“Inclusion, Cohesion and Accountability” in Education: Afghanistan Building a Foundation for the Future.

““Inclusion, Cohesion and Inclusion, Cohesion and Accountability” in Accountability” in Education: AfghanistanEducation: Afghanistan

Building a Foundation for the FutureBuilding a Foundation for the Future

Achievement since 2001Achievement since 2001 The highest enrollment in the history of

Afghanistan (4.2 million students in Grades 1-12) One-third is girls.

Commitment and enthusiasm for education demonstrated by students, teachers and communities

New curriculum framework developed, and new textbooks are being developed.

Various teacher training activities are underway Approximately 7,400 government schools

operating (80% of them requiring repair or major rehabilitation).

Enrollment Growth: 1940-2003Enrollment Growth: 1940-2003(Grades 1-12 Total)(Grades 1-12 Total)

0500,000

1,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,0003,000,0003,500,0004,000,0004,500,0005,000,000

Year

Num

ber o

f Stu

dent

s

Enrollment by GradeEnrollment by Grade2003 (grades 1-12)2003 (grades 1-12)

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

GRADE

NO

OF

STU

DE

NTS

GIRLSBOYS

Progress towards Millennium Progress towards Millennium Development GoalsDevelopment Goals

1990 1995 2003 2010** 2015** Net Primary Enrollment Rate (Girls) 19* 32* 40 70 100 Net Primary Enrollment Rate (Boys & Girls) 27* 49* 54 85 100 Primary Completion Rate (Girls) na na na 100 Primary Completion Rate (Boys & Girls) na na na 100 Girls Enrollment Share, Primary (%) 34 32 34 45 50 Girls Enrollment Share, Secondary (%) 25 35 40

* Gross Enrollment Rate ** The figures for 2010 and 2015 are indicative targets

Key IssuesKey Issues• Poor quality of education (lack of

learning space, trained teachers, teaching-learning materials, etc.)

• Gender disparity

• Urban-rural disparity

• Unclear accountability structure, limited capacity of the Ministry, Provincial and District Education Departments

• Reservation about the value of education in some provinces

• Lack of reliable data for policy formulation and planning purposes

Vision of Education in Vision of Education in AfghanistanAfghanistan

• To provide good quality education for all regardless of gender, ethnicity, language, religion, ideology and geographical location (inclusion)

• To provide opportunities for secondary and tertiary education of international standard to build skilled human resources to meet development and reconstruction objectives

• To create a foundation for peace, national unity (cohesion) and economic growth

StrategiesStrategies• Broad-based participation of all levels of government (center, province, district and at school-level) to take responsibility for planning and implementation of education services. (Inclusion, Accountability)

• Strengthening school-based management and the role of communities (Inclusion, Accountability)

• Partnerships with NGOs, the private sector and local contractors for education service delivery

Transition from Emergency to Transition from Emergency to Reconstruction and DevelopmentReconstruction and Development• Balancing act of responding to immediate needs

and considering long-term implications• Investment in capacity building while making

things happen on the ground quickly• Need to build an accountability system from the

beginning• Great opportunity to re-establish an inclusive and

cohesive society