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Grant Assistance Report Project Number: 43158-01 April 2010 Proposed Grant Assistance India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's Empowerment (Financed by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction)
44

India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Mar 25, 2020

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Page 1: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Grant Assistance Report

Project Number 43158-01 April 2010

Proposed Grant Assistance

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens

Empowerment (Financed by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction)

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of March 2010)

Currency Unit ndash Indian rupees (ReRs)

Re100 = $0021 $100 = Rs4559

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB ndash Asian Development Bank CGTMSE ndash Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small

Enterprises CPS ndash country partnership strategy JFPR ndash Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction JICA ndash Japan International Cooperation Agency MampE ndash monitoring and evaluation MFI ndash microfinance institution MIS ndash management information system NBFC ndash nonbanking financial company NGO ndash nongovernment organization SARD ndash South Asia Department SFMC ndash SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit SIDBI ndash Small Industries Development Bank of India SMEs ndash small and medium-sized enterprises SMERA ndash Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE ndash statement of expenditure TA ndash technical assistance

NOTES

(i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of India and its agencies ends on 31

March FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends eg FY 2009 ends on 31 March 2009

(ii) In this report $ refers to US dollars

Vice President X Zhao Operations 1 Director General S H Rahman South Asia Department (SARD) Director

A Sharma Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division SARD

Team leader Team members

F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development) SARD S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

In preparing any country program or strategy financing any project or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION (JFPR)

JFPR Grant Proposal

I Basic Data

Name of Proposed Activity Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Country India

Grant Amount Requested $3000000

Grant Duration 36 months

Regional Grant Yes No

Grant Type Project Capacity building

II Grant Development Objective(s) and Expected Key Performance Indicators

Grant Development Objectives The primary objective of the grant is to help low-income female microentrepreneurs access financial resources services and market opportunities in selected Indian states (ie Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh)

1 The grant will (i) assess existing gender policies

strategies and practicesmdashincluding institutional arrangementsmdashadopted by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks (including cooperative banks) (ii) organize training targeting the specific needs of female microentrepreneurs for SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies (NBFCs) and banks (iii) support SIDBI retailers in addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services and (iv) establish a monitoring and evaluation (MampE) system to assess the results of financed activities under this grant

Expected Key Performance Indicators Better quality of life for low-income female microentrepreneurs in the grant areas (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in new female entrants in micro and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) assisted by the grant (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline)

III Grant Categories of Expenditure Amounts and Percentage of Expenditures

Category Amount of Grant Allocated

($) Percentage of Expenditures

1 Training (including workshops seminars and lateral learning) 1188800 40

2 Consulting services (including livelihood enterprise learning advisors) 812500 27

3 Project management 684889 22

4 Direct intervention (financial services for the poor) 144000 5

5 Contingencies 169811 6

Total 3000000 100

1 The five proposed states have been selected based on criteria including (i) high incidence of poverty low

socioeconomic status and gender indicators gathered by comparing state and national data (ii) those with which the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has engagement (iii) existence of Small Industries Development Bank (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) branches (iv) sufficient number of committed financial partners willing to engage with SIDBI in the grant activities and (v) underserved status in availability of credit and other financial services targeting the ―missing middle segment Considering the pilot nature of the grant SIDBI requested to extend the pilots to five states to capture a broader spectrum of low-income female entrepreneurs from diverse socioeconomic contexts This will add to the richness of the grant increase options for lateral learning and generate best practices for replication and scaling up

2

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION

JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information

A Other Data

Date of Submission of Application

20 October 2009

Project Officer F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development)

Project Officerrsquos Division E-mail Phone

Office of the Director General South Asia Department (SARD) ftornieriadborg +632 632 5983

Other Staff Members Who Will Need Access to Edit andor Review the Report

S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

Sector (subsector) Industry and trade (SME development)

Themes (subthemes) Economic growth (widening access to markets and economic opportunities) gender equity (economic opportunities) private sector development (private sector investment) capacity development (organizational development)

Targeting Classification General intervention

Was JFPR seed money used to prepare this grant proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Have Staff Review Committee (SRC) comments been reflected in the proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Name of Associated Asian Development Bank (ADB) Financed Operation(s)

Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project2

Executing Agency Ministry of Finance

Grant Implementing Agency Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit SIDBI Tower 15 Ashok Marg Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 Tel +91 522 228 8547484950 E-mail sfmcsidbiin

B Details of the Proposed Grant

1 Description of the Components Monitorable Deliverables andor Outcomes and Implementation Timetable

Component A

Component Name Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

2 This JPFR grant is attached to the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project which supports

micro and SME access to term finance through (i) a partial credit guarantee facility of up to $250 million without government counterindemnity to assist Indiarsquos public sector banks with sizeable micro and SME business in raising long-term funding in international capital markets through the launch of a financial instrument partially guaranteed by ADB and (ii) a loan up to $50 million to SIDBI with a sovereign counterguarantee for onlending to micro and SMEs with 30 of the credit line to be targeted to female entrepreneurs The JPFR grant will complement the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Projectrsquos proposed approach by providing much-needed capacity-building support to low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector ADB 2010 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project Manila (approved on 26 February)

3

Cost ($) $130900

Component Description This component will strengthen the ability of SIDBI and its retailers to incorporate gender and social inclusion approaches into the development of policies strategies and programs

3 More

specifically this will include (i) assessing existing gender policies and practices adopted

by SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to promote gender equality and female empowerment

4

(ii) reviewing gender-sensitive and -inclusive programs of wholesalers and retailers to identify gaps through workshops with heads of organizations andor senior managers of SIDBI and its retailers

(iii) revising policies and practices and reformatting relevant loan processing forms as needed to incorporate best practice standards and

(iv) organizing initial consultations and exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to disseminate results and help institutionalize such practices (including business development reporting MampE and gender equality) for highlighting considerations of poverty social inclusion and gender equity

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks documented through workshops with heads and senior management of the organizations Improved methods to institutionalize gender and socially inclusive approaches adopted as needed Exchange and lateral learning initiatives carried out among SIDBI partners through seminars and dissemination workshops

Number of months for grant activities

6 months

Component B

Component Name Training of Stakeholders Involved in Female Entrepreneurship

Cost ($) $1269300

Component Description SIDBI will organize training and capacity development that targets (i) the needs of SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks and (ii) low-income female microentrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5 This

3 The mission of SFMC explicitly addresses the needs of women in poverty The foundationrsquos aim is to create a

national network of strong viable and sustainable MFIs from the informal and formal financial sectors to provide microfinance services to the poor especially women Furthermore 80 of beneficiaries of SIDBI and its retailers are women To institutionalize the intent to address needs of poor women more systematically SIDBI is now committed to adopting a social inclusion and gender policy which will be developed through the interventions proposed in this grant

4 NBFCs carry out financing activities but their resources are not directly obtained from the savers as debt Instead

these institutions mobilize public savings for rendering other financial services including investment All such institutions are financial intermediaries and when they lend are known as nonbanking financial intermediaries or investment institutions In addition retailers are organizations that onlend to clients thus banks are retailers Wholesalers are institutions that lend to retailers SIDBI is both a wholesaler and a retailer As a wholesaler SIDBI lends to partner organizations As a retailer it operates through its microcredit branches across India

5 For the purpose of this grant low-income female microentrepreneurs are defined as women from households that are just above the poverty line as defined by the Government of India The unorganized sector as defined by the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sectors (NCEUS) is all unincorporated private enterprises owned by individuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and services operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten total workers The baseline data collection will

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 2: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of March 2010)

Currency Unit ndash Indian rupees (ReRs)

Re100 = $0021 $100 = Rs4559

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB ndash Asian Development Bank CGTMSE ndash Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small

Enterprises CPS ndash country partnership strategy JFPR ndash Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction JICA ndash Japan International Cooperation Agency MampE ndash monitoring and evaluation MFI ndash microfinance institution MIS ndash management information system NBFC ndash nonbanking financial company NGO ndash nongovernment organization SARD ndash South Asia Department SFMC ndash SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit SIDBI ndash Small Industries Development Bank of India SMEs ndash small and medium-sized enterprises SMERA ndash Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE ndash statement of expenditure TA ndash technical assistance

NOTES

(i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of India and its agencies ends on 31

March FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends eg FY 2009 ends on 31 March 2009

(ii) In this report $ refers to US dollars

Vice President X Zhao Operations 1 Director General S H Rahman South Asia Department (SARD) Director

A Sharma Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division SARD

Team leader Team members

F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development) SARD S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

In preparing any country program or strategy financing any project or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION (JFPR)

JFPR Grant Proposal

I Basic Data

Name of Proposed Activity Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Country India

Grant Amount Requested $3000000

Grant Duration 36 months

Regional Grant Yes No

Grant Type Project Capacity building

II Grant Development Objective(s) and Expected Key Performance Indicators

Grant Development Objectives The primary objective of the grant is to help low-income female microentrepreneurs access financial resources services and market opportunities in selected Indian states (ie Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh)

1 The grant will (i) assess existing gender policies

strategies and practicesmdashincluding institutional arrangementsmdashadopted by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks (including cooperative banks) (ii) organize training targeting the specific needs of female microentrepreneurs for SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies (NBFCs) and banks (iii) support SIDBI retailers in addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services and (iv) establish a monitoring and evaluation (MampE) system to assess the results of financed activities under this grant

Expected Key Performance Indicators Better quality of life for low-income female microentrepreneurs in the grant areas (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in new female entrants in micro and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) assisted by the grant (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline)

III Grant Categories of Expenditure Amounts and Percentage of Expenditures

Category Amount of Grant Allocated

($) Percentage of Expenditures

1 Training (including workshops seminars and lateral learning) 1188800 40

2 Consulting services (including livelihood enterprise learning advisors) 812500 27

3 Project management 684889 22

4 Direct intervention (financial services for the poor) 144000 5

5 Contingencies 169811 6

Total 3000000 100

1 The five proposed states have been selected based on criteria including (i) high incidence of poverty low

socioeconomic status and gender indicators gathered by comparing state and national data (ii) those with which the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has engagement (iii) existence of Small Industries Development Bank (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) branches (iv) sufficient number of committed financial partners willing to engage with SIDBI in the grant activities and (v) underserved status in availability of credit and other financial services targeting the ―missing middle segment Considering the pilot nature of the grant SIDBI requested to extend the pilots to five states to capture a broader spectrum of low-income female entrepreneurs from diverse socioeconomic contexts This will add to the richness of the grant increase options for lateral learning and generate best practices for replication and scaling up

2

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION

JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information

A Other Data

Date of Submission of Application

20 October 2009

Project Officer F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development)

Project Officerrsquos Division E-mail Phone

Office of the Director General South Asia Department (SARD) ftornieriadborg +632 632 5983

Other Staff Members Who Will Need Access to Edit andor Review the Report

S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

Sector (subsector) Industry and trade (SME development)

Themes (subthemes) Economic growth (widening access to markets and economic opportunities) gender equity (economic opportunities) private sector development (private sector investment) capacity development (organizational development)

Targeting Classification General intervention

Was JFPR seed money used to prepare this grant proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Have Staff Review Committee (SRC) comments been reflected in the proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Name of Associated Asian Development Bank (ADB) Financed Operation(s)

Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project2

Executing Agency Ministry of Finance

Grant Implementing Agency Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit SIDBI Tower 15 Ashok Marg Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 Tel +91 522 228 8547484950 E-mail sfmcsidbiin

B Details of the Proposed Grant

1 Description of the Components Monitorable Deliverables andor Outcomes and Implementation Timetable

Component A

Component Name Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

2 This JPFR grant is attached to the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project which supports

micro and SME access to term finance through (i) a partial credit guarantee facility of up to $250 million without government counterindemnity to assist Indiarsquos public sector banks with sizeable micro and SME business in raising long-term funding in international capital markets through the launch of a financial instrument partially guaranteed by ADB and (ii) a loan up to $50 million to SIDBI with a sovereign counterguarantee for onlending to micro and SMEs with 30 of the credit line to be targeted to female entrepreneurs The JPFR grant will complement the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Projectrsquos proposed approach by providing much-needed capacity-building support to low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector ADB 2010 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project Manila (approved on 26 February)

3

Cost ($) $130900

Component Description This component will strengthen the ability of SIDBI and its retailers to incorporate gender and social inclusion approaches into the development of policies strategies and programs

3 More

specifically this will include (i) assessing existing gender policies and practices adopted

by SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to promote gender equality and female empowerment

4

(ii) reviewing gender-sensitive and -inclusive programs of wholesalers and retailers to identify gaps through workshops with heads of organizations andor senior managers of SIDBI and its retailers

(iii) revising policies and practices and reformatting relevant loan processing forms as needed to incorporate best practice standards and

(iv) organizing initial consultations and exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to disseminate results and help institutionalize such practices (including business development reporting MampE and gender equality) for highlighting considerations of poverty social inclusion and gender equity

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks documented through workshops with heads and senior management of the organizations Improved methods to institutionalize gender and socially inclusive approaches adopted as needed Exchange and lateral learning initiatives carried out among SIDBI partners through seminars and dissemination workshops

Number of months for grant activities

6 months

Component B

Component Name Training of Stakeholders Involved in Female Entrepreneurship

Cost ($) $1269300

Component Description SIDBI will organize training and capacity development that targets (i) the needs of SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks and (ii) low-income female microentrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5 This

3 The mission of SFMC explicitly addresses the needs of women in poverty The foundationrsquos aim is to create a

national network of strong viable and sustainable MFIs from the informal and formal financial sectors to provide microfinance services to the poor especially women Furthermore 80 of beneficiaries of SIDBI and its retailers are women To institutionalize the intent to address needs of poor women more systematically SIDBI is now committed to adopting a social inclusion and gender policy which will be developed through the interventions proposed in this grant

4 NBFCs carry out financing activities but their resources are not directly obtained from the savers as debt Instead

these institutions mobilize public savings for rendering other financial services including investment All such institutions are financial intermediaries and when they lend are known as nonbanking financial intermediaries or investment institutions In addition retailers are organizations that onlend to clients thus banks are retailers Wholesalers are institutions that lend to retailers SIDBI is both a wholesaler and a retailer As a wholesaler SIDBI lends to partner organizations As a retailer it operates through its microcredit branches across India

5 For the purpose of this grant low-income female microentrepreneurs are defined as women from households that are just above the poverty line as defined by the Government of India The unorganized sector as defined by the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sectors (NCEUS) is all unincorporated private enterprises owned by individuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and services operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten total workers The baseline data collection will

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 3: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION (JFPR)

JFPR Grant Proposal

I Basic Data

Name of Proposed Activity Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Country India

Grant Amount Requested $3000000

Grant Duration 36 months

Regional Grant Yes No

Grant Type Project Capacity building

II Grant Development Objective(s) and Expected Key Performance Indicators

Grant Development Objectives The primary objective of the grant is to help low-income female microentrepreneurs access financial resources services and market opportunities in selected Indian states (ie Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh)

1 The grant will (i) assess existing gender policies

strategies and practicesmdashincluding institutional arrangementsmdashadopted by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks (including cooperative banks) (ii) organize training targeting the specific needs of female microentrepreneurs for SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies (NBFCs) and banks (iii) support SIDBI retailers in addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services and (iv) establish a monitoring and evaluation (MampE) system to assess the results of financed activities under this grant

Expected Key Performance Indicators Better quality of life for low-income female microentrepreneurs in the grant areas (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline) Increase in new female entrants in micro and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) assisted by the grant (20 increase at grant end compared to 2010 baseline)

III Grant Categories of Expenditure Amounts and Percentage of Expenditures

Category Amount of Grant Allocated

($) Percentage of Expenditures

1 Training (including workshops seminars and lateral learning) 1188800 40

2 Consulting services (including livelihood enterprise learning advisors) 812500 27

3 Project management 684889 22

4 Direct intervention (financial services for the poor) 144000 5

5 Contingencies 169811 6

Total 3000000 100

1 The five proposed states have been selected based on criteria including (i) high incidence of poverty low

socioeconomic status and gender indicators gathered by comparing state and national data (ii) those with which the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has engagement (iii) existence of Small Industries Development Bank (SIDBI) and SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) branches (iv) sufficient number of committed financial partners willing to engage with SIDBI in the grant activities and (v) underserved status in availability of credit and other financial services targeting the ―missing middle segment Considering the pilot nature of the grant SIDBI requested to extend the pilots to five states to capture a broader spectrum of low-income female entrepreneurs from diverse socioeconomic contexts This will add to the richness of the grant increase options for lateral learning and generate best practices for replication and scaling up

2

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION

JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information

A Other Data

Date of Submission of Application

20 October 2009

Project Officer F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development)

Project Officerrsquos Division E-mail Phone

Office of the Director General South Asia Department (SARD) ftornieriadborg +632 632 5983

Other Staff Members Who Will Need Access to Edit andor Review the Report

S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

Sector (subsector) Industry and trade (SME development)

Themes (subthemes) Economic growth (widening access to markets and economic opportunities) gender equity (economic opportunities) private sector development (private sector investment) capacity development (organizational development)

Targeting Classification General intervention

Was JFPR seed money used to prepare this grant proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Have Staff Review Committee (SRC) comments been reflected in the proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Name of Associated Asian Development Bank (ADB) Financed Operation(s)

Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project2

Executing Agency Ministry of Finance

Grant Implementing Agency Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit SIDBI Tower 15 Ashok Marg Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 Tel +91 522 228 8547484950 E-mail sfmcsidbiin

B Details of the Proposed Grant

1 Description of the Components Monitorable Deliverables andor Outcomes and Implementation Timetable

Component A

Component Name Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

2 This JPFR grant is attached to the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project which supports

micro and SME access to term finance through (i) a partial credit guarantee facility of up to $250 million without government counterindemnity to assist Indiarsquos public sector banks with sizeable micro and SME business in raising long-term funding in international capital markets through the launch of a financial instrument partially guaranteed by ADB and (ii) a loan up to $50 million to SIDBI with a sovereign counterguarantee for onlending to micro and SMEs with 30 of the credit line to be targeted to female entrepreneurs The JPFR grant will complement the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Projectrsquos proposed approach by providing much-needed capacity-building support to low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector ADB 2010 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project Manila (approved on 26 February)

3

Cost ($) $130900

Component Description This component will strengthen the ability of SIDBI and its retailers to incorporate gender and social inclusion approaches into the development of policies strategies and programs

3 More

specifically this will include (i) assessing existing gender policies and practices adopted

by SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to promote gender equality and female empowerment

4

(ii) reviewing gender-sensitive and -inclusive programs of wholesalers and retailers to identify gaps through workshops with heads of organizations andor senior managers of SIDBI and its retailers

(iii) revising policies and practices and reformatting relevant loan processing forms as needed to incorporate best practice standards and

(iv) organizing initial consultations and exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to disseminate results and help institutionalize such practices (including business development reporting MampE and gender equality) for highlighting considerations of poverty social inclusion and gender equity

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks documented through workshops with heads and senior management of the organizations Improved methods to institutionalize gender and socially inclusive approaches adopted as needed Exchange and lateral learning initiatives carried out among SIDBI partners through seminars and dissemination workshops

Number of months for grant activities

6 months

Component B

Component Name Training of Stakeholders Involved in Female Entrepreneurship

Cost ($) $1269300

Component Description SIDBI will organize training and capacity development that targets (i) the needs of SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks and (ii) low-income female microentrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5 This

3 The mission of SFMC explicitly addresses the needs of women in poverty The foundationrsquos aim is to create a

national network of strong viable and sustainable MFIs from the informal and formal financial sectors to provide microfinance services to the poor especially women Furthermore 80 of beneficiaries of SIDBI and its retailers are women To institutionalize the intent to address needs of poor women more systematically SIDBI is now committed to adopting a social inclusion and gender policy which will be developed through the interventions proposed in this grant

4 NBFCs carry out financing activities but their resources are not directly obtained from the savers as debt Instead

these institutions mobilize public savings for rendering other financial services including investment All such institutions are financial intermediaries and when they lend are known as nonbanking financial intermediaries or investment institutions In addition retailers are organizations that onlend to clients thus banks are retailers Wholesalers are institutions that lend to retailers SIDBI is both a wholesaler and a retailer As a wholesaler SIDBI lends to partner organizations As a retailer it operates through its microcredit branches across India

5 For the purpose of this grant low-income female microentrepreneurs are defined as women from households that are just above the poverty line as defined by the Government of India The unorganized sector as defined by the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sectors (NCEUS) is all unincorporated private enterprises owned by individuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and services operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten total workers The baseline data collection will

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 4: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

2

JAPAN FUND FOR POVERTY REDUCTION

JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information

A Other Data

Date of Submission of Application

20 October 2009

Project Officer F Tornieri Social Development Specialist (Gender and Development)

Project Officerrsquos Division E-mail Phone

Office of the Director General South Asia Department (SARD) ftornieriadborg +632 632 5983

Other Staff Members Who Will Need Access to Edit andor Review the Report

S Chakravarti Senior Programs Officer India Resident Mission SARD P Marro Senior Investment Specialist SARD

Sector (subsector) Industry and trade (SME development)

Themes (subthemes) Economic growth (widening access to markets and economic opportunities) gender equity (economic opportunities) private sector development (private sector investment) capacity development (organizational development)

Targeting Classification General intervention

Was JFPR seed money used to prepare this grant proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Have Staff Review Committee (SRC) comments been reflected in the proposal

Yes [ ] No [ ]

Name of Associated Asian Development Bank (ADB) Financed Operation(s)

Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project2

Executing Agency Ministry of Finance

Grant Implementing Agency Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit SIDBI Tower 15 Ashok Marg Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001 Tel +91 522 228 8547484950 E-mail sfmcsidbiin

B Details of the Proposed Grant

1 Description of the Components Monitorable Deliverables andor Outcomes and Implementation Timetable

Component A

Component Name Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

2 This JPFR grant is attached to the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project which supports

micro and SME access to term finance through (i) a partial credit guarantee facility of up to $250 million without government counterindemnity to assist Indiarsquos public sector banks with sizeable micro and SME business in raising long-term funding in international capital markets through the launch of a financial instrument partially guaranteed by ADB and (ii) a loan up to $50 million to SIDBI with a sovereign counterguarantee for onlending to micro and SMEs with 30 of the credit line to be targeted to female entrepreneurs The JPFR grant will complement the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Projectrsquos proposed approach by providing much-needed capacity-building support to low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector ADB 2010 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project Manila (approved on 26 February)

3

Cost ($) $130900

Component Description This component will strengthen the ability of SIDBI and its retailers to incorporate gender and social inclusion approaches into the development of policies strategies and programs

3 More

specifically this will include (i) assessing existing gender policies and practices adopted

by SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to promote gender equality and female empowerment

4

(ii) reviewing gender-sensitive and -inclusive programs of wholesalers and retailers to identify gaps through workshops with heads of organizations andor senior managers of SIDBI and its retailers

(iii) revising policies and practices and reformatting relevant loan processing forms as needed to incorporate best practice standards and

(iv) organizing initial consultations and exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to disseminate results and help institutionalize such practices (including business development reporting MampE and gender equality) for highlighting considerations of poverty social inclusion and gender equity

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks documented through workshops with heads and senior management of the organizations Improved methods to institutionalize gender and socially inclusive approaches adopted as needed Exchange and lateral learning initiatives carried out among SIDBI partners through seminars and dissemination workshops

Number of months for grant activities

6 months

Component B

Component Name Training of Stakeholders Involved in Female Entrepreneurship

Cost ($) $1269300

Component Description SIDBI will organize training and capacity development that targets (i) the needs of SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks and (ii) low-income female microentrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5 This

3 The mission of SFMC explicitly addresses the needs of women in poverty The foundationrsquos aim is to create a

national network of strong viable and sustainable MFIs from the informal and formal financial sectors to provide microfinance services to the poor especially women Furthermore 80 of beneficiaries of SIDBI and its retailers are women To institutionalize the intent to address needs of poor women more systematically SIDBI is now committed to adopting a social inclusion and gender policy which will be developed through the interventions proposed in this grant

4 NBFCs carry out financing activities but their resources are not directly obtained from the savers as debt Instead

these institutions mobilize public savings for rendering other financial services including investment All such institutions are financial intermediaries and when they lend are known as nonbanking financial intermediaries or investment institutions In addition retailers are organizations that onlend to clients thus banks are retailers Wholesalers are institutions that lend to retailers SIDBI is both a wholesaler and a retailer As a wholesaler SIDBI lends to partner organizations As a retailer it operates through its microcredit branches across India

5 For the purpose of this grant low-income female microentrepreneurs are defined as women from households that are just above the poverty line as defined by the Government of India The unorganized sector as defined by the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sectors (NCEUS) is all unincorporated private enterprises owned by individuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and services operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten total workers The baseline data collection will

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 5: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

3

Cost ($) $130900

Component Description This component will strengthen the ability of SIDBI and its retailers to incorporate gender and social inclusion approaches into the development of policies strategies and programs

3 More

specifically this will include (i) assessing existing gender policies and practices adopted

by SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to promote gender equality and female empowerment

4

(ii) reviewing gender-sensitive and -inclusive programs of wholesalers and retailers to identify gaps through workshops with heads of organizations andor senior managers of SIDBI and its retailers

(iii) revising policies and practices and reformatting relevant loan processing forms as needed to incorporate best practice standards and

(iv) organizing initial consultations and exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI its partner MFIs NBFCs and banks to disseminate results and help institutionalize such practices (including business development reporting MampE and gender equality) for highlighting considerations of poverty social inclusion and gender equity

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks documented through workshops with heads and senior management of the organizations Improved methods to institutionalize gender and socially inclusive approaches adopted as needed Exchange and lateral learning initiatives carried out among SIDBI partners through seminars and dissemination workshops

Number of months for grant activities

6 months

Component B

Component Name Training of Stakeholders Involved in Female Entrepreneurship

Cost ($) $1269300

Component Description SIDBI will organize training and capacity development that targets (i) the needs of SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks and (ii) low-income female microentrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5 This

3 The mission of SFMC explicitly addresses the needs of women in poverty The foundationrsquos aim is to create a

national network of strong viable and sustainable MFIs from the informal and formal financial sectors to provide microfinance services to the poor especially women Furthermore 80 of beneficiaries of SIDBI and its retailers are women To institutionalize the intent to address needs of poor women more systematically SIDBI is now committed to adopting a social inclusion and gender policy which will be developed through the interventions proposed in this grant

4 NBFCs carry out financing activities but their resources are not directly obtained from the savers as debt Instead

these institutions mobilize public savings for rendering other financial services including investment All such institutions are financial intermediaries and when they lend are known as nonbanking financial intermediaries or investment institutions In addition retailers are organizations that onlend to clients thus banks are retailers Wholesalers are institutions that lend to retailers SIDBI is both a wholesaler and a retailer As a wholesaler SIDBI lends to partner organizations As a retailer it operates through its microcredit branches across India

5 For the purpose of this grant low-income female microentrepreneurs are defined as women from households that are just above the poverty line as defined by the Government of India The unorganized sector as defined by the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sectors (NCEUS) is all unincorporated private enterprises owned by individuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and services operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten total workers The baseline data collection will

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 6: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

4

will involve (i) targeting women new to microentrepreneurship as well as those already informed using microfinance models

6 to enhance

the viability of their enterprises and their ability to access financial resources and markets through leadership and communication training financial literacy for microentrepreneurs and business development services and (ii) supporting their participation in trade fairs exhibitions buyerndashseller meets seminars and workshops to promote marketing of their products

On the demand side for female microentrepreneurs capacity development will involve

(i) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs This training will involve money management effectively using credit understanding the flexibility of money choosing between different credit sources and the value of financial discipline risk management and investment planning It will help transition women into mainstream financial markets where they may access banking services The training will also demonstrate the importance of financial services such as savings insurance remittances and pensions Increasing financial literacy will also tend to convert an existing need into demand by female microentrepreneurs willing to pay an appropriate market-set price for a financial service that supports their enterprise and their role in the market economy The translation of the need into demand will be documented through the methodology of the grantrsquos MampE

(ii) Leadership and communication This training will help female entrepreneurs participate in mainstream markets and engage with different stakeholders Training will include basic computer literacy communication skills confidence building negotiating in public spaces and taking a lead in the community in building a culture of entrepreneurship The modules will focus on developing leadership so that the women transition from being sole workers within their businesses to being employers and leaders This training will include elements of self-management (eg handling stress and maintaining physical and mental health) that highlight the value of female entrepreneurs as assets in their own enterprises Socialization leads women to view themselves as being in the service of the household and their participation in market-related activities forms part of this perception Hence the training will include the building of skills to manage the challenges that they face in their multiple roles within the household and their microenterprises

(iii) Business development training This training will develop the business management skills of female

follow a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative data using selective sampling that is representative of all the models and retailer types Secondary data from sources pertinent to the states and primary data using survey methodology for socioeconomic profiling as well as interviews will be used Control groups in each state will be selected from female microentrepreneur clients of nonparticipating organizations

6 In India MFIs adopt different methods of delivering financial services through joint liability groups which comprise

five to seven women self-help groups which comprise 15ndash20 women Grameen groups which comprise around five to seven women activists for social alternatives groups which comprise around 15 women and individual lending The Grameen and activists for social alternatives models are replications of models in Bangladesh In this document where reference is made to MFIs it includes a variety of microfinance models

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 7: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

5

microentrepreneurs and will help them use the loans and plan for sustainability and scalability If female entrepreneurs are encouraged to train other women as employees and managers in their microenterprises a positive spiral can be created Cluster-level business development training will include building better quality and methods of production accessing production and markets processing storage and marketing

7

On the supply sidemdashSIDBI as wholesaler and the retailers (SIDBI branches NBFCs and banks)mdashtraining activities will be carried out and include (i) gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship particularly for operations staff of wholesalers and retailers to understand gender issues and challenges and how they affect womenrsquos access to financial services and their roles as entrepreneurs

(ii) appropriate operations to enable users (ie

retailers) to identify suitable tools methods and financial products addressing the needs of low-income female entrepreneurs (iii) technology training specific to MampE software to enable users to monitor the grantrsquos outputs outcomes and impacts and (iv) enterprise financing to present models and effective practices

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Training initiatives organized across the five participating states Training module for SIDBI and its retailers developed About 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs trained in financial literacy for microenterprise leadership and communication and business development services Retailers and participating MFIs trained in gender microfinance and microenterprise finance technology and operations and enterprise financing

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component C

Component Name Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Female Microentrepreneurs

Cost ($) $414000

Component Description This component will support three initiatives targeting SIDBI partner MFIs interested in implementing alternative collateral schemes that address the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female microentrepreneurs in accessing financial services motivating financial institutions to explore new market segments and implementing management information system (MIS) software specific for the grant More specifically this will include

(i) Credit guarantee fund SIDBI through its direct-lending window has been promoting collateral-free lending to all eligible entrepreneurs by extending the credit guarantee scheme of the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) To demonstrate the viability and efficacy of extending credit to deserving low-income female entrepreneurs the costs related to the credit

7 ―Cluster indicates a group of small firms from similar industries that team up and act as one body Creating a

business cluster enables firms to enjoy economies of scale usually only available to bigger competitors Marketing costs can be shared and goods can be bought more cheaply There are also networking advantages in which small firms can share experiences and discuss business strategies

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 8: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

6

guarantee for 1200 low-income female entrepreneurs will be covered The CGTMSE will guarantee the loans on the basis of the due diligence undertaken by SIDBI SIDBI will advance the costs of the credit guarantee fees based on number of beneficiaries amount of loans and repayment period The grant will reimburse SIDBI for the cost of the guarantee

fees8 (ii) Recruitment of livelihood enterprise learning advisors

SIDBI will support partner MFIs to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors and to meet the cost of their salaries for 3 years These female advisors will assist in identifying female entrepreneurs for the grant Thereafter the advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit they will mentor the female entrepreneurs in their capacity development overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients as well as repayment and proper use of credit Advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lender

(iii) Development of grant-specific software for participating retailers MIS software will support SIDBIs retailers to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information The software will be used to track qualitative and quantitative deliverables under the proposed JFPR grant for purposes of impact evaluation

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

Products and technologies to deliver sustained financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners (ie retailers) Business processes to reduce delivery costs of financial services to the poor developed by SIDBI partners MIS software developed for retail lenders of microcredit for microenterprise

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

8 The CGTMSEmdashset up by the government and SIDBImdashaims to ensure that the lender gives importance to project

viability and secures the credit facility purely on the primary security of the assets financed (and not based on separate collateral) If micro and small enterprises avail of a collateral-free credit facility and fail to repay the loan the CGTMSE will make good the loss incurred by the lender Any collateral-free credit extended by member lending institutions to new as well as existing micro and small enterprises (including service enterprises) will be eligible to be covered with a maximum credit ap of Rs10 million subject to the due diligence by the CGTMSE The guarantee available under the scheme will be to the extent of 75ndash80 of the sanctioned amount of the credit facility with a maximum guarantee cap of Rs625 millionndashRs650 million For microenterprises the extent of guarantee cover will be 85 for credit up to Rs500000 The extent of guarantee cover will be 80 for micro and small enterprises operated andor owned by women In case of default the CGTMSE will settle the claim of the amount with SIDBI and the other member lending institutions Low-income female entrepreneurs will benefit in their ability to access credit and the loan without collateral or third-party guarantees At the moment SIDBIrsquos prime lending (as a retailer) is estimated at 11 for amounts up to Rs200000

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 9: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

7

Component D

Component Name Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Cost ($) $316100

Component Description This component will support the establishment of an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities under this grant

Monitoring and evaluation MampE will be carried out using (i) Documentation of changes in the lives of female

entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers The variables will capture change in the levels of business operations and the use of the credit and capacity development given to female entrepreneurs

(ii) Periodic surveys with female entrepreneurs for the capacity-building training which will be monitored for comprehension retention and applicability

(iii) Software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises Sex-disaggregated data will track the loans given to women The software will also capture the increase in applications and the repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end

(iv) Application forms for the loans for microenterprise within the grant These will be aligned to the MIS software so that the data can be collected collated and monitored

Setting baseline and grant end data This will include setting a baseline (and collecting data) on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset which will be effectively monitored during grant implementation It will include changes in the number and percentage of female entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain changes in women or household income expenditure and consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and changes in self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by a national research institute

(i) Baseline assessment Samples to be taken from female entrepreneurs will include (a) types of retailers from SIDBI partners and banks (b) models of microfinance such as joint liability groups self-help groups Grameen groups activists for social alternatives groups and individual lending (c) regions ie rural urban and periurban and (d) livelihood clusters A control group that does not participate in the grant but includes clients of SIDBI partners will be taken from each participating state Quantitative methodology will include baseline surveys that capture the socioeconomic profile of the female entrepreneurs and qualitative methodology will include interviews Participatory methods will also be used with female microentrepreneurs to capture indicators of empowerment such as womenrsquos mobility decision making in households and microenterprises education of children access to markets access and control of income from microenterprises awareness of health and health-seeking behaviors access to banks and use of banking services

(ii) Grant end assessment A quantitative survey will use the same questions from the baseline of the sample and control

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 10: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

8

groups Qualitative interviews and participatory methods will capture shifts in empowerment indicators of the sample and control groups Based on innovative approaches and direct intervention supported under the grant a knowledge product will be finalized and an option paper developed to assess emerging practices and lessons learned for effective provision of financial services to female entrepreneurs in micro and small businesses The outputs of the proposed JFPR grant will be assessed discussed and reflected upon during a series of state-specific and national seminars

9

Establishment of rating system for microenterprises With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle (defined as microenterprise clients that are too small or unskilled to access more conventional financing) and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions a rating system for microenterprises will be developed which is presently an untested area Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating targeted womenrsquos microenterprises in the participating five states will also be covered The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on Use of Consultants 2007 as from time to time amended in accordance with the single source selection method

10

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

One quality knowledge product finalized on time A final consultation at the end of five project and state workshops carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

Component E

Component Name Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

Cost ($) $699889

Component Description (i) Support operational costs of grant team (ii) provide cost of grant supervision (iii) engage the services of research institutes or capacity

development organizations to carry out training and publication for the grant and

(iv) meet institutional overheads of SIDBI

Monitorable Deliverables andor Outputs

SIDBI-financed grant activities are made operational Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports and a final evaluation report submitted to ADB and SIDBI for review and disclosure on the ADB website

9 This will build on SIDBI 2008 Assessing Development Impact of Micro Finance Programs Finding and Policy

Implications from a National Study of Indian Microfinance Sector Lucknow Under ADB 2008 Technical Assistance for Enterprise Development and the Challenge of Inclusive Growth Manila The ADB Economic Research Department is carrying out technical assistance studies to assess the two types of economic policies and strategies that are most effective in encouraging the transition of small low-productivity enterprises into higher-productivity ones The relevant section of the ADB 2009 Enterprises in Asia Fostering Dynamism in SMEs Manila will be used as reference in the initial stages of the project

10 SMERA is a joint initiative by SIDBI Dun amp Bradstreet Information Services India and several leading banks in India It is the countrys first rating agency to focus primarily on the Indian micro and SME segment SMERAs primary objective is to provide ratings that are comprehensive transparent and reliable This is critical to facilitate greater and easier flow of credit from the banking sector to micro and SMEs

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 11: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

9

Number of months for grant activities

36 months

2 Financing Plan for Proposed Grant to be Supported by JFPR

Funding Source Amount ($)

JFPR 3000000

Government 108000

Community contribution 106700

Total 3214700

3 Background

1 Low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector are defined as microborrowers whose businesses have grown too large for traditional microfinance support but whose activities are still too limited or who lack skills and capacity to access more conventional bank financing This grant identifies this target groupmdashin relatively lagging states in Indiamdashas having loan requirements of Rs50000ndashRs1000000 2 In India various financing schemes target microcredit to the SME sector through which poor individuals and households in the unorganized sector can access microcredit programs and providers11 However MFIs are less capable of supporting their clients once the clients reach a certain size due to limited resources compared to mainstream financial institutions Because of the recent global economic crisis the needs of those who have moved to the missing middle segment must be addressed Although the crisis has been felt by all segments of the poor the missing middle has suffered particularly Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors indicates that the crisis has worsened the already acute shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs who are predominantly female A recent study conducted by the Self Employed Womenrsquos Association in Ahmadabad shows that the crisis has led to a decline in the income of poor unorganized-sector workers12 This is due to closure of various small-scale industries decline in wages and reduction in working hours The crisis has also affected nutritional standards and health increased livelihood insecurity forced sales of household small assets and led to a high level of migration 3 Thus female microentrepreneurs who have reached the position of the missing middle are in danger of losing recent gains in their incomes their assets and the enterprises that have moved them beyond microcredit Further the crisis could shrink employment opportunities and lead men to migrate away from their home areas in search of economic opportunities Women left behind would then have to shoulder the responsibility of the household which may negatively affect their enterprises if they have less time and fewer resources to devote to their businesses A backslide could cause closure of small and micro-sized businesses and migration of female entrepreneurs themselves in search of employment (footnote 16)

11

―Microfinance refers to the provision of financial services to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed A part of the field of microfinance ―microcredit is the provision of credit services to low-income entrepreneurs

12 Self Employed Womenrsquos Association 2009 Financial Crises and Employment Meltdown in Informal Economy SEWArsquos Experience and Implications Ahmadabad

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 12: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

10

4 While it would be possible to collect further data on women entrepreneurs in the five states within the grant time is critical under these financial circumstances Hence it is proposed instead to use this time to support and consolidate the gains of the women of the missing middle Under these circumstances nurturing womenrsquos microenterprises will lead to self-sufficiency that can stabilize poor families 5 However credit alone will not assist womenrsquos entrepreneurship or nurture its potential to empower low-income women it must be accompanied with adequate and sensitively designed training programs A study of the impact of training on womens microenterprise development demonstrated the impact of training in four areas income access and control of resources status and quality of life in Ethiopia India Peru and Sudan13 The findings showed that low-income women need training to develop skills and self-confidence to operate and survive in the unorganized sector Consequently the need to support capacity-development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of this grant 6 Rationale and assumption for the proposed gender focus14

In India evidence suggests that gender inequities hinder womens access to information business and financial services There is a growing realization that MFIs involved in the promotion of female entrepreneurship should develop strategies to mainstream gender issues and approaches in business development more forcefully15 Against this backdrop the grant aims to work with SIDBI in challenging the common erroneous assumptions that provision of credit alone can produce successful microenterprises for women and that credit is the main financial service needed by the poor In fact capacity development is essential while the poor require financial services tailored to facilitating highly desired and needed microsavings microinsurance and micro-money transfer products16

4 Innovation 7 The grant will have several innovative features including

(i) encouraging collateral-free lending to female microentrepreneurs (ii) developing an integrated approach to microenterprise development through the

identification of livelihood opportunities selection and motivation of female microentrepreneurs provision of business and technical training and establishment of market links for inputs and outputs and

(iii) developing a cadre of female enterprise promoters and developers known as livelihood enterprise learning advisors

5 Sustainability

8 The grant aims to facilitate access by poor female microentrepreneurs to an appropriate range of information and services that support microcredit On the demand side the grant will

13

F Leach et al 2000 The Impact of Training on Womens Micro-Enterprise Development London Department for

International Development of the United Kingdom Also available httpwwwmicrofinancegatewayorgpsitemtemplaterc1930939

14 Based on the highly specialized nature of the assignments the quality-based selection method is proposed to be used for the selection of national research resource and training institutes Technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal

15 J Deshmukh-Ranadive 2008 From Transactions to Transformations in Microfinance Collapsing the Divide between the Economic and the Social Ahmadabad Indian School of Microfinance for Women

16 See Twine 2009 Vijay Mahajan speaks about new economics and microfinance httpwwwtwinecom item1272bdy42-7vvijay-mahajan-speaks-about-new-economics-and-micro-finance

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 13: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

11

institutionalizemdashand therefore introduce on a long-term sustainable basismdashgender-related policies for microfinance On the supply side it would introduce sustainable improvements through capacity development by developing financial literacy leadership and communication skills and business development training for the target microentrepreneurs The proposed intervention would be a very innovative program combining lending and grant methods and dovetailing it with gender- and poverty-focused capacity development for some of the poorest and most vulnerable women

6 Participatory Approach

9 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant central and state government agencies and through iterative consultations with the gender andor womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce andmdashon the national levelmdashnongovernment organizations (NGOs) A national research institute will be subcontracted by SIDBI to develop a baseline collect and analyze relevant information and data in the selected states and support SIDBI in monitoring the set of agreed targets Training and capacity-building organizations will be subcontracted by SIDBI to carry out the range of financial literacy business development services and other related training activities to be financed under the grant In this respect consultation andor possible involvement of ADB Economics and Research Department will be sought in developing the MampE component 10 The ADB team met with the Embassy of Japan and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project (footnote 2) on 2 September and 21 October 2009 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the proposed JFPR grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income female entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed interventions to the selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects All of these issues are reflected in the design of the proposed JFPR grant Primary Beneficiaries and Other Affected Groups

and Relevant Description Other Key Stakeholders and

Brief Description

Low-income women microentrepreneurs17

The primary beneficiaries will be low-income female entrepreneurs The proposed JFPR grant will target the specific needs and constraints faced by the missing middle of low-income beneficiaries who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal finance sector Training and capacity-building initiatives will benefit Estimated numbers (training and capacity development) 1200 Estimated numbers (credit guarantee scheme) 1200

The Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises has been implementing trade-related entrepreneurship assistance and development schemes to develop womens entrepreneurial skills with a focus on nonfarm activities This model provides an interesting approach which will be assessed during implementation of the proposed JFPR grant

17

As part of ADBs Micro Small and Medium Enterprise Development Project the number of low-income female microentrepreneurs ranges from 25000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs100000 each) 20000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amounts of Rs200000 each) and 10000 beneficiaries (estimated loan amount of Rs400000 each)

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 14: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

12

Household members Families remain at the center of a female entrepreneurrsquos household Families contribute to household income by doing collective agricultural work on the land of the household by engaging in expenditure-saving activities and in microenterprise work In turn female-initiated enterprises benefit entire households as women are primarily responsible for providing the familys system of care Thus the proposed JFPR grant builds on supporting female entrepreneurship that will result in supplemental family income reduced drudgery and womens economic empowerment Estimated numbers 1200 (5 members or households 1200) = 6000

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (National Credit Fund for Women or Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) provides for microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise

Small Industries Development Bank of India SIDBI is one of the largest government-owned banks in India established to promote the growth and development of micro and SMEs including provision of direct credit to the sector SFMC will work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning and replication SFMC will engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Estimated numbers (initial consultations training and capacity development) 20 senior- and middle-level staff members

The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for the proposed JFPR grant which will be implemented through SFMC

Retailers and microfinance institutions These are existing SIDBI partner organizations that onlend to clients They will be involved in the initial stocktaking exercise and participate in capacity-development initiatives of SIDBI Gender-sensitivity training will be carried out for operations staff and institutions will agree to adopt international best practices in gender equity womens empowerment and enterprise development Exchange and lateral learning initiatives will help support the institutionalization of promising gender-related results among participating retailers and MFIs Estimated numbers 25 retailers or MFIs (2 staff members 25) = 50

NGOs and national resource organizations and research and training institute(s) These will be involved in collecting and documenting emerging gender-related practices in SIDBI partner MFIs and banks setting baseline database of the selected locations tracking the implementation of the gender-related activities carrying out an analysis of the proposed JFPR grant results and carrying out gender-related capacity-development initiatives They will be subcontracted by SIDBI and will interact with

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 15: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

13

relevant government civil society and NGOs in the performance of their duties Estimated numbers 3 institutes (10 staff members 3) = 30

Livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) They will assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs for the proposed JFPR grant They will provide participants with one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to the use of the credit taken operation of enterprises and repayment of credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity-building overall There will be one advisor per partner MFI Estimated numbers 20 Estimated household members 20 (5 household members 20) = 100

7 Coordination 11 Based on a series of discussions with relevant stakeholders (ie the government donor partners and chambers of commerce) it is clear that despite several programs targeted at the micro and SME sector the sector continues to face severe challenges Its unmet needs in access to reasonable and timely finance business development services capacity development and awareness building as well as satisfactory infrastructure remain significant Moreover the sector has suffered as a result of the global economic crisis As a collaborative effort the grant will be implemented in close consultation with the donor community that has actively supported the sector in India for the past several years 12 The largest program among these is the World Bank-led multidonor SME Financing and Development Project for $120 million which was approved in 2004 The project aims to improve access of SMEs to finance (including term finance) and business development services Its three main components are a credit facility a risk-sharing facility and a policy and institutional development technical assistance (TA) program The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom and German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ provided substantial grant assistance to reinforce the capacity development and institutional reforms components of this project For example the Department for International Development-funded TA supported the creation of a credit bureau and an SME rating agency and it helped build capacity at SIDBI Given the good performance of the project the World Bank approved an additional $400 million in supplemental assistance in April 2009 to extend the project to more states The World Bank is also proposing a further $300 million loan to assist the microfinance sector 13 Over the years JICA has extended six credit lines amounting to nearly $2 billion to SIDBI for onlending to the micro and SME sector The current project provides a line of credit of $300 million to SIDBI for encouraging micro and SMEs to undertake energy-saving investments in plant and machinery and in production processes This would not only help enhance energy efficiency and lower carbon dioxide emissions but would also improve their profitability in the

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 16: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

14

long run The project is also being supported by German development cooperation through KfW and GTZ who are also seeking to encourage SMEs in enhancing their energy efficiency18 14 United Nations Industrial Development Organization activities have focused on raising the competitiveness of industrial enterprises especially SMEs through industrial policy advice investment and technology promotion with a view to increasing productivity quality energy efficiency and environmental sustainability Its current consolidated project for SME development in India combines traditional United Nations Industrial Development Organization approaches such as cluster development investment and technology promotion with innovative credit delivery mechanisms for SMEs such as mutual credit guarantee schemes private equity and venture capital 15 While the International Finance Corporation has been helping the private sector including SMEs through its various business linesmdashimproving access to finance creating an enabling environment providing corporate advice aiding infrastructure development and improving environmental and social sustainabilitymdashits most recent initiative involves providing a combination of equity-like financing business mentoring and capacity-building support for the Bharatiya Yuva Shakti Trust growth fund which will assist socially disadvantaged entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises sector 8 Detailed Cost Table 16 Please refer to Appendix 2 for summary of cost estimates Appendix 3 for detailed cost estimates and Appendix 4 for the fund flow arrangement C Link to ADB Strategy and ADB-Financed Operations

1 Link to ADB Strategy

Document

Document Number

Date of Last

Discussion Objective(s)

ADB country partnership strategy (CPS) 2009ndash2012

CPS-IND 2009ndash2012

March 2009 Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing methods are two of the strategic pillars of the CPS The CPS emphasizes the need to promote financial sector and SME development and to support gender equity issues With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote participation of women and their enterprises and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed

19

Government of India Planning Commission Eleventh Five-

2007 The goal of the five-year plan is to increase gross domestic product growth to 10 increase agricultural gross domestic product growth to 4 per year to ensure a wider spread of benefits and create 70 million new

18

The training and capacity development initiatives under the project could have an indirect effect in partially using JICArsquos credit line for energy efficiency (2009) by enabling low-income women (and other beneficiaries) to be better equipped to undertake and set up enterprises that could be possibly eligible under JICA financed credit lines to SIDBI

19 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 17: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

15

Year Plan (2007-2012)

work opportunities The grantrsquos goals are in line with the priorities of the government which considers the micro and SME sectors important role in facilitating income and employment generation and more specifically the commitment to support womens issues and empowerment in the Prime Ministers 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

2 Link to Specific ADB-Financed Operation

Project Name Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project

Project Number 43158-01

Date of Board Approval 1 December 2009

Loan Amount ($ million) $50000000

3 Development Objective of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation 17 In support of the CPS outcome the impact will be directed toward helping SMEs realize their full potential and contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction The immediate outcome will be improved SME access to term finance through participating financial institutions thereby fostering SME growth competitiveness and employment creation

4 Main Components of the Associated ADB-Financed Operation No Component Name Brief Description

1 Public Sector Loan The project will provide $50 million long-term financing to public and private sector commercial banks to increase their lending and to provide additional liquidity to the domestic financing markets to channel debt financing to the SME sector

2 Partial Credit Guarantee Facility

This component involves the use of a $250 million guarantee facility allocated to SARD to assist participating financial institutions in raising long-term funding from the market and to enable them to provide credit lines to SMEs in India on market-based terms The ADB-guaranteed financial instrument will be subject to conditions precedent to the disbursement such as receiving all necessary governmental creditor and shareholder approvals consents and financial arrangements satisfactory to ADB The proceeds from the loan backed by a partial credit guarantee must be used by the participating financial institutions to provide funding to their SME clients in India

5 Rationale for Grant Funding Versus ADB Lending

18 There is an existing ADB lending component for SMEs in India but financing for the other needs of SMEs including microenterprises is inadequate to meet the needs of government programs especially in view of the global economic crisis Currently ADBs ordinary capital resources loan would enable SIDBI to extend its credit and business development services to the missing middle of microentrepreneurs which is not the direct focus of any of the current donor-supported projects In parallel the JPFR grant will specifically target a sizeable representation of female microentrepreneurs among the beneficiaries enabling not only access to credit but also assistance in training to ensure that these recipients will be able to manage the numerous social and gender-related constraints that they face and actually set up sustainable and productive enterprises over time The grant will directly help train female-led

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 18: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

16

micro and small enterprises strengthening the gender-related policies and programs of SIDBI developing and pilot testing innovative financial solutions for low-income women and establishing an MampE system to assess the social and gender results of the activities to be supported under the grant None of the existing donor programs for SMEs or even the SIDBI programs have TA specifically targeting gender equity and womenrsquos empowerment D Implementation of the Proposed Grant 1 Implementing

Agency SIDBI

2 Risks Affecting Grant Implementation 19 As the activities will focus mostly on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues Type of Risk Brief Description Measures to Mitigate Risks

Selection of female microentrepreneurs as client beneficiaries of retail lenders

Because female entrepreneurs are less educated there is a lack of confidence in female entrepreneurs particularly among formal banks and other financial institutions

SIDBI will support partners to recruit women to act as livelihood enterprise learning advisors to assist in identifying the female entrepreneurs under this grant The advisors will provide one-on-one personal guidance and advice with respect to using the credit taken operating the enterprise and repaying credit and will mentor the entrepreneurs in their capacity development There will be one advisor per partner MFI The presence of these advisors will lead to careful selection of the client and ensure repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with the female entrepreneurs and will eliminate the need for collateral on the part of the lender Separately the grant will develop MIS software for participating retailers which will allow them to ascertain the use of credit for microenterprise and to collect sex-disaggregated information Additional measures to further ensure alternative collateral schemes include building the financial discipline of clients through orientation and through the financial literacy initiatives financed under the grant

Quality of services provided by the research institute resource organization and training institutes

Due to the prevailing high demand for services of good institutes andor organizations they try to accept all assignments and engage the services of inexperienced staff members who are not properly remunerated As such the desired degree of commitment and dedication cannot be expected This may lead to

The selection of national research resource and training institutes will be through the quality-based selection method whereby technical proposals will be first assessed by SIDBI and negotiation of the financial proposal and the contract will be carried out with the consultant who submits the highest-ranked technical proposal The identity and qualifications of each proposed national consultant will need to be detailed by each short-listed institute andor organization in its

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 19: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

17

unsatisfactory and disputable performance and quality

proposal as this aspect will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals

3 Incremental ADB Costs

Component Incremental Bank Cost

Amount requested $0

Justification Not Applicable

Type of work to be rendered by ADB Not Applicable

4 Monitoring and Evaluation Key Performance Indicator Reporting Mechanism Plan and Timetable for MampE

Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

Technical reports toolkits checklists guidelines andor any other tool Exchange and lateral learning reports

Quarterly reports from SIDBI incorporating inputs from the national research institute national resource organization and training institutes Quarterly review missions by ADB

Female microentrepreneurs trained

Progress reports Baseline information and data reports training and capacity needs assessment reports

Financial services for low-income women developed in rural urban and periurban areas

Financial services progress reports

Effective MampE results Knowledge product option paper National seminars (3) State workshop proceedings

5 Estimated Disbursement Schedule

Fiscal Year (FY) Amount ($)

FY2010 1000000

FY2011 1000000

FY2012 1000000

Total Disbursements 3000000

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 20: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

18

Appendixes 1 Design and Monitoring Framework 2 Summary of Cost Estimates 3 Detailed Cost Estimates 4 Fund Flow Arrangement 5 Implementation Arrangements 6 Summary Poverty Reduction and Social Strategy 7 Outline of Terms of Reference

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 21: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 1 19

DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Impact Enhanced gender equity and womens empowerment by creating a culture of entrepreneurship among women in the grant areas

Improvement in the quality of life of low-income female entrepreneurs in the grant areas defined through a set of gender and womenrsquos empowerment related targets and indicators

1 (20 increase from 2010

baseline)

Grant-specific information and data Grant impact assessment Other information and data from government development partners and civil society

Outcome Greater capacity of low-income female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities in the grant areas

Number of successful applications by low-income female entrepreneurs at SIDBI branches in selected states increased (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Number of new micro and SME entrants assisted by the grant disaggregated by sex (20 increase from 2010 baseline) Percentage of ownership of businesses by sector disaggregated by sex

Information and data Proceedings from national- and state-level workshops

Assumption Commitment of SIDBI and SIDBI partners to advance gender and socially inclusive approaches

Outputs Methods to institutionalize gender approaches assessed and revised as needed Number of gender-sensitive policies and strategies adopted by SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks in areas related to female entrepreneurship

Technical reports tool kits checklists guidelines andor any other tools Exchange and lateral learning reports

Assumption Effective and timely collaboration of relevant government stakeholders SIDBI and SIDBI partners Risk Staff changes in executing agency or implementing agency weaken coordination of grant activities

1 Gender-related policies strategies and programs institutionalized

2 Stakeholders involved in female entrepreneurship trained

Number of SIDBI staff members (25) and retailers (at most 50) trained in gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship Number of low-income female entrepreneurs (1200) trained in financial literacy leadership communication and business development services Number of retailers (at most 50)

Baseline information and data reports Training and capacity needs assessment reports

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 22: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

20 Appendix 1

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

trained in technology and appropriate operations Number of SIDBI staff members (25) trained in enterprise financing

3 Financial services for low-income female micro-entrepreneurs developed

Financial contribution provided to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income female microentrepreneurs (1200) MIS software for participating retailers developed Development of cadre of livelihood enterprise learning advisors (20) one at each participating partner MFI (25)

Financial services Business processes

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results

Baseline data collected and analyzed on a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed at grant onset and effectively monitored during grant implementation Quality knowledge product finalized on time (1) Quality option paper on financing modalities for low-income women entrepreneurs finalized on time and cleared by the government National seminar (1) and state workshops (6) carried out to distribute grant findings and recommendations

Knowledge product Option paper Proceedings of national seminars and state workshops

Activities with Milestones Inputs JFPR grant $3000000 10235 person-months of national consultants

1 Institutionalize gender-related policies strategies and programs 11 Document gender-related policies strategies and programs related to the

promotion of female entrepreneurship in SIDBI partner MFIs NBFCs and banks (months 3ndash6)

12 Assess and revise modalities to institutionalize gender approaches (months 6ndash9)

13 Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI partners organized in the selected states (months 9ndash34)

2 Train stakeholders involved in womens entrepreneurship 21 Develop a training program and modules about gender in microfinance

and entrepreneurship targeting SIDBI partner MFIs (retailers) (months 6ndash34)

22 Develop training program and modules in (a) financial literacy leadership communication and business development services (b) technology and appropriate operations and (c) enterprise financing (months 6ndash36)

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 23: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 1 21

Design Summary Performance Targets andor Indicators

Data Sources andor Reporting

Mechanisms

Assumptions andor Risks

Activities with Milestones 3 Develop financial services for low-income female microentrepreneurs

(i) Provide financial contribution to SIDBIs credit guarantee scheme to reduce the costs of borrowing for selected low-income women microentrepreneurs (months 6ndash34)

(ii) Develop MIS software for participating retailers (months 12ndash24)

4 Effective monitoring and evaluation of results (i) Collect and analyze baseline data on a set of quantitative and qualitative

indicators and effectively monitor them during grant implementation (ii) Assess the results of the activities in outputs 2 and 3 (months 1ndash3 and

34ndash36) (iii) Disseminate findings and lessons learned from grant activities at national

andor state-level workshops (months 24ndash34) (iv) Plan follow-up activities (month 36)

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction MFI = microfinance institution MIS = management information system NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India SME = small or medium-sized enterprise 1 Gender and womenrsquos empowerment impact indicators will includemdashbut not be limited tomdashwomenrsquos economic

status (eg increased access to banking services ownership and control of assets) womenrsquos sociocultural status (eg education and health-seeking behaviors and access to education and health facilities and services) and political status (eg participation in decision making at household and community levels and ability to influence gender norms and altering gender division of labor within the household)

Source Asian Development Bank

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 24: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

22

Ap

pe

ndix

2

SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES

Component A

Institutionalization of

Gender-related Policies

Strategies and Programs

Component B

Training of Stakeholders

Involved in Womens

Entrepreneurship

Component C

Financial Services for

Low Income

Microentrepreneurs

Component D

Effective Monitoring and

Evaluation of Results

Component E

Project Administration

Implementation Support

Monitoring and Auditing

Total

(Input)Percent

1 Training (incl Workshops Seminars and Lateral Learning) 90900 1031800 66100 1188800 396

2 Consulting Services (including Livelihood Enterprise Learning Advisors) 40000 237500 270000 250000 15000 812500 271

3 Project Management 684889 684889 228

4 Direct Interventions (financial services for the poor) 144000 144000 48

5 Contingencies 7854 76158 24840 18966 41993 169811 57

Subtotal JFPR Grant Financed1 138754 1345458 438840 335066 741882 3000000 1000

Government contribution 108000 108000

Beneficiaries contributions 15000 86700 5000 106700

Total Estimated Costs 153754 1432158 438840 340066 849882 3214700

Inputs Expenditure Category

Grant Components

1 includes duties and taxes

JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Source Asian Development Bank

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 25: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Ap

pe

ndix

3 23

DETAILED COST ESTIMATES

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-related Policies Strategies and Programs Subtotal 145900 130900 15000

11 Recruitment of National Resource Organization (NRO) QBS

111 Stocktaking of gender-related policies strategies and programs

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 4 10000 40000 40000

112 Initital Consultations

1121 Initial stocktaking workshop [3 days 20 personseach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 3 1000 3000 3000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 3 1500 4500 4500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 2000

Rental of rooms (200day 3 days) day 3 200 600 600

1122 Stocktaking results dissemination workshop [3 daysworkshop (5) 20 personseach] 5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 15 1000 15000 15000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 15 1500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 100 100 10000 10000

Rental of rooms (200day) day 15 200 3000 3000

113Exchange and lateral learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states

[3 daysworkshops (3) 20 peopleeach]5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 middle-level staff day 9 1000 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (150day) 10 senior level staff day 9 1500 13500 13500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 60 100 6000 6000

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days 3 workshops] day 9 200 1800 1800

Component B Training of Stakeholders involved in Womens Entrepreneurship Subtotal 1345200 1269300 75900

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 1)

21 Gender in Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship 3 days (incl 1 travel) 73100 65600

211 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

212 SIDBISFMC (wholesaler) 2500 2500

Lodge and boarding (100day) 20 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 2000 8000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 20 100 2000 10300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

213 Retailers (25)25 retailers

(2each)5000 5000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff 4 days day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) trip 50 100 5000 25300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 2)

22Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs leadership and communication 3 days

(incl 1 travel)221 Recruitment of Training Institute 539100 517500 QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting training collecting feedback)

recruitment of a team of 3 senior consultants (10 person-monthseach) 250

womenState 5 training sessionsState = 50 training sessions (3 years) 50

womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 30 2500 75000 75000

222 Phase 1 (3 States) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

223Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating

retailersstate10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 3) 465800 455000

23 Business Development Services (BDS) - Cluster Specific

231 Recruitment of Training Institute

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedback) 250 womenstate 5

training sessionsState (5) = 25 training sessions 50 womensession $20day

person-month

(lump sum) 5 2500 12500 12500

QBS or

individual

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

CommunitiesGovernment Other DonorsJFPR

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 26: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

24

A

pp

en

dix

3

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 45 5000 225000

Transportation costs (50person) person 750 50 37500 265500Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 30 100 3000

232 Phase 2 (2 states) Training of 5 groups (50 womengroup) from participating retailers 10800 10800

Lodge and boarding ($20day) 3 days day 30 5000 150000

Transportation costs (50person) person 500 50 25000 177000Rental of workshop rooms (100day 2 days) day 20 100 2000

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 4) 128600 110600

24 Technology and Appropriate Operations

241 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment)person-month

(lump sum) 6 10000 60000 60000

242 Technology (specific to MampE software) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 100 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

243 Appropriate Operations (participating retailers) 4 days 25 retailers

(2each) 100

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 50 100 5000 25300

Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 day) day 3 100 300

Recruitment of Training Institute (TI 5) 138600 120600

25 Enterprise Financing

251 Recruitment of Training Institute QBS

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact assessment) person-month 6 10000 60000 60000

252 Enterprise financing 4 days2521 Enterprise financing (targeting SIDBI) (wholesaler) 50 staff 50 9000 9000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

2522 Enterprise financing (retailers) 4 days25 retailers

(2each) 50

90009000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 50 middle-level staff day 4 5000 20000

Transportation costs (100person) person 100 100 10000 30300Rental of workshop rooms (100day 3 days) day 3 100 300

Component C Development of Financial Services for Low-Income Microentrepreneurs Subtotal 414000 41400031 Credit Guarantee Fund

Estimated number of loans 1200year $40year 3 years small loans 3600 40 144000 144000

32 Women Livelihoods Enterprise and Learning Advisers (LELA)

Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment) 4 LELAsState (20) (30 person-monthseach) $400month

person-month

(lump sum) 600 400 240000 240000

33 Recruitment of ITSoftware Consultant for Project-Specific Software person-month

(lump sum) 3 10000 30000 30000

COSTS CONTRIBUTIONS

JFPR Government Other Donors Communities

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 27: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Ap

pe

ndix

3 25

Code Supplies and Services Rendered Unit Quantity Cost TOTAL

Units Per Unit US$

AmountMethod of

Procurement

Component D Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results Subtotal 321100 316100 5000

41 Recruitment of National Research Institute (NRI) QBS

411 Conceptualization meeting organized by SIDBISFMC with NRI (10 persons) 3 days

Lodge and boarding (100day 3 dayseach) day 3 1000 3000 3000

Transportation costs (5000trip) trip 1 5000 5000 5000 Consulting services (developing imparting collecting feedbackimpact

assessment)

person-month

(lump sum) 8

10000 80000 80000

412 Setting and collection of baseline datainformation(a) Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [1 data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

(b) Endline datainformation collection report writing and production

Recruitment of senior consultant (1) person-month 4 10000 40000 40000

Consultant [data collectorState = 5 (4 months)] person-month 20 1000 20000 20000

42 Establishment of Rating System for Microenterprises

Consulting services lump-sum 1 50000 50000 50000Single Source

Selection

43Final Consultations Organized by SIDBISFMC with NRO Retailers Government

Donors and Other Stakeholders [3 days 125 persons] 50005000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 75 middle-level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Lodge and boarding (150day) 50 senior level staff day 3 7500 22500 22500

Transportation costs (100person) trip 125 100 12500 12500

Rental of workshop rooms [200day 3 days] day 3 200 600 600

Component E Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing Subtotal 807889 699889 108000

51 Project Management Cost month 36 2000 71089 71089

52 Meetings of Project Advisory Board [quarterly (9) [5 personseach] lump-sum 9 2000 18000 18000

53 Consulting Fees and Field Supervision CostsIndividual

consultant531 Project director person-month 36 1500 54000 54000

Lodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (250month) month 36 250 9000 9000

532 Training and capacity development specialist (GAD) person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

533 Communications and outreach specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 10 daysmonth day 360 100 36000 36000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

534 Procurement and consulting service specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

535 IT specialist person-month 36 850 30600 30600Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (100day) 5 daysmonth day 180 100 18000 18000

Transportation costs (100person) month 36 100 3600 3600

536 State project MampE coordinators (5) person-month 180 500 90000 90000Individual

consultantLodge and boarding (80day) 10 daysmonth day 1800 80 144000 144000

Transportation costs (100person) month 180 100 18000 18000

537 Appointment of auditorIndividual

consultantConsulting services lump-sum 15 15000 15000 15000

54 Equipment and supplies

541Office building and services (incl office space computersprinter urban city

transport and communication costs)unit 36 3000 108000 0 108000

Components A to E = Subtotal Subtotal 3034089 2830189 108000 95900

Contingency (Maximum 10 of total JFPR Contribution) 169811 169811

Total Grant Costs Total 3203900 3000000 108000 95900

Communities

CONTRIBUTIONSCOSTS

JFPR Government Other Donors

These amounts indicate the contribution of participants in workshops andor trainings calculated in terms of opportunity costs (30day for SIDBISFMC staff and 10day for women entrepreneurs BDS = business development services IT = Information technology JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction LELA = livelihoods enterprise and learning advisers MampE = monitoring and evaluation MFI = microfinance institution NRI = national research institute NRO = national resource organization NTI = national training institute QBS = quality based selection SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India SFMC = SIDBI Foundation for Microcredit TI = training institute

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 28: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

26 Appendix 4

FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT 1 For this grant the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will channel the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) funds directly to a JFPR imprest account which will be established managed replenished and liquidated by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in accordance with ADBrsquos Loan Disbursement Handbook (2007 as amended from time to time) and detailed arrangements agreed upon between the Government of India and ADB The implementing agency will adopt an imprest fund procedure wherein ADB makes an advance disbursement from the grant account for deposit to an imprest account at a commercial bank acceptable to ADB to be used exclusively for ADBrsquos share of eligible expenditures The amount to be deposited into the imprest account will not exceed 10 of the grant amount or 6-month estimated expenditures whichever is lower The statement of expenditures (SOE) procedure may be used for reimbursement of eligible expenditures and to liquidate advances provided into the imprest account provided that each individual payment does not exceed the equivalent of $10000 The payments in excess of the SOE ceiling will be replenished based on full supporting documentation SIDBI has established financial management capacity to institute adequate accounting procedures and controls to administer the imprest fund and SOE procedure1 2 Detailed implementation arrangements such as the flow replenishment and administrative procedures will be detailed in the grant administration memorandum and established through the JFPR letter of agreement2 Furthermore SIDBI will (i) maintain separate accounts for the JFPR grant (ii) have such accounts and related financial statements audited annually in accordance with appropriate auditing standards by an independent auditors acceptable to ADB (iii) furnish as soon as available but in any event not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year certified copies of these audited accounts financial statement and the report of the auditors relating thereto including auditorrsquos opinion on the use of the JFPR funds as well as on the use of the JFPR imprest account and SOE procedure provided under the grant and (iv) furnish to ADB such other information concerning such accounts and financial statements and the audit thereof as ADB requests

1 As indicated in the Financial Management Assessment of SIDBI attached to ADB 2009 Report and

Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

2 Interest earned on the JFPR imprest accounts can be used for grant activities subject to ADBs approval within

the approved total amount of the grant Upon completion of the grant and before closing of the JFPR imprest account any unused interest will be returned to the JFPR fund account maintained at ADB If the remittance fee and other bank charges are higher than the amount of interest earned there will be no need to return such interest to the JFPR account maintained at ADB

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 29: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 4 27

3 The funds flow arrangements are shown in Figure A4

ADB = Asian Development Bank SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank estimates

Figure A4 Fund Flow Arrangement

ADB

$138754

$1345458

$438840

$335066 Component D

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Results

Component C Development of

Financial Services for Low-Income Women Microentrepreneurs

Component A Institutionalization of Gender-Related Policies Strategies and Programs

Component B Training of Stakeholders Involved in Womens Entrepreneurship

Imprest Account held at SIDBI

Component E

Project Administration Implementation Support Monitoring and Auditing

$741882

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 30: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

28 Appendix 5

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

A Executing and Implementing Agencies 1 The Ministry of Finance will be the executing agency for this grant which will be implemented by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) through the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) The implementing agency must work in close collaboration with other government agencies for appropriate dissemination of best practices and lesson learning or replication SIDBI will also engage as needed with the Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises and the Ministry of Women and Child Development The grant will finance the recruitment of the following additional staff members to be based at SIDBI office in Lucknow (i) a project director (ii) a training and capacity development specialist (iii) a communication and outreach specialist (iv) a procurement and consulting service specialist (v) six state project monitoring and evaluation (MampE) coordinators to be based in the participating states and (vi) 20 livelihood enterprise and learning advisors for women 2 Project advisory committee A project advisory committee composed of technical sector experts will be established to oversee grant implementation It will comprise the executive director of SIDBI the chief general manager of SFMC and a representative from the ADB India Resident Mission as well as technical sector experts invited on an ad hoc basis to advise the committee on current trends andor actions to be taken to ensure the achievement of the proposed objectives of the grant The committee will meet quarterly and outside experts will be provided a sitting fee It will also provide guidance to the project director in the implementation of the grant-funded activities and be informed on progress in carrying out grant activities B Coordination with Other Development Partners 3 The grant will be implemented in consultation with relevant government agencies (at central and state levels) and through iterative consultations with the gender or womens sections of relevant industry associations chambers of commerce and on a national level nongovernment organizations The Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro small and medium-sized enterprises but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income female entrepreneurs 4 The team met with the Embassy of Japan (Daiki Suemistu first secretary [finance]) and JICA (Keiji Katai representative) during the fact-finding mission for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Project on 2 September and 21 October 1 Representatives of both the Embassy of Japan and JICA supported the rationale for the grant its pro-poor gender and capacity-building focus and its target of low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector Useful feedback was provided by the Embassy of Japan on the current impact of the global economic crisis in India and consensus was reached on the need to limit the proposed intervention to selected five lagging states JICA shared useful information on the six lines of credit provided to SIDBI in the past and shared with the team relevant information on impact assessments carried out by JICA on SIDBI-implemented projects

1 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial

Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 31: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 5 29

C Implementation Schedule 5 The grant is to be implemented over a period of 36 months An inception mission will finalize the grant administration memorandum and review and endorse the proposed schedule of activities All disbursements under the grant will be implemented within this period

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Source Supporting microentrepreneurship for womens empowerment in selected states

LELA = Livelihoods Enterprise amp Learning Advisers MFI = microfinance institution NBFC = nonbanking financial company SIDBI = Small Industries Bank of India Source Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment

Figure A5 Schematic Implementation Arrangement

Women Microentrepreneurs

National Training Institutes

National Research Institute

SIDBI

NBFC Microfinance institutions (MFIs)

National Resource Organization

Banks (including cooperative banks)

LELAs

Ministry of Finance

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 32: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

30 Appendix 5

D Procurement and Consulting Services 6 All procurement under the grant will be in accordance with ADBs Procurement Guidelines (2007 as amended from time to time) SFMC will select and subcontract national resource organizations and research and training institutes in compliance with ADBs Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2007 as amended from time to time) in accordance with the quality-based selection method The terms of reference for consulting services are given in Appendix 7 The services of the Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be retained in accordance with the single source selection method E Environmental and Social Safeguards 7 As the activities will focus on strengthening the capacity of female microentrepreneurs to access financial resources services and market opportunities there will be no social or environmental safeguard issues2 F Monitoring and Supervision 8 The implementing agency will establish an MampE system to assess the social and gender equality results of financed activities of this grant In particular the implementing agency will be responsible for documentation of changes in the lives of female entrepreneurs with respect to mutually agreed upon variables with SIDBI and participating retailers capacity-building training to monitor comprehension retention and application through periodic surveys with women entrepreneurs and software to document the disbursement of loans to microenterprises using sex-disaggregated data and to capture increase in applications and repayment rates of female microentrepreneurs from baseline to grant end 9 The baseline and grant end data will include quantitative and qualitative indicators agreed with SIDBI at grant onset and effectively monitored during project implementation including changes in number and percentage of entrepreneurs who move into a higher part of the value chain change in womens or household income expenditure consumption and nutritional status access to medical facilities and health care and self-confidence An impact assessment consisting of primary data collection at baseline and grant end will be conducted by the national research institute 10 With a view to mainstreaming financing of the missing middle and providing additional comfort to the lending institutions the rating of microenterprises will be developed The Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency (SMERA) will be recruited to develop test and implement a rating module targeting the specific needs of microenterprises Once developed and tested it could be used for rating at a fee The costs of rating of some of the targeted female microenterprises in the identified five states will also be covered

2 An environmental appraisal of SFMC activities was carried out by the Society for Participatory Research in Asia

Delhi covering areas such as identifying environmental risks associated with some of the most relevant activities funded through the SFMC microfinance route developing a format for identifying these risks and drawing up some simple guidelines on risk mitigation The appraisal covered 15 partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) of the bank located in and around Bhubaneswar Chennai Hyderabad and Kolkata The same has been advised to all SFMC partner MFIs and it has been impressed upon them to implement the same in the larger interests of the sector The items that form the restrictive list for general financing under the guidelines of the bank include chemical dyes and dye intermediates industrial oxygen distilleries and industries consuming or producing ozone-depleting substances As an additional safeguard SIDBI and its partner MFIs will apply the ADB-prohibited investment activity list to screen loan applications from microentrepreneurs

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 33: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 5 31

G Reporting Requirements 11 The implementing agency will prepare brief bimonthly progress reports addressing grant implementation progress issues and concerns The reports should be concise and kept to a maximum of 5 pages Reports should be circulated by email to the executing agencies the Ministry of Finance and ADB ADB requires that a semiannual JFPR status report be submitted SIDBI has a comprehensive internal audit system as well as a statutory audit conducted by external auditors as mandated by the SIDBI Act ADB Internal Audit Department undertakes on a periodic basis the operational and management audit of ADBrsquos operations pertaining to all departments including SFMC The Reserve Bank of India the central bank of the country also undertakes audits of SIDBIrsquos operations from time to time The financial statements of SIDBI as at the end of the financial year are audited by the statutory auditors

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 34: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

32 Appendix 6

SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY

India Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Womens Empowerment in Selected States

LendingFinancing Modality

Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Project

Department Division

South Asia Department Financial Sector Public Management and Trade Division

I POVERTY ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Link to the National Poverty Reduction Strategy and Country Partnership Strategy Despite recent rapid economic growth poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have one of the largest concentrations of poor people in the world and to house one third of the worlds poor According to the criterion used by the Planning Commission of India 275 of the population (or nearly 302 million people) were living below the poverty line in 2004ndash2005 down from 513 in 1977ndash1978 and 36 in 1993ndash1994 marking a pace of reduction less than 1 per year

1 About 221 million people

(72 of the poor) live in rural areas and most depend on subsistence farming for their livelihood Among them 59 are small landholders marginal farmers and landless labors two thirds of agricultural laborers are women Rural poverty was 283 and urban poverty was 257 in 2004ndash2005 An estimated 343 of the people lived on less than $1 per day in 2004ndash2005 with 804 of people living on less than $2 per day

2 According to the World Banks new estimates based on purchasing

power parity exchange rates and domestic prices for 2005 42 of the population lived on less than $125 per day in 2005 compared with 499 in 1993ndash1994 The new estimate also shows that 756 people lived on less than $2 per day in 2005

3

Poverty in India is partly attributed to the overconcentration of the workforce in agriculture with corresponding low productivity In 2007 about 56 of the total population depended on agriculture while agriculture contributed 18 to the gross national product It is anticipated that the slowdown of the growth momentum will have implications for poverty The proposed Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) grant is in line with the priorities set out by the government in its 11th five-year plan which considers the micro and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector and more specifically the importance assigned to the support for womenrsquos empowerment in the Prime Ministerrsquos 15-point program and in other flagship schemes of the government

4

Support for inclusive growth and catalyzing investment through innovative financing modalities are two of the strategic pillars of the India country partnership strategy (CPS footnote d) The CPS emphasizes the need for promoting financial sector and SME development and supporting gender equity issues and concerns With respect to SME development the CPS explicitly states that (i) the provision of information markets technology and business development services should include mechanisms to promote womens and their enterprises participation and (ii) gender-based barriers to access finance should be analyzed and addressed (footnote a p 203) The grant responds to the commitment to gender-inclusive financial sector and SME development set out in the CPS by engaging with Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) and its partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) in further advancing their commitment to pro-poor social gender-inclusive focus of their operations while at the same time addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income female entrepreneurs The grant is attached to the (upcoming) Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project which supports micro and SME access to term finance The grant will complement the proposed approach under the project by providing much-needed capacity development support to low-income women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

5

B Poverty Analysis Targeting Classification General intervention

1 Key Issues The micro and SME sector is a microcosm of all vulnerabilitiesmdashit touches upon the lives of minorities women belonging to castes and tribes in the villages and in the urban slums and in the deprived pockets of flourishing towns and cities For many families it is the only source of livelihood For others it supplements family income Women are mostly found in the unregistered sectormdashfood-processing enterprises manufacturing enterprises and weavingmdashand often work part-time in family enterprises Female-led enterprises are micro- and small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 35: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 6 33

51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or as members of a cooperative society In India rural enterprises owned by women are smaller younger and more likely to be informal and home-based Female entrepreneurs are less educated and have significantly less access to medium- to long-term credit Banks and other financial institutions generally prefer large enterprise clients because of the lower transaction costs and greater availability of collateral Some of the micro and SMEs also fall outside the reach of microfinance schemes and are thus compelled to depend more on informal sources of funds at higher interest rates The lack of positive attitude and confidence of loan officers in female entrepreneurs managerial skills further affects their access to credit It has been estimated that the limited credit availability for micro and SMEs in India resulted in the loss of 30 million person-days of potential employment over a 5-year study period

2 Design Features The Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project will ensure that different segments of micro and SMEs are reached The smaller and newer micro and small enterprises will be targeted through the loan to SIDBI while the larger medium-sized enterprises that have limited access to bank finance will be targeted under the partial credit guarantee facility The two financing methods effectively complement each other The partial credit guarantee component will not only help expose Indias public sector banks to the international capital markets and facilitate capital market development it will also bring in additional funds for the micro and SME sector which has great potential to support income and employment generation The additionality is important especially in the context of the governments enhanced borrowing programmdashpartly a result of its stimulus packagemdashand the concerns of crowding out that it has raised Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggests that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit available to microentrepreneurs (predominantly women) who want to graduate from MFI support and move into the formal (financial) sector With this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to specifically help low-income female entrepreneurs Based on extensive interaction with government nongovernment and other civil society organizations the need to provide dedicated capacity development support to low-income female microentrepreneurs was identified as critical These needs will be addressed through proposed technical assistance to be financed by JFPR In addition to the stated capacity development initiatives the grant will support innovative approaches to promoting womens microentrepreneurship in selected states with high poverty levels and weak capacity

II SOCIAL ANALYSIS AND STRATEGY

A Findings of Social Analysis The debate on financial services to poor and low-income households in India has revolved around the rural population since the time that banks were first nationalized Unlike rural financial intermediation flow of financial resources to urban populations was never a matter of serious debate in India The tendency among microfinance intermediaries to move toward urban centers came only after it was found that rural markets were reaching a saturation point Still now the self-help groupsrsquo bank linkage model remains predominantly a rural phenomenon The first targeted credit program with focus on enterprise and a self-employment opportunity in urban areas was launched in 1989 during the 7th five-year plan period (1985ndash1990) Various urban poverty alleviation schemes with a credit focus introduced in India since 1989 reveal a top-down approach broadly speaking

6 Credit flow from formal financial institutions

to urban population groups steadily increased in India since the 1970s and this has come to be concentrated in large cities and larger credit brackets Though the social banking efforts of the central bank and the government financial intermediation in rural areas has also gone through a phase of expansion the low-income asset holding segments of urban areas have largely been bypassed by such overall expansion in financial intermediation While the statersquos poverty alleviation approach has steadily expanded from mere provision of basic amenities and services to facilitating creation of income earning opportunities it has failed to make any significant impact on the urban poor

B Consultation and Participation

1 Provide a summary of the consultation and participation (CampP) process during project preparation

An initial stakeholder analysis was carried out by the ADB team and stakeholders were identified

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 36: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

34 Appendix 6

through intensive consultation with relevant staff at ADB headquarters and the India Resident Mission At the government level the SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit is one of the most active and innovative players involved in targeting the specific needs faced by women microentrepreneurs in India In addition the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries Ministry of Small Scale Industries and Ministry of Women and Child Development have programs targeting the needs and constraints faced by women making available dedicated credit lines and a range of capacity-building initiatives The Ministry of Women and Child Development has also been implementing the National Credit Fund for Women (Rashtriya Mahila Kosh) which provides microfinance services and consumption and production loans without collateral requirements to low-income women for livelihood activities housing family needs and microenterprise With respect to the private sector confederations of industries have been active in supporting capacity-building initiatives among their members These include the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India Confederation of Indian Industry Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation of Indian Micro and Small and Medium Enterprises and Federation of Small and Medium Industries Among the nongovernment agencies the team identified the Self Employed Womens Association as one of the most relevant MFIs In terms of training institutes the Indian School of Microfinance for Women has been implementingmdashamong othersmdasha range of rather innovative programs with a strong gender focus Agence Franccedilaise de Deacuteveloppement Department for International Development of the United Kingdom GTZ International Finance Corporation Japan International Cooperation Agency KfW and World Bank have all been involved in the promotion of micro and SMEs but with no specific gender focus andor targeting of low-income women entrepreneurs

2 What level of CampP is envisaged during the project implementation and monitoring

Information sharing Consultation Collaborative decision making Empowerment

3 Was a CampP plan prepared Yes No Please explain The grant will promote consultation among different stakeholders which include the government (at both central and state levels) staff from SIDBI partner MFIs nonbanking financial companies and banks (including cooperative banks) clients womenrsquos civil society nongovernment organizations and associations and networks of female entrepreneurs CampP approaches will be mainstreamed in all aspects of grant activities which include stocktaking workshops and stocktaking results dissemination workshops as well as exchange and lateral-learning initiatives among SIDBI retailers in selected states (component A) A broad range of training and capacity development activities (component B) will also be carried out and will use participatory approaches and methods A communications and outreach specialist will be recruited at SIDBI to ensure effective communication and outreach to SIDBI staff stakeholders and partners (component E) In this context and considering that no negative safeguard issues or any other negative social impacts will arise from the grant there is no need to set up a CampP plan Participatory approaches will be mainstreamed in every aspect of the grant activities

C Gender and Development

1 Key Issues Female enterprises are small-scale enterprises managed by one or more women as a proprietary concern or in which she or they individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51 as partners shareholders directors of a private limited company or members of a cooperative society Evidence collected during the fact-finding mission and discussions with various government agencies the private sector and multilateral and bilateral donors suggest that the credit crunch arising from the global economic crisis has accentuated the shortage of credit for low-income female microentrepreneursmdashespecially located in urban andor periurban settingsmdashwith severe repercussions on livelihoods Micro and SMEs benefit women both directly in terms of wages and indirectly by supplementing family incomes reducing drudgery and providing sustainable social capital In particular when womenrsquos incomes increase the entire household benefits Hence it makes sense to invest in the economic empowerment of women Against this backdrop offering financing alone will not be sufficient to target the specific needs and constraints faced by low-income women entrepreneurs The need to support capacity development interventions was discussed and agreed as critical through the finalization of a grant-financed technical

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 37: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 6 35

assistance for capacity development support to female entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector This aspect would be addressed through the establishment of a technical assistance facility that would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector 2 Key Actions

Gender plan Other actionsmeasures No actionmeasure The grant will adopt a two-pronged approach to address gender-related issues as follows (i) ordinary capital resources loan of which at least 30 will be earmarked for lending to qualified female microentrepreneurs and (ii) the JFPR grant whereby a technical assistance facility would provide capacity development to women entrepreneurs in the unorganized sector

III SOCIAL SAFEGUARD ISSUES AND OTHER SOCIAL RISKS

Issue SignificantLimited No Impact

Strategy to Address Issue Plan or Other Measures Included in Design

Involuntary Resettlement

No Impact No involuntary resettlement will be triggered

No impact Full plan Short plan Resettlement

framework No action

Indigenous Peoples

Limited Impact No adverse issues related to indigenous peoples or ethnic minorities are anticipated Rather female indigenous peoples will benefit from expanded access to financial resources and services through the target interventions to female-led micro and SMEs

No impact Plan Other action Indigenous peoples

framework No action

Labor Employment

opportunities Labor

retrenchment Core labor

standards

The grant will promote greater access of women microentrepreneurs (mostly unorganized sector workers) to financial services Training and capacity development initiatives will introduce notions of gender awareness labor rights and core labor standards and contribute to greater knowledge and possibly application of such standards

No impact Plan Other action No action

Affordability The grant will promote greater access of female-led micro and SMEs to affordable financial

No impact Action No action

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 38: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

36 Appendix 6

resources and services and thus possibly to contribute to reducing the costs and prices of manufactured goods and services

Other Risks andor Vulnerabilities

HIVAIDS Human

trafficking Others

No other risks or vulnerabilities have been identified

No impact Plan Other action No action

IV MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Are social indicators included in the design and monitoring framework to facilitate monitoring of social development activities andor social impacts during project implementation Yes No

1 Government of India 2007 Eleventh Five-Year Plan 2007-2012 Delhi

2 United Nations Development Programme 2007 Human Development Index New York

3 httpiresearchworldbankorgPovcalNetjspindexjsp

4 ADB 2009 Country Partnership Strategy India 2009ndash2012 Manila (p 106)

5 ADB 2009 Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Proposed Loan and Partial Credit Guarantee to India for the Micro Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development Project Manila

6 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana is the first such urban scheme launched by the government in which

community-based organizations especially ones for poor urban women were recognized as the critical points of delivery of benefits

Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 39: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 7 37

OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 The implementation team will be composed of SIDBI-based national consultants (i) one project director (36 person-months) (ii) one training and capacity development specialist (36 person-months) (iii) one advocacy and communications outreach specialist (36 person-months) (iv) one contracting and procurement specialist (36 person-months) (v) five state project coordinators (36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) (vi) 20 women livelihood enterprise learning advisors (30 person-months each or 600 person-months) and (vii) one information technology expert (36 person-months) SIDBI will also recruit (a) one national research institute [monitoring and evaluation expert (8 person-months) and data collectors (5 8 person-months each or 40 person-months total] (b) one national resource organization [capacity development expert (4 person-months)] (c) five training institutes [gender microfinance and microentrepreneurship experts (50 person-months)] to undertake needs assessment baseline research develop MampE and implement capacity development activities of partner MFIs The identity and qualifications of each of the proposed consultants will be detailed by each short-listed national resource organization and research and training institute in its simplified technical proposal as this will be given significant weight in evaluation of such proposals Finally an accounting firm [auditor (15 person-months)] will be retained to carry out the audit requirements of the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR) Specific terms of reference are outlined below A Project Director (36 person-months) 2 The project director will be responsible for the administration and management of all activities under the grant The consultant will manage the implementation team and be responsible for ensuring the coordination of all initiatives under the grant with emphasis on (i) ensuring the timely engagement of all implementation teams consultants (ii) managing the consultants effectively through the promotion of teamwork exchange and cross-fertilization of experience among team members (iii) ensuring the timely and effective implementation of all grant activities with emphasis on adequate sequencing (iv) documenting social and gender-related results and (v) promoting effective exchange of information among team members with SIDBI at its headquarters in Lucknow Delhi and other relevant branches The consultant will report to the general manager of SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (SFMC) andor any other staff assigned by the SFMC chief general manager 3 In addition the project director will develop and maintain a good working relationship with relevant agencies and function as the main contact between the grant SIDBI the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and ADBs India Resident Mission partner microfinance institutions (MFIs) and banks Main activities include overseeing the procurement of goods and services and the recruitment of partnering research resource and training institutes The consultant will also be responsible for the withdrawal of funds to implement all grant-related activities The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) at least 10 years of experience in managing team and stakeholder relations (iii) experience with international projects (iv) a high degree of independence and responsibility (v) a result-oriented fact-based management approach and (vi) excellent interpersonal and communication skills B Training and Capacity Development Specialist (36 person-months)

4 The training and capacity development specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the organization

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 40: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

38 Appendix 7

sequencing oversight and management of all training activities financed under the grant through direct interaction with national resource organizations research and training institutes that will be retained under the grant The consultant will liaise with relevant staff members of SIDBI partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full input in the finalization of the training programs and modules their information about available training opportunities and their information on available training modules regularly update solicit interest and monitor the availability of relevant staff before finalizing the training schedule proactively support an environment of knowledge sharing and contribute to develop the attitudes needed to bring about the desired organizational changes within SIDBI partner MFIs and banks The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience in capacity development of business associations (iii) an ability to organize own workload and work without constant supervision (iv) experience in supporting the capacity development of training staff and (v) experience andor a good theoretical knowledge of MFI management and organizational structures

Table A7 Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

Topic Target Participants Participants Total Days

A Knowledge Generation Management and Dissemination

1 Initial consultations

Initial stocktaking workshop (1) SIDBI 20 participants 20 3

Stocktaking results dissemination workshop (6)

SIDBI 20 participants 100 3

2 Exchange and lateral learning (3) SIDBI (wholesaler) MFI (retailer)

20 participantsstate 100 3

3 Final consultations (1) SIDBI 30 125 3

Retailers 40

Government 20

Donors 20

Other stakeholders 15

B Training and Capacity Development Initiatives

1 Gender in microfinance and entrepreneurship (1)

SIDBI (wholesaler) 20 20 4

MFI (retailers) 2 participants each retailer (25)

50 3

2 Financial literacy for microentrepreneurs (6)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

3 Leadership and communication (6) Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

4 Business development services Cluster-specific (3 cluster trainingstate)

Women microentrepreneurs

250 participants in 5 selected States

1200 3

5 MampE software training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

6 Appropriate operations training (1) Participating retailers

2 participants each Retailer (25)

50 4

7 Enterprise financing (1)

SIDBI 50 50 3

Retailers 50 50 3 MampE = monitoring amp evaluation MFI = microfinance institution SIDBI = Small Industries Development Bank of India Source Asian Development Bank

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 41: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 7 39

C Advocacy and Communications Outreach Specialist (36 person-months) 5 The communications and outreach specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will perform the following tasks (i) assist the project director and other team members in building partnerships with SIDBI retail MFIs and banks with emphasis on promoting greater awareness and access by partner MFIs to female microentrepreneurs in the ―missing middle (ii) develop the grantrsquos communication and outreach strategy with particular focus to each of the target groups (iii) assist the implementation team in increasing the awareness and commitment of decision makers to gender equity and womens empowerment (iv) assist in promoting public awareness on grant-related aspects through mass media and communications (v) participate in and oversee the elaboration of promotional materials (vi) handle information dissemination and awareness-raising activities (vii) assist in organization of all grant-related workshops and seminars and (viii) organize and oversee public awareness campaigns under the grant The required qualifications are (i) an advanced university degree in public administration economics andor social sciences (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems D Contracting and Procurement Specialist (36 person-months) 6 The contracting and procurement specialist will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultant will be responsible for the financial administration of the grant and provide the project director with budgetary financial management accounting and administrative services support by designing implementing and supervising prerequisite budgetary financial accounting and administrative systems in conformity with the requirements of SIDBI the comptroller and auditor general of India ADB and JFPR The consultant will draft terms of references for expert(s) andor specialized service provider(s) under the grant participate in the selection process and make arrangements to obtain the necessary funds from the joint ADBndashJFPR imprest account The consultant will also establish and maintain imprest and other accounts acceptable to the government and ADB ensure appropriate systems for financial control and maintain checks and balances in respect to all financial matters and expenditure items He or she should prepare recurrent and capital expenditure budgets for the grant in line with approved funding arrangements The required qualifications are (i) academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management (ii) 5 years of relevant experience at the national or international level in public relations communications or advocacy (iii) previous experience with a multilateral or international organization and (iv) experience in the use of computers and office software packages and good knowledge and experience in handling of web-based management systems E State Project Coordinators (5 36 person-months each or 180 person-months total) 7 The state project coordinators will work under the overall supervision of (and report to) the project director The consultants will be located in relevant SIDBI branches in participating states They will be responsible for (i) ensuring the adequate implementation of the grant at the state level through day-to-day interaction with the project director and implementation team (ii) liaising with all state partner MFIs and banks to ensure their full information and knowledge about the training capacity development and innovative financial services provided under the

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 42: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

40 Appendix 7

grant (iii) developing and updating procedural guidelines on livelihood programming and incorporating lessons learned during implementation (iv) advising and facilitating strengthening of collaborations at various levels with rights-based groups for their effective access to the opportunities and benefits provided by the ADB loan and related grant and other financial resources and services (v) collecting and documenting promising practices and (vi) interacting with the livelihood enterprise learning advisors in all areas related to the performance of their mandates The required qualification is academic experience in accounting business finance law contracts purchasing economics industrial management marketing quantitative methods or organization and management F Women Livelihood Enterprise and Learning Advisors (20 30 person-months each or

600 person-months total) 8 The advisors (20 in partner MFIs) will be located in participating MFIs in the five selected states The responsibility of each will include (i) assisting in identifying the female microentrepreneurs for the grant (ii) helping them with respect to the use of the credit taken (iii) advising them on the running of their enterprise and overseeing repayment of credit and (iv) helping them in their capacity development The presence of the advisors will ensure careful selection of the clients repayment and proper use of credit The advisors will also build relationships of trust with female entrepreneurs and obviate the need for collateral on the part of the lenders The required qualification is academic experience in social sciences economics and business or finance (preferably with formal training on gender and development) G Information Technology Expert (36 person-months) 9 The information technology expert will have overall responsibility of all hardware and software aspects of the proposed JFPR grant The consultant will review the systems of the participating institutions with a view to bringing uniformity in the technology used The consultant will provide support to the monitoring and evaluation expert in designing and supervision of monitoring tools for tracking quantitative and qualitative deliverables under the grant and for impact evaluation The required qualification is academic experience in computer software and management information systems development and practical experience in project MampE H Monitoring and Evaluation Expert (8 person-months) and Data Collectors (5 8

person-months each or 40 person-months total) 10 A national research institute will be engaged to conduct monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the grant The Team will be composed of (a) Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist (8 person-months) with research capacities and experience in conducting high-quality rigorous research who will be responsible for preparing the monitoring framework in consultation with SIDBI and other key stakeholders and (b) Data Collectors (5 8 person-monthseach) who will be carrying out the baseline and endline data collection following proper sampling procedures and undertaking the sample process in the entire survey Included in the framework is a list of qualitative and quantitative indicators and issues to be covered methodology for collecting data and a schedule of execution It will cover impacts such as improvement in household income and expenditure living conditions access to health care facilities and changes in gender relations and well-being of target groups The institute will also carry out a baseline survey and prepare baseline and grant end data Output from this task will be the baseline and grant end data report final consultations and an impact assessment report To be eligible for funding the institute must

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 43: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

Appendix 7 41

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have published a wide range of social development and gender-related academic research and action-research reports in local languages andor in English of international quality

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to relevant publications and events and

(iv) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

I Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) 11 A national resource organization will be engaged to conduct a gender scan and stocktaking exercise of SIDBI and its partner retailers MFIs and other stakeholders An in-house Capacity Development Expert (4 person-months) with research andor training capacities will be responsible for developing a methodology and conducting a gender-related capacity needs assessment for the stocktaking and will inform the design of initiatives set forth in components A and B The output from this task will be a report of stocktaking results from the initial consultations and a capacity needs assessment to be used as reference for the capacity-development initiatives of the grant To be eligible for funding the national resource organization must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have operated for at least 5 years and have a thorough understanding of microfinance and microenterprise

(ii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks

(iii) have experience in vocational and skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in assessing the social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

J Gender Microfinance and Microentrepreneurship Experts (50 person-months) 12 A national training institute will be engaged to conduct activities set forth in component B The institute will have extensive training capacities and experience in conducting high-quality training for microfinance and microenterprise institutions with an ability to identify and attract high-quality resource persons The Team will be composed of (a) Gender in microfinance and microentrepreneurship expert (3 person-months) (b) Financial literacy for microentrepreneurship leadership and communication expert (30 person-months) (c) Business Development Services expert (5 person-months) and (d) Software and Microfinance Expert (6 person-months) and (e) Enterprise financing expert (6 person-months) Output from this task is the completion of the five training initiatives organized across the five participating states To be eligible for funding the institute must

(i) be a not-for-profit organization have worked on microfinance and micro enterprises for at least 5 years

(ii) have experience in microfinance and microenterprise skills training with a demonstrated record in gender programming

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE
Page 44: India: Supporting Microentrepreneurship for Women's ... · SMERA – Small and Medium Enterprises Rating Agency SOE – statement of expenditure TA – technical assistance NOTES

42 Appendix 7

(iii) have long-term presence and credibility within microfinance and microenterprise groups and national gender networks demonstrated by its contribution to them

(iv) have a track record of collaborative partnerships with national and possibly with provincial or district government agencies in building the capacity of social and gender-related aspects of development and

(v) maintain a proper accounting and financial system and have been audited annually

13 In the interests of the gender-sensitivity training developed based upon the needs assessment the resource and training organization may be the same to ensure customization and relevance to SIDBI and SIDBI partners However due to the possibility of a conflict of interest the research and training organizations must be different entities K Auditor (15 months) 14 A public accounting firm will be engaged to conduct an annual internal audit of grant accounts covering all operations at all levels The key internal audit functions will be to ascertain (i) whether the operating systems of internal checks and controls are effective (ii) the reliability of financial and physical reports (iii) the extent to which the systems in place prevent misuse of grant assets and (iv) that the financial rules and procedures of ADB are followed The auditors will be required to provide a report to the implementation team highlighting findings of the audit The audit will be conducted in accordance with internationally accounting and auditing standards and financial reporting systems The scope of annual auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities Annual auditors must (i) review the reliability and integrity of financial and operating information and the means used to identify measure classify and report such information (ii) review the grant accounts and procurement procedures to check compliance with ADB and government guidelines (iii) review the means of safeguarding the assets including civil works goods equipment consultancy services and other aspects procured under the grant and as appropriate verify the existence of such assets (iv) appraise the economy and efficiency with which grant resources are employed and (v) review the grant activities to ascertain whether results are consistent with established objectives and targets and whether they are being carried out as planned The public accounting firm will submit reports annually within 1 month after completion of the audit at the end of each financial year to the project director with a copy to the Ministry of Finance and ADBrsquos India Resident Mission The report should contain a letter indicating the purpose scope results and major findings of the audit and an expression of the audit opinion

  • JFPR Grant Proposal
  • JFPR Grant Proposal Background Information
  • Appendixes
    • DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK
    • SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES
    • DETAILED COST ESTIMATES
    • FUND FLOW ARRANGEMENT
    • IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
    • SUMMARY POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL STRATEGY
    • OUTLINE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE