment systems
and waste treatment plants (e.g., anaerobic digesters, RDF) and
(ii) excavations of old waste and construction of new sanitary
cells including
installation of landfill gas collection within the same premises
are going on. These construction activities
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may led to the temporary air, land and water (surface and
ground) pollution as potentially harmful
substances are moved around and released, especially as most of
these landfill sites have suffered years of environmental
pollution.
27. Environmental concerns will also arise during the operations
and maintenance stage, albeit far less severe that during the
construction stage. While most of these impacts are expected to be
contained
within and around the sites where they occur, some impacts, such
as air pollution impacts could be more
widespread.
28. Involuntary Resettlement: Land acquisition and/or physical
resettlement may be necessary for some investments related to the
expansion of collection sites.
29. Impacts on Livelihoods: Project interventions including
landfill engineering, expansion and intermediate treatment
facilities (ITF) will potentially have negative livelihood
implications for waste
pickers, small-scale buyers and host communities.
30. Livestock: In addition a large number of cows - with
estimates varying from five hundred to more than one thousand - can
be found on TPA Piyungan. The removal of livestock from the
landfill is a potential livelihood issue for the owners, and
mitigation measures will be developed.
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Table 1 – Summary of Safeguards Package of Documents
4 Attached to this summary sheet
Safeguards
Document
Balikpapan
Manado
Sekber
Kartamantul
Tangerang
4Original Andal
(EA) produced
when landfill sites
were first developed
and the Revised
Andal
Addendum to EA
Report above
Environment Audit
Report
Revised and
Updated RKL and
RPL
Social Assessment
(SA)
Resettlement Policy
Framework
(RPF)
Livelihood
Restoration Plan
(LRP)
Livestock
Management Plan
(LMP)
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Disclosure Summary Sheet for Sekber Kartamantul.pdfUKL UPL
Pemanfaatan Gas Metan TPA Piyungan 2008.pdf