NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Islanded Grid Wind Diesel Conference March 6, 2015 Anchorage, AK Brian Hirsch, PhD Senior Project Leader NaEonal Renewable Energy Laboratory www.nrel.gov [email protected]SuEyo Siswanto Senior Manager for Hydro Energy New and Renewable Energy Division PT PLN (Persero) Head Office Milosz Mogilnicki Resident Advisor to PLN U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Technical Assistance Indonesia Energy Overview / Market Opportunities
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NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC
Islanded Grid Wind Diesel Conference March 6, 2015 Anchorage, AK Brian Hirsch, PhD Senior Project Leader NaEonal Renewable Energy Laboratory www.nrel.gov [email protected] SuEyo Siswanto Senior Manager for Hydro Energy New and Renewable Energy Division PT PLN (Persero) Head Office Milosz Mogilnicki Resident Advisor to PLN U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Technical Assistance
Indonesia Energy Overview / Market Opportunities
Total Hydro 3,523 MW Geothermal 439 MW Steam-turbine
PLN has an extensive generaHon porIolio with total installed capacity of 30,583 MW across Indonesia. PLN purchases 5,427 MW from IPPs on top of its own capacity.
Sumatera Kalimantan
Sulawesi
Maluku Papua
NTT NTB Java-‐Bali
PLN GeneraHon Network
PLN Cost of GeneraHon
Sumatera Kalimantan
Sulawesi
Maluku Papua
NTT NTB Java-‐Bali
$0.30/kWh
$0.34/kWh
$0.27/kWh
$0.28/kWh
$0.33/kWh
$0.38/kWh
Average cost of generaHon $0.12 / kWh Average electricity price $0.072 / kWh Cost of generaHon in insolated areas can be up to $0.45/kWh
$9.7 Billion Electricity Subsidy
$0.40/kWh
OpportuniHes -‐ Cost Savings
Other Benefits: • Scalability -‐ RE systems are scalable thus applicable for use as
distribuHve generaHon for remote and isolated grids, where convenHonal energy is too expensive (diesel) or too big (coal)
• Power security -‐ lower dependence on oil
Cost of GeneraHon in remote area $0.35 LCOE for RE systems* $0.07-‐$0.25 Cost of GeneraHon Savings $$$
* Based on GOI FiT and other incenHves
OpportuniHes -‐ Resources
Renewable Energy Resources PotenHal PLN Planned Capacity
1
Hydro
75 GW
624 MW
Mini -‐ Hydro 418 MW
Micro -‐ Hydro 186 MW
2 Solar Pv 4,80 kWh/m2/day 22 MW
3 Wind 3 – 6 m/s 1.87 MW
4 Ocean 49 GW 0,01 MW
6 Geothermal 29 GW 1.2 GW
7 Biomass/Biogass 49 GW 500 MW
ICED’s Project Pipeline Sites (as of December 2013)
SERIG Project Broad ObjecHves
ü Demonstrate the value of RE/EE technology soluEons that enable economically sustainable energy market alternaEves
ü Support the development of a naEonal-‐level policy framework to foster private investment in RE throughout remote areas
ü Mobilize private investment in RE and EE projects, parEcularly by working to foster market potenEal for companies
ü Leverage and promote further engagement with exisEng clean energy efforts in Indonesia
ü Develop a replicaEon plan for accelerated RE and EE deployment across hundreds of other remote grids in Indonesia.
Demonstrate business cases for high-‐penetraEon renewable energy and energy efficient technologies to replace diesel generaEon on selected islands and remote
grids
Project RaHonale and ObjecHves
Ra#onale: § High cost of diesel powered electricity esp. for remote island grids and
relaEvely low levels of electrificaEon § Clean energy and energy efficiency and GHG goals § Rapidly expanding market potenEal for clean energy technologies § Access to renewable energy resources § Significant internaEonal investment in RE and EE
A few of the challenges: § NaEonal subsidies for diesel fuel § Detailed site-‐specific resource data § RE technology supply chain and experEse in remote locaEons § Capacity building – operaEon and maintenance of RE systems § Accessibility of island grids
Indonesia
Indonesia has the 4th largest popula>on in the world, and a rapidly expanding economy with na>onal goals and policies to increase access to electricity while also increasing usage of renewable energy.
Site Selection
Diesel Plant Sites Throughout Indonesia
(~900 sites)
PLN's 4 Preferred Provinces (~200 sites)
Desktop Study (19 sites)
Stakeholder ConsultaEon (10 sites)
Site Visits
(5 sites)
Final SelecEon (2-‐3 Sites)
Selection Process
2 provinces selected for Feasibility Analysis: Central Kalimantan and East Nusa Tenggara
Sample Criteria: 1. Cost of electricity 2. Local government
support 3. PotenEal for replicaEon 4. ElectrificaEon RaEo
SelecEon Process: 1. PLN prioriEes 2. Regional desktop study (data availability) 3. Stakeholder consultaEon 4. Site visit/survey
Lamandau – Central Kalimantan
Population: 70,000
Electrification Ratio: 36.4%
Diesel Consumption (PLTD AMP): 4.8 Million Litres/yr
RE resources: solar/hydro/bioenergy
Sabu Island – East Nusa Tenggara Population: 67,000
Electrification Ratio: 41.7%
Diesel Consumption: 1.3 Million Litres/yr
Primary RE resources: wind/solar Substantial off-grid PV