INDIA Instruments) (Musical
INDIAInstruments)
(Musical
CLASSIFICATION:Stringed Instruments
Wind Instruments
Percussion Instruments
Ghana Vadya [idiophones]
Tantu Vadya [chordophones]
Sushir Vadya [aerophones]
Avanaddha Vadya [membranophones]
Tantu Vadya:Plucked Instruments
Stringed musical instruments played by quickly pulling and releasing strings with a finger or plectrum (pick)
Bowed Instruments
Stringed musical instruments played with a wooden rod with horsehair tightly stretched between the two ends
Tantu Vadya:Veena
Sitar
Sarod
Tanpura
Ektara
Santoor
Plucked
VEENA
Long neck lute (wood)24 frets (metal)
2 resonators
4 metal and 3 drone strings
Used in Carnatic Classical music as a solo instrument
VEENA
SITAR Balanced between
the player's left foot and right
knee
SITARLong-necked string instrument
Has 7 main strings (2 drone strings)
Most well-known Indian instrument
Has 17 strings (usual)
Plucked with a wire plectrum (Mizrab)
Has 11 sympathetic strings lying under the frets
Has frets that are metal rods, bent into crescents
Main resonator is usually made of a gourd; additional resonator attached to the neck
SARODAn instrument which is derived from the Rabab(Afghanistan)
Has a metal fingerboard with NO frets
A taut membrane which covers the resonator
Has 8-10 main strings; 12-15 resonant strings
Played with a plectrum/ pick made of coconut shell (java)
SAROD
TANPURA
Resembles to Sitar
Has NO frets
Has 4 strings
Known for its very rich sound
A drone instrument
One of the most ancient forms
Has only 1 metal string
Made up of wood
Used for Kirtan chanting
EKTARA
SANTOORA hammered dulcimer w/c
is struck w/ light wooden mallets
24 or >100 strings
Typical sizes tend to be around 80
Has a vibrant tone
Ako si Renz, mwah!!
Tantu Vadya:Esraj (Dilruba)
Sarangi
Bowed
Has a Sitar-like neck
Has 20 metal frets
Dilruba (northern variation)
ESRAJ
SARANGIHas 3-4 main playing strings and 36 resonant/ sympathetic strings
Has NO frets or fingerboard; strings float in the air
Pitch is determined by sliding the fingernail against the string rather than pressing it against a fingerboard
Resembles the tone of the human voice
SARANGI
Sushir Vadya:Shehnai
Harmonium
Bamboo Flute
Bansuri – 6-hole bamboo flute
Venu – 8-hole bamboo flute
SHEHNAIDouble-reed wind instrument
With a widening tube towards lower end
Has 7 upper holes for playing and lower holes for tuning
Persian “Sheh” (King) and “Nai” (Flute) to mean King’s Flute
Created by improving the Pungi - used by snake charmers
SHEHNAI
Uses air to play music - a bellow
Keys are similar to that of a piano
Played with one hand
HARMONIUM
Bellow with the other
BAMBOO FLUTEBANSURI
Hindustani (North Indian) system
6-7 holes for flexibility and correctness of pitch
VENU
Carnatic (South Indian) system
8 holes
Avanaddha Vadya:Tabla
Dhol(ak)
Pakhawaj (Mridangam)
Sreekhol (Khol)
Dhak
TABLA
Small wooden right hand drum (Dayan) - high-pitch
Larger metal left hand drum (Bayan) - low-pitch
Has large black spot on each of the playing surfaces to create the bell-like timbre
Uses the base of the palm and fingers
Used for the accompaniment of north Indian Classical music (Hindustani)
A pair of drums
Double-sided barrel drum
Played with two wooden sticks
Hung over the neck with a strap made up of woven cloth DHOLmembrane is simple but left one has special coating
North Indian version of the Mridangam
One side of the drum is larger than the other
A double-ended drum
Used for Odissi and Kathak dancing
Played with the different parts of the hand
PAKHAWAJ
(SREE)KHOL
Also called as Mridang
Has a body made of clay
Small head on right side
Larger head on left side
Almost the same with Dhol
DHAK
Hung over the shoulder on sideways with a strap
Played with two wooden sticks
Ghana Vadya:Manjira
Jaltarang(am)
Ghungroo
Ghatam
MANJIRA
A rhythmic instrument used for folk music
Cymbals are metal and tied with a cotton lace
Played by banging on each other in a particular way
Used in devotional music
Made up of a series of China bowls of varying sizes
Arranged in semi-circle, and performer sits in the middle
Filled with varying levels of water w/c defines the pitch
Water xylophone
JALTARANG
Largest bowl is to the left; whereas the smallest to his right
Played by banging the bowls w/ 2 light & thin bamboo sticks
Also known as Ankle Bells
May be held, or worn on wrists
Made of small metallic bells
Used in dance (Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi, Odissi, and Kathak)
Start out with 50 bells (novice)
GHUNGROO
GHATAMA large clay pot with a
narrow opening
Played by striking
Pitch is raised or lowered by opening or closing the
hole with the stomach
Made mainly of clay baked with brass or copper filings with a small amount of iron filings
Tamang emowt lang…
Ba-bye na!