OS13C‐1235 INDEX SATAL 2010 EM302 M ltib S f th S ih Tl dR i N thS l iId i OS13C‐1235 INDEX‐SATAL 2010: EM302 Multibeam Survey of the Sangihe‐Talaud Region, North Sulawesi, Indonesia NOAA Offi fO E l ti dR h NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research M Lb k * M hk M lik * M tB tt h ** J lEJh ** Meme Lobecker ; Mashkoor Malik ; Margaret Boettcher ; Joel E. Johnson * NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research Okeanos Explorer Program; University of New Hampshire Center for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, Okeanos Explorer Program; University of New Hampshire Center for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping ** f h f h ** University of New Hampshire, Department of Earth Sciences GUAM SAN FRANCISCO MENDOCINO RIDGE Backscatter Value (dB) INDEX‐SATAL 2010 ROV Dive Site HAWAII Depth ROV Dive Site CTD Location Kawio Barat 2010 OKEANOS EXPLORER EM302 MULTIBEAM DATA Depth (m) 2009 OKEANOS EXPLORER CTD Location Land Kawio Barat WESTERN HAWAIIN ISLANDS 800 A 2 2009 OKEANOS EXPLORER EM302 MULTIBEAM DATA HAWAII NECKER RIDGE Land -800 A HAWAII ABSTRACT The NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer has just completed a successful 2010 field season including its first partnership‐building mission to Indonesia INDEX‐SATAL 2010 INDEX‐SATAL SUMMARY JULY 24 – AUGUST 7 2010 -1600 A 1 The NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer has just completed a successful 2010 field season, including its first partnership building mission to Indonesia, INDEX SATAL 2010 (Ind onesia Ex ploration Sa ngihe‐Tal aud region). The mission was part of President Obama’s initiative to build science and technology partnerships with Muslim‐majority nations The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with progressive technology including a Kongsberg EM302 (30 kHz) multibeam system with bottom backscatter and water Km 2 mapped by the Okeanos 36,986 -2400 nations. The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with progressive technology, including a Kongsberg EM302 (30 kHz) multibeam system with bottom backscatter and water column backscatter data collection capabilities. All data will be publically available at http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/multibeam.html . Available data formats will include Kongsberg raw * all ASCII XYZ (by line and also 50 m or 100 m grids) Fledermaus v6 SD objects geotiffs and associated metadata Explorer and the Baruna Jaya IV -3200 Figure 10. Kawio Barat backscatter data, shown draped over See Fig. 5 formats will include Kongsberg raw *.all, ASCII XYZ (by line and also 50 m or 100 m grids), Fledermaus v6 SD objects, geotiffs, and associated metadata. Linear km mapped by the 6865 3200 4000 bathymetry. The mapping in the Sangihe‐Talaud region of the Celebes Sea produced nearly 37,000 km 2 of high resolution data, ranging in depth from 65 m to more than 7000 m. The mapped regions include the majority of the western side of the central Sangihe Arc and a narrow transect across the Arc in the south. A ~350 km long transect Okeanos Explorer h d -4000 across the northern end of the central Sangihe Arc was also mapped, north of the Talaud Islands, and extends eastward across the Sangihe Basin and Molucca Trench to the Philippine Trench. A recent synthesis of deep marine data by Pubellier et al. (2005) documents numerous active and inactive subduction zones of opposite Depth Range Mapped 65m to >7000m -4800 A 2 A 1 polarity in this narrow region. The high resolution bathymetry reveals new details of the seafloor morphology in this complex tectonic regime. At least five seamounts were mapped, including an unknown 1500 m high seamount and the volcano Kawio Barat, which rises approximately 3500 m from the seafloor and is the site of Number of XBT Casts 57 E 2 E -5600 2 were mapped, including an unknown 1500 m high seamount and the volcano Kawio Barat, which rises approximately 3500 m from the seafloor and is the site of hydrothermal activity and dense and diverse deepwater biological communities. Several additional features were observed, including submarine channels, fans, debris aprons with blocks up to 1200 m in diam accretionary ridges and basins trenches and numerous flat topped features These well‐defined features are consistent Number of CTD Casts 33 E 1 5600 Figure 1. A southward looking view of submarine volcano Kawio Barat, which rises 3500 m above the surrounding fl di i tl 22 kS i di t K i B ti h d th ll ti ith d f hit aprons with blocks up to 1200 m in diam, accretionary ridges and basins, trenches, and numerous flat topped features. These well defined features are consistent with the complex interactions between arc development, mass wasting, and subduction. Number of ROV Dives 27 -6400 seafloor and is approximately 22 kSm in diameter. Kawio Barat is hydrothermally active, with dense groups of white smokers that are home to diverse chemosynthetic communities. See area marked A on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km All bathymetric images shown are gridded at 50 m or 100 m cell size and have a vertical exaggeration of 3. All backscatter images shown are gridded at 40 m cell size includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km. See Fig. 4 and have a vertical exaggeration of 5. See Fig 1 These data provide new opportunities for further exploration in the Sangihe‐Talaud region and work is already underway by regional experts in geology, geophysics, biology and biogeography to use the Okeanos Explorer’s data to investigate the geological processes and biological diversity in this region D 2 D See Fig. 1 biology, and biogeography to use the Okeanos Explorer s data to investigate the geological processes and biological diversity in this region. 2 D 1 The Okeanos Explorer is equipped with a Kongsberg EM302 .5° x 1° (30 kHz) system, with water column backscatter capability. The EM302 is capable of producing up to 864 beam per ping while in dual swath mode / high density equidistant beam spacing. All data were cleaned in CARIS HIPS 6.1 and gridded at 50 m or 100 m cell Sangihe size. B A 1 Basin 1 Pubellier, M., Rangin, C., Le Pichon, X., and DOTSEA working group, 2005. –DOTSEA: A synthesis of deep marine data in South East Asia. –Mem. Soc. Geol. France, n. ˚ 6 32 6 l B B 2 Kawio Barat Seamount s., n˚ 176, 32 p, 6 plates + CD. B 1 A 2 Contact information: Meme Lobecker, NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, [email protected] www oceanexplorer noaa gov/okeanos Pulau Karakelong Tala d www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos www.explore.noaa.gov/technology/okex nds Talaud Trough slan Trough ud Is D 1 alau Ta Pulau Salebabu D 2 E 1 E 2 B 2 Pulau Kabaruang Pulau Bukide B 1 Pulau Bukide Figure 2. An oblique view of “Site K”, the location of several ROV dives and was found to host a diverse array of deep sea life. See area marked B on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km. Figure 8. Detail of a series of flat‐topped features Pulau Sangihe D 1 Figure 8. Detail of a series of flat topped features mapped by the Baruna Jaya IV. E 1 E 2 Figure 7. An oblique view f “Sit K’ ti D 2 2 of “Site K’ acoustic backscatter data, shown draped over bathymetry K i B t Operating Area for the Figure 4. A relatively shallow , small flat‐topped feature with what appear to be Figure 5. The northern end of the Sangihe Trough, showing flat sedimentation between b d kd l fl h ld d h F 1 F draped over bathymetry. Red values show a stronger acoustic return. Kawio Barat Site “K” INDEX‐SATAL 2010 Expedition Figure 4. A relatively shallow , small flat topped feature with what appear to be stepped terraces. See area marked D on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km. two submarine ridges. See area marked E on larger map. Profile shown includes depth in m and horizontal distance in km. F 2 stronger acoustic return. Kawio Barat shown in the background returns INDEX SATAL 2010 Expedition Geophysical Landscape of the INDEX-SATAL 2010 Exploration Operating Area 1 higher backscatter values than Site K. Philippines See Fig. 6 Backscatter Value (dB) Geophysical Landscape of the INDEX SATAL 2010 Exploration Operating Area rc Backscatter Value (dB) LEGEND I ti d diff ti t df lt Lt Pli d ti f lt he A Bsul Bangai‐Sulu Block Cel Celebes Sea CT Cotabato Trench HT Hl h T h Inactive and undifferentiated faults: Trench Late Pliocene and active faults: B 1 ngih HT Halmahera Trench NAS Northern Arm of Sulawesi NT Negros Trench ST Sangihe Trench Thrusts Normal faults B ands See Fig. 2 San ST Sangihe Trench SuT Sulu Trench SwT Sulawesi Trench Major strike‐slip faults Minor strip‐slip faults Site “K” Pulau Siau C 1 B 2 Celebes Sea ud Isla e Arc S Relative convergence between boundary Magnetic anomalies 20 20 mm/yr Inferred faults C 2 Pulau Siau Talau angihe See Fig 3 Area composed or bearing exotic blocks transferred from one plate to another Blocks belonging to the host‐margin, and displaced during the Neogene docking event Marginal Basin Offshore Sa See Fig. 3 Marginal Basin Offshore Tectonics 1 Pulau Thulandang Bitung, North Sulawesi C 1 Lithospheric Cross F 1 Indonesia 1 Papatua Seamount Cross Section 1 F 2 Indonesia C 2 Pulau Biaro F 2 INDEX- SATAL Data source: Sandwell and Smith SATAL 2010 (position estimated) estimated) LEGEND Paleogene F 1 F C 2 C Lithosphere Oceanic Crust Paleogene Neogene – recent Prism F 2 bl f h h db C 1 Lower Crust Upper Crust of l ff Prism Ophiolite Volcanism l f f b h l f dd b db h Figure 6. On oblique view of a 1000m+ high seamount mapped by the Okeanos Explorer, which was not previously observed in Figure 3. On oblique view of a 1000m+ high seamount mapped by Baruna Jaya IV, which was not previously observed in satellite altimetry data See area marked C on larger map Profile shown continental affinity Crust with oceanic affinity Volcanism Age of the structures: Active l Figure 9. Detail of a series of submarine channels, fans, and debris aprons mapped by the Okeanos Explorer and the Baruna Jaya IV. satellite altimetry data. See area marked F on larger map. Profile shown includes depths in m and horizontal distance in altimetry data. See area marked C on larger map. Profile shown includes depths in m and horizontal distance in km. Upper Miocene – Pliocene Lower – Middle Miocene Paleogene km.