India Maize Summit 2015 - Session 2 - Dr subbaiah, Govt of karnataka, on Initiatives for Enhancing the Production of Maize

INDIA MAIZE SUMMIT 201510TH April 2015

KARNATAKA STATEINITIATIVES FOR ENHANCING THE PRODUCTION OF MAIZE

Presentation by

Dr.H.SUBBAIAH,Addl. Director of Agriculture

Maize cultivation

India is the 6th largest producer and 5th largest consumer of Maize in the world.

Karnataka State ranks first in the country in area of Maize.

Area of Maize in Karnataka is about 1.31 million hectares accounting for 15% of the total area of 8.71 million hectares in the country.

In terms of production Karnataka stand 2nd to Andhra Pradesh with a production of about 3.43 million tonnes against 4.81 million tonnes in Andhra Pradesh and national production of 22.23 million tonnes (2012-13).

Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Bihar, UP, MP and Gujarat account for 85% of India’s maize production and 80% of area under maize.

Maize production in AP and Karnataka accounts for 38% of total production.

The productivity of Maize highest in AP.

India’s Maize yield at 2.5 MT/ha. is less than half the global average of 5.5 MT/ha.

Maize in Karnataka

State Stands First in Maize Production

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Karnataka Maize Scenario

Accounts for 6% area & 12% production share

Area under irrigation is around 40% and rainfed area is around 60%

Area under Maize in Northern Karnataka: 52%

Maize

Wide Choice of Hybrids (39 Public and 67 Private)

Combining Productivity and Quality (QPM)

Inbuilt resistance to Biotic and Abiotic stresses

Trends in Cultivation of Maize in Karnataka

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Area ('000 ha)

Production ('000 tonnes)

Yield (kg/ha)

Unit: Area in '000 hects. Production in '000 tonnes Yield in Kg. per hectare.

Year Area Production Yield

1955-56 12 6 475

1960-61 11 12 1079

1970-71 63 217 3494

1990-91 250 630 2659

2000-01 669 2136 3361

2001-02 580 1452 2634

2002-03 650 1343 2176

2003-04 618 1210 2060

2004-05 850 2509 3106

2005-06 936 2728 3068

2006-07 961 2719 3979

2007-08 1113 3276 3099

2008-09 1068 2956 2913

2009-10 1240 2925 2482

2010-11 1286 4335 3547

2011-12 1349 4085 3188

2012-13 1322 3476 2768

2013-14 1377 4356 3330

2014-15 1384 4296 3104

Expansion of Maize cultivation in Karnataka State

Future DemandMaize possesses tremendous potential in terms of feed for the dairy, poultry and piggery industries.

Maize consumption stands at around 16 million tonnes (2011-12) , which is expected to grow at a rate of 6 per cent (compared to present growth rates of around 5 per cent).

The trend will continue as poultry farming is increasing due to demand, and as it enables a large number of entrepreneurs to become self-reliant.

Maize consumption would exceed 30 million tonnes in the next 11-12 years. The poultry sector consumes the largest chunk of the Indian harvest (51 per cent), followed by human consumption (26 per cent), the starch industry (12per cent) and livestock feeds, etc (11 per cent). Earlier, poultry farming accounted for less than 40 per cent of consumption.

Contd..

Increasing demand from the poultry sector is likely to substantially hike maize consumption to over 30 million tonnes by 2020 due to which its production has started growing at a faster pace.

The rising demand for corn as animal feed and food is the key contributor for maize hybrid penetration. Since India's maize yields are very low compared to global standards, farmers are depending on hybrid seeds to get more productivity gains.

In the next 5 to 10 years, India's domestic demand for maize is forecasted to outstrip supply. The country's maize demand is forecast to grow by 36 per cent in the next four years touching 30 million tonne in 2017, and double within the next nine years to touch about 44 million tonne by 2022.

Future Demand

Strategies for increasing production and productivity of Maize

Use of disease resistant maize composites like NAC-6002 &

6004 and hybrids (NAH-2049 & DMH-2) and pvt. Hybrids.

Growing of early maturing hybrids DMH 1, DMH 2 and

Prakash.

Seed treatment (against downy mildew) with Ridomil M-Z at

3 g/ kg seed.

In situ green manuring with fodder cowpea/ sunhemp/

horsegram before sowing of maize.

Providing irrigation at critical stages – flowering, silking

and grain filling.

KARNATAKA MARKET POLICY

INNOVATIVE POL[CIES

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

ONLINE PAYMENTS

STORAGE FACILTIES

AVOIDING MIDDLE MEN

Integrated nutrient management along with use of micronutrients like Zn, Mn and Fe.Encourage maize during Rabi season as its production levels are high. The grain yield of around 35-40 quintal per hectare at present can be raised to 40-50 quintal per hectare by adopting the above measures. Under NFSM Coarse Cereals Maize is being promoted through large scale demonstrations. Under “Bhoochetana” Programme INM technology is encouraged.Under “Krishi Bhagya” seepage proof water harvesting structures and micro-irrigation is promoted on package basis.Seeds are provided to farmers at a subsidy of about 50%.Promoting Contract Farming.

Strategies for increasing production and productivity of Maize

MSP OPERATIONS IN KARNATAKA

• 2013-14………71.38 Lakh Qtls Procured Rs 934.8 cr at Msp Rs 1310/-

• Acute shortage of Space. Transportation and Handling costs

• Heavy loss to Govt-Disposal problems

• 2014-15…….Gok procuring at Rs 1100/- as Goi insisted for PDS. So for only 21794qtls procured.

• Heavy loss to farmers.

PROBLEMS IN FIELD

• FAQ……parameters and quality control

• Heavy rush and management issues

• Cost of cultivation of Maize is increasing

• Support price is not sufficient

• GOI conditions

• Payment delay to farmers

• Revolving fund and requipment

• Govt onetime contribution to Revolving fund.

Value Addition

•Maize flour, or meal, is made into a thick porridge in many cultures. Maize meal is also used as a replacement for wheat flour, to make cornbread and other baked products.•Masa (corn meal treated with lime water) is the main ingredient for tortillas, atole, and many other dishes of Mexican food.

•Corn flakes are a popular breakfast cereal.

•Corn starch is made from maize kernels, which are high in starch, and used as a thickening agent in soups.•Corn syrup is used as a sweetener instead of sugar in thousands of products, including soda, candy, cookies and bread.•Kitty litter made from maize is environmentally-friendly.•Corn for cows, hogs, catfish and chickens: the largest market for maize in the U.S. is actually as food for livestock (sometimes called fodder, or silage). Cows eat field corn, not the sweet corn that people in the U.S. usually eat. Maize is also a large component of commercial chicken feed, as well as food for catfish, especially in farmed catfish.•Maize mazes: mazes are a fun use of maize. Rows of maize are planted in the shape of a maze.

THANKS