India

India

Preview and Processing1. What is your first impression?2. Why do you feel that way?3. What is the location?4. What is happening?5. Why is this important?6. How is water symbolically used in other

countries or cultures?

Geography Hindu Kush & HimalayasSubcontinentIndus & GangesSeasonal winds: monsoon

Aryan “Nobles”1500 BCE nomads from central AsiaKhyber PassCaucasus mts.Wealth=cattle Illiterate

Depended on priest: SanskritBlending betw. The 2 = Hinduism

Hinduism Aryans w/ myths; everything

holy Vedas: 4 collections of hymns

gathered by priest: 1500 total Rig-Veda: most important &

oldest (1028) Vedic Age

UpanishadsAttempt of teachers to understand and explain Vedas

1.One true reality is Brahman the mighty spirit that creates and destroys

2.One aspect of B. is self or soul=Atman3.Nothing dies: reincarnation4.Perfect Understanding=moksha wh/ = merge w/ B

Caste System1. Brahmin: “god’s mouth” = priest2. Kshatriya: “god’s arms”=rulers &

warriors3. Vaishya: “god’s legs” = landowners,

merchants4. Shudra: “god’s feet” = servants &

slaves5. Untouchables: nothing

Shiva: destroyer or transformer

•Vishnu: creator and destroyer of all existences

Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama

Beautiful life; wife, sonsick, feeble, dead: must seek wisdomAge 29 left family to become nomad & seek wisdom

Meditated under Bodhi tree“Enlightened One” or Buddha

Concern for everyoneNo caste system

Four Noble Truths1. Everything in life is suffering &

sorrow2. Causes of pain are selfish desires

wh/ = rebirth & pain3. Ending pain means ending selfish

desires4. End desire & thus pain by

following the Eightfold Path

Eightfold Path1. Rt. Knowledge2. Rt. Purpose3. Rt. Speech4. Rt. Action5. Rt. Living6. Rt. Effort7. Rt. Mindfulness8. Rt. Meditation (concentration)

Mauryan Dynasty Chandragupta Mauryan (322-298 BCE)

United all of N. India (9,000 increased to 700,000)Trusted no-one

FearFood tasters“Gov’t is the science of punishment”

Making the Connection

1. What modern day country is missing from the original map of India?

2. How does religion play an important role in the development of gov’t? culture?

3. What is Mohenjo-Daro and why is it important?

4. What were at least two main things the Harappan Culture was based on?

Ashoka (273 BCE)@ 1st like granddadEdict“federal aid”Spread Buddhism

China

Chinese Society Family : roles est. fr. birth to death

Elderly w/ power oldest male; oldest female females: father, husband, sons

13-16Having sons increased status

Gov’tRuler like “super-grandfather”Mandate of HeavenDynastic Cycle

Confucius K’ung Fu-tzu Social order & good gov’t based on 5

relationships1. Ruler/subject2. Father /son3. Husband/wife4. Older/younger5. friend/friend

Filial Piety Minister of Crime

Crime wiped out

ConfuciusThe Analects

Lao TzuNatural order: universal force guides

all things (Tao)Taoism

LegalistEfficient & powerful: reward & punishLimit ideas & actions

Ch’in (shih) Dynasty Ch’in Shih Huang-ti (246-210 BCE)

(Qin Shi Huang) Effective but cruel Ending opposition

1. Destroy outside rivals2. End resistance w/i

All nobles had to live @ capt. Burned books (farming & medicine) System of law, $, weights & measures Cart axles

What is the only man made object visible from space?

Making the Connection

Great WallProtection from HunsWheelbarrow20 to 25 ft. tall1,400 miles longLaw

Han Dynasty (202 BCE) Glory, unity, peace Revoked Ch’in law no real barbarian threat

Making the Connection

What was the Silk Road and why was it important?

Technology1. Printing: block press (600) 2,000

copies per day• Pi Sheng: (1040) moveable type

(Europeans 1450)2. Magnetic compass: 1st used to see if

homes faces S.3. Gunpowder: fireworks4. 1st paper money5. Silk & porcelain

Making the Connection

1. Name the European inventor credited with the moveable type printing press.

2. Why were the Chinese not credited with the invention?