India reimagined redefined reignited 2013 14 anil gupta iima

India redefined, reimagined, reignited: A Perspective on Grassroots, Youthful Creativity and

Innovation

Minds on the margin are not marginal minds

anil gupta, IIMA, sristi.org Honey Bee Network and NIF

[email protected] -

Honey Bee Network founded in 1987-1988 A nameless, faceless innovator or traditional knowledge holder comes into contact with the Network and gets an identity, voice, visibility and viability of its sustainable vision .

Intellectual capital

Ethical Capital ( internal regulations)

Social capital Trust, reciprocity and third party sanctions

External regulation

Intellectual property ( that part of ic from the

commercial applications of which, one can exclude others for a given

period of time)

Natural capital ( commoditization of

resources, stored, sold, exchanged,

controlled) Source: Gupta, 2001

Five tensions: a) Autonomy and agency b) Accuracy versus affordability c) Blue print versus autopoiesis (blended, bundled and

bridged innovations) d)  Institution led -user adopted to user-created or co-

created and corporate adopted-reverse innovation e) Symmetrical versus asymmetrical open innovation

models

Long tail of innovation (only a few innovations achieve scale, a large number sell a few

pieces or in a few communities)

Long nose of innovation: Take long time to come into market

Room for maneuver

Transformation is possible : Story of five transformations

a) New Chemistry of sustainability equation: circular economy: b) From market led to market disruption: new forms of alliances: TATA agrico and a small innovator, BUHLER, ST Microelectronics, TATA Steel, c)  Frugal, friendly, flexible and futuristic heuristics d)  New models of learning from below: inverted model of innovation-children invent, engg fabricate, companies commercialise e)  New models of financing and co-creation – techpedia.in, empathetic innovations

Dimensions of Inclusion

– Spaces – Sectors – Seasons: stable to fluctuating – Social segments – Skills and knowledge

Inclusive Innovation

Extreme affordability

• Less material

• Local material

• Repairable features

• Upgradable features

• Aspirational connect

• Sticking to essentials

• 

Affordable

Accessible

available

high

low

H L

h

L

Assumption is that products or services are known, people are aware, but can they afford these, access these and if can access, can they avail them,

Material Old new

method

Old

New

Use or applications

old

New

Innovation: at least one of the three dimensions should be New

Frugality Imperatives Material: frugality in quantity, replacement, maintenance, waste recycling Method: distributed, concentrated, iterative versus blue print, self-correcting, local repaired or repaired from outside, or blended Application: low end, high end, diversified or specialized locally modifieable or only experts can fix or make, robust versus sophisticated application, makeshift or permanent,

Frugality is flexible

Frugality is friendly

Frugality is extremely affordable

• Value chain redesign,

•  reciprocal open innovation platform

Circular Economy

Learning platforms from concrete to abstract

1) Artefactual - replication of similar design 2) Analogic - metaphor to inspire 3) Heuristic - models of thinking 4) Gestalt - configurational of factors

Gupta, 2012, Own compilation

Four levels of learning

Learning at four levels:

Higher the interlinkage, greater

the depth, diversity AND development

Mohammed Usman Hanif Patel, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, class two

Artefactual level

Student Team : M. B. Avinash ,T. Govindaraju, Carsten Schmuck, Elisabeth Verheggen Supervisor Name: Dr T. Aravind Govindaraju; College Name: JNCASR www.techpedia.in

Analogic level

Self-Cleaning Molecular Material

creativity, compassion, communication and collaboration

anil

Honey Bee Network www.Sristi.org/anilg [email protected]

[email protected] www.nifindia.org

Techpedia.in

Autopoiesis at grassroots for inclusive development

creativity, compassion, communication and

collaboration

Low  Cost  Wind  mill      Mehtar  Hussain  and  Mushtaq  Ahmad,  Assam    Over  35  units  installed  in  salt  farming  regions  of  Gujarat  to  improve  livelihood  of  poor  salt  farmers    

New  heuris9cs:    Maximizing  output  per  unit  of  9me  and  smoothening  the  flow  are    not  always  sustainable    

Innova&on  by  Mehtar  Husain  and  Mushtaq  Ahmed    from    Assam  to  Gujarat      

Just 70 Euro

Stronger, durable version, 900 euro, saves diesel worth 700 euro in one season of salt making

Heuristic level Uniform flow versus flow in spurts

Is maximisation of output always good?

GESTALT LEVEL CREATING open source PUBLIC STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE

Meghalaya

Technology is like words,

institutions are

like grammar and culture is like

thesaurus

Three pillars of sustainability

GESTALT level

The President of India honours grassroots innovators, launches National Innovation Clubs and hosts an innovation exhibition at the President’s house; NIF becomes an Institute of Department of Science and Technology

Initiative to Institutionalisation

The former President awards children innovators every year at the IGNITE Award function by NIF at IIMA Initiative to Institutionalisation

National Innovation Clubs •  Search: Celebrating the decade of

innovation by scouting and mapping the creativity and innovations in the hinterland

•  Spread: Disseminating/Cross-pollinating innovations across spaces, social segments and sectors

•  Sense or Benchmark: Identifying the roots of persistent problems and the mindsets that trigger their continued tolerance in society to solve problems

•  Celebrate: Recognising achievers in different social spheres

Few Variations of Bullet Santi / Handio

Service at your door step Sheikh Jahangir, Jalgaon, Maharshtra

Fortune at the Top of the

Ethical and Innovation Pyramid

Scooter mounted flour mill

Scooter based washing machine

Being short of material resources, it is inevitable that the Poor optimize mental resources (imagination ) resulting in extremely affordable, frugal and accessible innovations

Md Rojadeen: Champaran, Bihar cooker for coffee, frothy espresso anywhere !!!!!!!!

Bicyle Refrigerator For Rural Areas Student/ Author : Sagar Chandrakant Gadkar, Amol Raghunath Kachare, Sanjay Shivaji Kachare, Suyog Hanmant Jadhav Guided By : Prof. S. A. Khot College : Padmabhushan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of technology, Budhgaon, Sangli It is a 50 lit capacity, refrigerator which is powered by a rear wheel of bicycle. To achieve the required rpm of compressor we provide a larger pulley of dia 20 inch on rear wheel shaft through which pulley we run the compressor and achieved the required output. Steady paddling of bicycle at 14 km/hr. for 30 minutes at an ambient temperature of 35 C, brings down the temperature in box to 8 C.

Andhra Pradesh

Meghalaya

Mizoram

Energy – new heuristics Do we harvest it efficiently? Can our mothers from the North East and Southern India teach us some thing

new?

Arnab, West Bengal

Frontiers of frugality

Mohammed Usman Hanif Patel, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, class two

Frontiers of frugality

www.techpedia.in

•  a portal by SRISTI (sristi.org) pooling 167,000 engineering projects by 400k students from over 600 institutions

•  engaging with youth

Shanu Sharma, Vardan, IITK

Image, Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis

for people with hearing and speaking disabilities

Saurabh Saket and Rahul Ranjan Bhutta College of Engineering & Technology, Ludhiana

Has any big company given you a fridge that also provides hot water, keeps food warm and consumes less electricity?

Lpg gas based refrigerator Chintan, Mayank, Biren Mehsana

Hot water from fridge Dhruv Mehsana

Exhaust pipe cools drivers cabin, Pune

Innovation

Investment Enterprise

GOLDEN TRIANGLE for rewarding CREATIVITY

Leadership is to take note of ex ante and ex post transaction costs and deal with them upfront, If not, these are transferred to the weaker partner

Milking machines

•  M a n u a l l y o p e r a t e d , s e m i a u t o m a t i c a n d a u t o m a t i c machines for milking cows which can milk cows using a set of reciprocating vacuum pump and suction assembly unit

•  Machine can milks 1.5 litre to 2 litres per minute.

Commercialization

•  Over 5000 pcs are sold •  NIF signed MoU with Suntec Agri

Equipements Pvt Ltd, which will sell 6000 pcs per annum through their 55 Agrimart retail outlets and 600 dealer network spread across the country.

•  The cost of machine is 15-25k

Innovator: Shri Raghava Gowda, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka

Biomass Gasification System Innovator : Shri Rai Singh Dahiya, Jaipur, Rajasthan

•  Unique gasification unit and filtering mechanism. Producer gas is cooled by water jacket/heat exchanger, cleaned by a grit filter and a baffle filter

•  Gasification Efficiency 60 -70%, Thermal efficiency: 25% (tested by MNIT, Jaipur)

•  Available in capacity 5 -100 kVA, single and three phase - open and closed (sound proof design, having canopy) as per the requirement of customer.

•  GE helped in value addition.

Commercialization: •  Over 170 units have been sold in different parts of

country; received the single order of 100 units from Meghalaya (over 60 million INR), 30 units already delivered .

•  Eight units have been exported to South Africa, Kenya, Germany, Italy and Singapore.

•  Price (15 kVA): INR 550,000 and 650,000 with and without canopy, respectively

Commercialization:

• NIF signed MoU with Tata Agrico • Innovator will manufacture and Tata Agrico will market the device through its outlets • A batch of 1500 machines are delivered to Tata’s and they have approved the Quality of the product.

•  The device includes a hemispheric knife actuated by a hand operated lever, which can chipped the buds of sugarcane.

•  The chipped buds can be shown directly in the field or nurseries may be grown

Sugarcane bud chipper Innovator: Mr. Roshan Lal Vishwakarma, Narsinghpur, Madhya Pradesh

Marine Inboard diesel engine and Z Drive Innovator: B. Mohanlal, Aleppey, Kerala

Manually tillable Z-drive system Reversible reduction gearbox

To go along with gear box for diesel engine, manually operated Z drive system is developed, which is manually tiltable and can be locked at 90 degrees while landing. It also has reduced the loss of power through horizontal shaft power transmission and result in smooth drive and better maneuverability.

The diesel engine directly couples with two reduction gears through flange coupling with engine flywheel. The innovativeness lies in the application of helical gears with inner spline cut with dual sided jaw and dog clutch. This provides the smooth running and better power transmission for the marine diesel engine.

NIF signed MoU with Matsyafed

Matsyafed gave an order of 100 machine sets – order value of about INR 68 Lakh.

Yuvan Long life

Setup with Ensigns Healthcare to manufacture and market herbal teas based on community knowledge

•  Herbal Tea for Diabetes. Herbal Tea for Obesity. •  Herbal Tea for Anti – Ageing. •  Herbal Tea with anti –inflammatory properties.

• Herbal Tea with Anti – oxidant properties •  Herbal Tea for Hypertension.

Making strategic breakthroughs

incremental innovations, adaptive trials, user-led

modifications. , incubation

   R & D with external experts, new actors

and new arrangements    

   Product Development,

amplify the form, features and

functions

    Paradigmatic

disruption, discontinuity and non-parameteric

approaches , sanctuary model

Known

Known

Unknown

Unknown

Domain characteristics

Tech

nolo

gica

l pla

tform

s

How to reward: Portfolio of Incentives for Innovations

material-individual Ipr or non ipr based

awards Awards R and d grants Endowments

n o n - m a t e r i a l -

individual Recognition Honour Memorial

material-collective Trust funds Venture and incubation

funds Collective awards

Support for Institution building

Endowments

n o n - m a t e r i a l -collective

Policy changes Pedagogic changes

Forms of Incentives Material non material

Target of individual

Incentives collective

Mind to Market

Herbvate Skin Ointment It is based on the knowledge of seven innovators from six districts: Sabarkanth, Panchmahal, Dang, Mahsana, Patan and Bhavnagar of Gujarat. Herbavate exhibits remarkable properties against eczema and a variety of inflammatory and infectious skin conditions.

Communities: The innovators of Herbavate: 1. Amratbhai Shankarbhai Rawal, Mehsana Gujarat. 2. Kunjubhai Kakadiyabhai Bhoya, Dang Gujarat 3. Pujabhai Dabhi, Sabarkantha, Gujarat 4. Karshanbhai Parmar, Sabarkantha Gujarat 5. Laxmanbhai Pagi, Panchmahal, Gujarat 6. Lilabhai Rawal, Patan Gujarat 7. Lakhabhai Becharbhai Khatana, Bhavnagar Gujarat

Innovator: Bhikhaji Kaluji Solanki

Field Trial Results

• Results indicate that the herbal preparation significantly reduced the grasshopper and larval population (H. armigera and Earias vittella ) in Okra plants. •  Fruit damage in Okra was also controlled by NIF-BKS, which was at par with Chlorpyriphos @ 0.05%. •  Increase of 14 to 69% in number of branches was recorded as compared to control. •  Increase of 8 to 44% in the yield was recorded, maximum @ 40ml/L.

Botanicals for Growth Promotion and Insect Pest Control in Agricultural Crops

Innovator: Jokhu Shah

• NIF-JS (6ml) significantly reduced population of H.armigera as compared to untreated control.

• A reduction of 52% in mealy bug was recorded as compared to untreated control. • Reduction in fruit damage was recorded with NIF-JS @ 7.5ml/L, followed by 10ml/L dose which was better than the positive control. • Formulation also increased plant height @ 6 ml/L .

• NIF-JS showed moderate larvicidal effect against Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera larvae under controlled conditions.

Field Trial Results

Herbal preparation for controlling borers in vegetable crops

Innovator: Kodarji Kaluji Pagi

•  The trail was conducted on Okra in field conditions and data of plant hoppers, larval (H.armigera and Earias vittella) population and fruit damage was recorded. • After 48 hours of spray there was significant reduction in the larval population. •  Larval population/plant was 2.25 in untreated and 0.0 in NIF-KKP (25 ml/L) and Chlorpyriphos treated plants. • The herbal preparation also caused reduction in fruit damage/plant as compared to untreated control.

Field Trial Results

Herbal preparation for controlling pests in paddy, bajra and vegetable crops

g2G grassroots to global

Global GIAN – Building a Global Value

Chain for the Augmentation of Green Grassroots Innovations

Grassroots innovations find global markets …..

Sales made internationally 1.  Coconut tree climber- USA (Florida, Massachussets, California,

Hawaii etc.) Australia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Mexico, West Indies

2.  Pomegranate deseeder - Turkey, USA

3.  Garlic peeling machine - Pakistan

4.  Arecanut husker - Singapore

5.  Milking machine - Phillipines, Uganda, Ethiopia

6.  Resin grading machine - Peru

7.  Cassava peeling machine - Kenya

8.  Herbal growth promoters - Ghana

Product queries:

Sl no. Innovation/product Countires 1 Coconut/palm tree climbing device USA, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Australia, Sri Lanka, Mexico,

Iran, West Indies 2 Entech oil expeller USA, United Kingdom, Australia, Phillipines, Canada, Kenya,

Colombia, S. Africa, Switzerland, Poland, Indonesia, Belgium 3 Garlic peeling machine Slovenia, USA, Turkey, Peru, Singapore, Iran , Venezuela,

Pakistan 4 Pomegranate deseeding machine USA, Australia, Turkey, Venezuela, Hongkong, Israel,

Netherlands, Thailand, UAE, Iran, United Kingdom 5 Cassava peeling machine Congo, USA, Benin, Nigeria, Kenya, UAE, Uganda 6 Aaruni tilting cart Uganda 7 Coconut defibring machine China 8 Coconut dehusker Mexico, New Zealand, USA, Philippines, Bangladesh 9 Lemon cutting machine S. Africa 10 Milking machine Bangladesh, Uganda, Ecuador 11 Palm leaf mat weaving machine Fiji 12 Rain Gun (Chandraprabha) Sudan 13 Tea making machine Bangladesh, 14 Tile making machine Bangladesh, Kenya, Rwanda, Ghana, Zambia 15 Trench digging machine Pakistan 16 Zero head water turbine Egypt 17 Arecanut dehusking machine Chile

Culturally Alive India www.sristi.org/cultural

Solar Operated Car http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=24 Eco-friendly vehicle http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=27 Bio-bike http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=34 Air-powered car http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=38

Green building design http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=178 Solar Water Heater http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=191 Rain Water Harvesting Umbrella http://techpedia.in/stu_project_detail.php?student_project_id=2

Electricity From Noise Polution http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=258 Bicyle Refrigerator For Rural Areas http://techpedia.in/project_detail.php?project_id=261

Rider Induced bicycle Mr. Kanak Das, Assam

Bicycle based sprayer Mr. Mansukhbhai Jagani, Gujarat

Bicycle with gear Mr. Jayanti J Patel,Gujarat Bamboo bicycle

Mr. Dodhi Pathak, Assam

Amphibious Bicycle Mohd. Saidullah, Bihar

Bicycle based mobile spray pump Subhas Vasantrao Jagtap, Maharastra

Multipurpose Bicycle Md. Kamruddin, Rajasthan

Bicycle operated pump Mr. Vikram Rathore, AP

Bicycle based portable Pump Mr. Nasiruddin Gayen, WB

Bicycle based Innovations

Emerging Models of Innovation

a) Building upon what disadvantaged people are rich in: inability to live with problems unsolved – overcoming inertia

b) Empathetic innovation: samvedana se srijansheelta, kho kho model of innovation (innovation relay)

c) Going beyond long tail, long nose of innovation to turbulent innovation

d) Inverted model of innovations: children invent, engineers fabricate, and companies commercialize

e) Pooling of distributed ideas for innovation and experimentation : uncommon from common

f) distributed mind management: www.techpedia.in - transcending the limits of frugality

g) Moving blackboards: learning from unexpected quarters

Emerging Models of Innovation

Should accuracy be traded off with affordability? Should design overtake durability Should desires be preferred over deserving

Trade-offs in

Inclusive Development

Rethinking logistics for sustainable future

learning from grassroots

innovators

anil k gupta [email protected]

shall we join hands in learning from grassroots green innovators

fortune really lies at the Top of the innovation, ethical, and value pyramid

thus, poor people are not at the bottom of all pyramids

Minds on the margin are

not marginal minds

anil k gupta National Innovation Foundation, SRISTI, honey bee network, IIMA

www.sristi.org/anilg www.nifindia.org

How did it happen:

The journey…..

SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH AND INITIATIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES AND INSTITUTIONS (www.SRISTI.org) [email protected]

GRASSROOTS INNOVATION AUGMENTATION NETWORK (www.GIAN.org)

NATIONAL INNOVATION FOUNDATION (www.NIFindia.org) [email protected]

[email protected]

The Honey Bee Network, an informal global social movement, started in 1987-88,

Creativity counts Knowledge matters

Innovations transform

Incentives inspire (not just individual, but also collective, not just material, but also non-material)

Join the Honey Bee Network! For rewarding indigenous creativity and innovation www.techpedia.in, www.sristi.org, www.nif.org.in [email protected]